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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Agrikultura Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences Zuriat Jurnal Agro Agricore: Jurnal Agribisnis dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Unpad Kultivasi Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis Chimica et Natura Acta AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian jurnal Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) Jurnal Agrotek Indonesia Agroekoteknologi Tropika Lembab Buletin Palma AGRIC Jurnal Kajian Budaya dan Humaniora (JKBH) CEFARS : JURNAL AGRIBISNIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH Jurnal Agribisnis dan Pengembangan Wilayah
Meddy Rachmadi
Departemen Agronomi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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Journal : Buletin Palma

 1 
Analisis Keragaman 35 Aksesi Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Asal BUDI SANTOSA; JOKO PRASETIYONO; AHMAD DADANG; DONATA S. PANDIN; . SOBIR; MEDDY RACHMADI; ALFRED P. MANAMBANGTUA
Buletin Palma Vol 16, No 2 (2015): Desember, 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (822.006 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v16n2.2015.183-194

Abstract

ABSTRAK Program pemuliaan untuk peningkatan produksi minyak kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan dengan cara melakukan seleksi plasma nutfah, observasi/eksplorasi lapang, maupun introduksi aksesi baru dari luar negeri. Teknologi seleksi kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan secara konvensional dan non-konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi keragaman genetik aksesi kelapa sawit asal Kamerun  berdasarkan keragaman karakter morfologi, produksi awal, dengan menggunakan marka molekuler  SSR. Penelitian dilakukan di KP Sitiung dan BB Biogen. Sampel yang dipilih adalah aksesi yang memiliki produksi awal tandan buah segar (TBS) minimal 4 kg.  Sebanyak 35 aksesi kelapa sawit asal Kamerun dan 20 primer SSR digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil pengamatan karakter morfologi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan karakter morfologi diantara 35 tanaman kelapa sawit yang produksi awalnya ≥ 4 kg TBS. Produksi awal kelapa sawit berkisar antara 4 - 9,5 kg TBS per tandan dengan koefisien keragaman rendah, yaitu < 20%. Berdasarkan analisis 20 primer SSR dihasilkan   enam pita dengan kisaran 4−12 alel. Jumlah alel dominan sangat mendominasi dibanding dengan alel jarang maupun alel sedang.  Nilai Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) yang diperoleh sebagian bernilai negatif, 11 primer (55%) bernilai positif. Primer MEgcl3639 menghasilkan nilai PIC tertinggi (0,65), sedangkan nilai PIC terendah pada primer MEgcl0046 (-0,48). Berdasarkan analisis UPGMA aksesi 35 kelapa sawit terbagi  ke dalam dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok I terdiri dari 34 aksesi pada tingkat kesamaan genetik 42,5 - 67,5%, dan  kelompok II, yaitu satu aksesi (D91.4). Aksesi  D91.4 memiliki komposisi genetik yang sangat berbeda dengan kelompok I, dapat digunakan sebagai calon tetua persilangan. Perlu penelitian lebih detail pada aksesi D91.4 ini untuk pengamatan karakter kadar minyak, ketebalan cangkang, daging buah, dll.Kata kunci : Kelapa sawit, Kamerun, produksi awal, SSR. Diveristy Analysis of 35 Oil Palm Accessions (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Originated from Cameroon Based on Early Production Character by Using SSR Markers ABSTRACT Oil palm breeding programs to increase oil palm production can be done by under going selection in the germplasm collection, observation/exploration in the field and introduction from abroad. The technology can also be done by conventional or non-convention always. This study aimed to obtain information about genetic diversity of palm accessions originated from Cameroon based on the diversity of morphology and early production characters by using SSR molecular markers. Selected samples were those  that had early production of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of at least 4 kg. The  research were held in Sitiung Field Station and ICABIOGRAD. Accessions used were oil palm accessions  originated from Cameroon as many as 35 accessions, where as microsatellite primers used were as many as 20 SSR  primers. The observation result of morphological characters showed that 35 oil palm accessions with production level of  ≥4,00 kg of FFB were not statically different. Initial production of oil palm accession were ranged from 4,00 to 9,50 kg  FFB per cluster with low diversity coefficient of <20%, which indicating high level of genetic uniformity. Molecular  analysis by using 20 SSR primers resulted  in number of bands up to six, with a range of 4-12 alleles. Dominant alleles  were more dominat as compared to rare or medium alleles. Some of Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values were  obtained  negative, and only 11 primers (55%) showed positive PIC value. In this study, the primer Megcl3639 produced  the highest PIC value (0.65), while the lowest value was obtained on the primer MEgcl0046 (-0,48). Based on the UPGMA  analysis, 35 oil palm accessions were divided into two groups. The first group was comprised by 34 accessions with similarity of 42,5 - 67,5%, where as group II was comprised by one accession (D91.4). Accession D91.4 has a genetic composition that is very different the group I, can be used as a prospective parent for crosses. More detailed research is needed on this D91.4 accessions such as oil content, shell thickness, thickness of fruit, etc.Keywords: Oil palm, Cameroon, early production, SSR.
Co-Authors Abid Ubaidillah Acep Atma Wijaya, Acep Atma Achmad Baihaki Ade Ismail Ade Ismail Adi R. H. Oksifa Agung Karuniawan Ahmad Dadang Al Findy Yuhibba Fitriah ALFRED P. MANAMBANGTUA Anas Anas Anas Anas Anas Anas, Anas Anas Zubair, Anas Andrew Yoel Andrew Yoel Anne Nuraeni Anne Nuraeni ANNE NURAINI Anni Yuniarti Budi Santosa Cucu Suherman DADANG, AHMAD Dedi Djuliansah, Dedi Dedi Ruswandi Denny Sobardini Sobarna Dewi Yustisiani Dika Supyandi DONATA S. PANDIN Eddy Renaldy Eldikara, Ranggi Elfan Waisimon Eliana Wulandari Emma Trinurani Sofyan Erni Suminar Fadhilah, Rifat Farida Damayanti Fiky Yulianto Wicaksono Hana D Rahayu Ibnu Haikal Ihsanudin Nuri Indrawibawa, Diky Intan Pratiwi Y.B.S. Jajang Sauman i Hamdan Joko Pinilih Joko Prasetiyono M. Khais Prayoga MANAMBANGTUA, ALFRED P. Mansyur Mansyur Moh Ali Abdullah Mubarok, Zakka Tafwidh Muhamad Kadapi Muhamad kadapi, Muhamad Muhammad Kadapi Murdaningsih H. K., Murdaningsih H. Murdaningsih HK Nani Hermiati Neni Rostini Nenny Nurlaeny Ningtias, Utarie Ayu Noladhi Wicaksana Nono Carsono Nono Carsono Nono Carsono Odim, Cecep PANDIN, DONATA S. PRASETIYONO, JOKO Priando, Wan Priyanto, Slamet Bambang Pujawati Suryatmana R. Setiamihardja Ranggi Eldikara Rara Rahmantika Risanti Reginawanti Hindersah Rian Kurnia Ridwan Setiamiharja Rija Sudirja Rodiah, S Romi Zamhir Islami Rosiman Rosiman S Rodiah Saiful Afif Almatholib Santika Sari Santosa, Budi Sari, Santika Sayid Nurahman, Ivan Setiawan . SETIAWAN, IWAN Sidik, Ramdani Sitanawati, Yuli Siti Rodiah Slamet Bambang Priyanto Sobir Sobir Sosiawan Nusifera Sumadi Sumadi SUMADI SUMADI Sumadi Sumadi Sumadi Sumadi Sumadi Sumadi Suseno Amien Tati Nurmala Tati Nurmala Tati Nurmala Tridakusumah, Achmad Choibar Trisna Insan Noor Veithzal Rivai Zainal Wan Priando Wan Priando Tampoma Wan Priando Tampoma Wan Priando Tampoma, Wan Priando WARID ALI QOSIM Wibawa, Diky Indra Winny Dewi W. Yayat Sukayat Yosini Deliana Yosini Deliana Yosini Deliana Yuliati Mahfud Yuyun Yuwariah Zulfatunnisa Zulfatunnisa