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Erlina Erlina
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Journal : JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW

 1 
Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Pembubaran Partai Politik di Indonesia Nurullah Nurullah; M. Hadin Muhjad; Erlina Erlina
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i3.12770

Abstract

The Constitutional Court of Indonesia (Mahkamah Konstitusi/MK) is constitutionally mandated under Article 24C(1) of the 1945 Constitution to adjudicate the dissolution of political parties, a mechanism essential for safeguarding constitutional democracy. Despite its strategic significance, this authority has never been exercised, resulting in a normative gap and raising concerns about its effectiveness in addressing internal threats to democratic order. This study aims to analyze the legal, political, and democratic dimensions of the Court’s dissolution authority by examining issues of legal standing, procedural readiness, and the broader implications for party existence and the political rights of citizens. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, this research evaluates the current regulatory framework and compares Indonesia’s model with those in Germany, Turkey, and Russia. The findings reveal that restricting legal standing solely to the Government creates risks of executive dominance and politicization, while the absence of a comprehensive procedural mechanism results in legal uncertainty regarding legislative seats, party assets, and members’ political rights after dissolution. The novelty of this study lies in proposing a reformed model through expanded legal standing, enhanced human rights safeguards, and clearer procedural standards to ensure that the Constitutional Court operates as an independent guardian of constitutional democracy. The study concludes that procedural reform is necessary to prevent abuse of power and strengthen democratic accountability.   Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) memiliki kewenangan konstitusional untuk memutus pembubaran partai politik sebagaimana ditegaskan dalam Pasal 24C ayat (1) UUD 1945, yang berfungsi sebagai instrumen penting dalam menjaga demokrasi konstitusional. Namun hingga kini kewenangan tersebut belum pernah digunakan, sehingga menimbulkan kekosongan normatif dan keraguan mengenai efektivitasnya dalam menghadapi ancaman terhadap tatanan demokrasi yang muncul dari dalam sistem politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dimensi hukum, politik, dan demokrasi dari kewenangan pembubaran partai oleh MK dengan menelaah isu legal standing, kesiapan prosedural, serta implikasi pembubaran terhadap eksistensi partai dan hak politik warga negara. Menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan, penelitian ini mengevaluasi kerangka hukum yang berlaku serta membandingkannya dengan model di Jerman, Turki dan Rusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembatasan legal standing hanya kepada Pemerintah berpotensi menimbulkan dominasi eksekutif dan politisasi, sementara ketiadaan mekanisme prosedural yang komprehensif menyebabkan ketidakpastian hukum terkait status kursi legislatif, aset partai, dan hak politik anggota pasca pembubaran. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada tawaran reformasi melalui perluasan legal standing, penguatan perlindungan HAM, serta penyusunan standar prosedural yang lebih jelas agar MK dapat menjalankan perannya secara independen sebagai pengawal demokrasi konstitusional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan perlunya reformasi prosedural untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan kewenangan dan memperkuat akuntabilitas demokratis.  
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Ade Isyana Hairunnisa Aditya, Viqri Agus Pahrudin Ahmad Perdana Indra Aida Fitriani, Aida Alwy Arifin Amlys Syahputra Silalahi Andi Ummu Salamah Arlan Prabowo Asfriyati ,MKes Aulia Azka Azhar Maksum Claudia Yunierta Tambunan Cut Sriyanti Dalimunthe, Ritha F. DESI APRIANI, DESI Devo Ferin Alfarizi Dewi Angraini Diantari, Retno Aita Djufri Djufri DODDY Doddy Domingos Soares Elfia Riandani Elly Rosmaini Fachrul Ghazi Fahmi Natigor Nasution Fera Apriliani* Hairida Hairida Hasanuddin Hasanuddin Hendra Hendra Hendrika Wijaya Kartini Putri Henry Rani Sitepu Heriansah ramanali Husna Amalya Melati Husnaini Rahmi Arrumi Ida Lestari Ida Rosmalina Indinastin Indinastin Ira Lestari Ira Puspitawati Iskandar Muda Ito Riris Immasari Juli Ana Julyanto Julyanto Jumadil Saputra Jumiati Jumiati Keulana Erwin Khairah Amalia Fachrudin Khusnul Khatimah Kismiadi Kismiadi Leo Francisco Lilis Suriyani Lina Suherty M. Hadin Muhjad Maria Ulfah Marni Marni Masriani . Masriani Masriani Maulana Maulana Miftahur Rachman Moch. Dzulkirom AR Muhammad Akmansyah Muhammad Haykal Munika Aruna Munir Munir Nurul Ainun Marfuah Nurullah nurullah Olive Beckam Olivia Rahayu Pratiwi Herowati R.M. Sheridan Abdalla Rahma Amir Rahmad Ziady Rahmat Rasmawan Ramli Gadeng Rico Nur Ilham Riswan Hadi Kusuma Risya Sasri Rody Putra Sartika Rujiman Rujiman Saferius Ndruru Shiffa Febyarandika Shalichaty Siagian, Nalom Sirojuzilam Hasyim Siti Aminah Dina Sinulingga Siti Khatimah Soetjipto Suwono Sri Dewi Rahayu Jamack Subadi Yono Sugianto Sugianto Supri Yadi Supuan Sultan Al Alif Suwardi Lubis Syarif Hidayat Tan, Winsherly Tarmizi Tarmizi Tasdik Darmana Titi Ratnasari Tiya Ruslina Putri Tomo Djudin Tya Daniela Usi Sukorini Wahyu Dwi Saksono Wahyuddin Wenseslaus Harley Hardiwinata Willy Sandhika Windarwati Windarwati Yandi Yandi Zul Azmi Zulherman Idris