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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Agrikultura Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Jurnal Hortikultura Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Agriprima : Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri) Proceedings Series on Physical & Formal Sciences Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Efi Toding Tondok
Department Of Plant Protection, Faculty Of Agriculture, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Meranti Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Cellulolytic bacteria as biocontrol agents of chili basal stem rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici FARHANTYO FAUZAN DWINUGROHO; GIYANTO GIYANTO; EFI TODING TONDOK; ABDJAD ASIH NAWANGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270109

Abstract

Abstract. Dwinugroho FF, Giyanto, Tondok ET, Nawangsih AA. 2026. Cellulolytic bacteria as biocontrol agents of chili basal stem rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici. Biodiversitas 27 (1): d270109. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270109. Phytophthora capsici is a major pathogen that causes severe yield losses in chili cultivation. Its cellulose-rich cell wall presents an opportunity for biocontrol using cellulolytic bacteria capable of degrading cellulose. This study aimed to isolate cellulolytic bacteria with antagonistic activity against P. capsici and to evaluate their effectiveness in managing basal stem rot in chili. A total of 279 bacterial isolates were collected from diverse natural sources, of which 72 exhibited cellulolytic activity, with cellulolytic indices ranging from 0.22 to 10.42. Pathogenicity screening through hypersensitivity and hemolysis assays identified 26 non-pathogenic isolates. These isolates inhibited P. capsici growth by 8.15 to 79.81%. Selection of promising isolates was conducted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which considered both inhibition rate and plant growth-promoting traits (volatile organic compound [VOC] production, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, indole-3-acetic acid [IAA] production, and siderophore production. Based on this evaluation, five isolates were selected: S55, S61, K15, S80, and FS28, with inhibition rates of 79.81, 69.26, 57.78, 46.85, and 40.37%, respectively. In vivo greenhouse assays showed that S55 and K15 provided the highest plant survival rates (86.67 and 75.56%, respectively), compared to 50% in the control. Molecular identification revealed that S55 and S61 were closely related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, K15 to Proteus penneri, FS28 to Bacillus altitudinis, and S80 to Brevundimonas sp. These findings demonstrate the potential of cellulolytic bacteria as biocontrol agents against P. capsici, while also highlighting the functional diversity of isolates with plant growth-promoting traits. This diversity expands the pool of candidates for sustainable and targeted disease management strategies in chili cultivation.
Potential pests and diseases on Sari Intan snake fruit in Bintan Regency, Riau Islands, Indonesia Melli Fitriani; Nina Maryana; Efi Toding Tondok
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.225190-200

Abstract

Sari intan is a superior variety of snake fruit developed in Bintan District, Riau Islands, in 2015. The pests and diseases that attack the Sari Intan variety are not yet known. This research was conducted to analyze and identify potential pests and diseases affecting Sari Intan snake fruit at different plant ages in Bintan Regency. A survey was conducted in nurseries and in plantations with two- and five-year-old plant populations. Insects found were collected and identified in the laboratory. Plant parts showing disease symptoms were also collected; the pathogens were identified, and the intensity of damage was measured. Data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and described qualitatively. The results showed that potential insect pests included Iceria sp. (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae), Coccotrypes sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Setothosea asigna (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae). A non-insect pest observed was Zonitoides arboreus (Stylommatophora: Gastrodontidae). The incidence of disease in Sari Intan snake fruit leaves reached 100%, with a damage intensity of 58,7%, caused by fungal infections. The fungi identified were Pestalotia sp., Colletotrichum sp., Helminthosporium sp., Fusarium sp., and Curvularia sp. An important postharvest disease was fruit rot, caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa.
Pattern distribution and epidemic factors of stem canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum on pitahaya in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java, Indonesia Andra Sahab Sukmana; Efi Toding Tondok; Suryo Wiyono
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.12646-58

Abstract

Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is an airborne pathogen that causes stem canker disease, characterized by small brown spots surrounded by a yellow halo on the plant stem. These spots expand and darken from brown to dark brown and eventually black. In addition to attacking the plant stem, this disease can also infect the fruit. This research aims to understand the distribution pattern model of stem canker disease and to identify the factors contributing to the epidemic caused by N. dimidiatum. The study was conducted through the collection of secondary data, field observations of disease severity, assessment of farmers’ cultivation practices via questionnaires, isolation of phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbes, and soil chemical analysis. The results showed that this pathogen initially exhibits a random distribution pattern but later develops into infection patches with two possible dissemination modes based on the observed distribution pattern: airborne transmission and vegetative planting materials. Environmental factors influencing the stem canker epidemic include rainfall exceeding 98 mm/month, a temperature of 27 ºC, and humidity of 78.3%. Biotically, the diversity and abundance of phylloplane and rhizosphere microbes in low-severity areas are higher than in high-severity areas. From the abiotic aspect of soil chemistry, the elements P, Mg, Fe, and total N are associated with reduced stem canker intensity. Four aspects of cultivation techniques are closely related to the human role in the formation of the stem canker epidemic: the use of phytohormones, the control methods employed, the choice of pitahaya varieties, and yield losses.
Co-Authors , Widodo . Giyanto Abdjad Asih Nawangsih Abdul Munif ABDUL MUNIF Ali Wafa Alisya Talita Papona Aloysius Rusae Ana Septiana Saputri Andika Septiana Suryaningsih Andra Sahab Sukmana Anis Mutirani Atit Kanti Atit Kanti Basri, Muhamad Bonjok Istiaji Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno Desi Andini Desi Trisnawati Desy Nur Avifah devi ayu komalaningrat Diny Dinarti Dwi Andini Shiami Eka Wijayanti Eka Wijayanti Evan P. Ramdan FARHANTYO FAUZAN DWINUGROHO Fitri Kemala Sandra Fitrianingrum Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum Giyanto Giyanto Giyanto GIYANTO GIYANTO GIYANTO GIYANTO Giyanto Giyanto Hagia Sophia Khairani Hari Priwiratama Heriyanto Syafutra Hermanu Triwidodo I Made Sudiana I Made Sudiana I Nyoman Sumerta Idris Idris Irwanto Sucipto Jean Nihana Manalu Kartini Budiastuti Kikin H Mutaqin Kustiariyah Tarman Kusumah, Yayi Munara Lilik Pujantoro Eko Nugroho Lilik Retnowati LISA MARIANAH Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono Marianah, Lisa Masrukhin Masrukhin Meity Suradji Sinaga Meity Suradji Sinaga Meity Suradji Sinaga MEITY SURADJI SINAGA Melli Fitriani Mubin, Nadzirum MUCHAMAD BAYU SETIYO BUDI nFN Khaerati Nina Maryana Nofiyanti, Sri Handayani Nugraha, Andhika Vidian Nurholis Nurholis Papona, Alisya Talita Parlindo, Fitra Paulus Woyen Pratiwi, Rizky Nomi Ramdan, Evan Purnama Reni Savutri Sitanggang Rika Estria Gurusinga Rizky G S Purnama Sari, Rahmah Dian Sa’adah, Rima Nur Halimatu Siti Juariyah Slamet Widodo SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Sri Wening Supramana Supramana Surono Surono Suryo Wiyono Syam, Nur Asmasari Tanjung, Mei Rani Toga Pangihotan Napitupulu TRI ASMIRA DAMAYANTI Usman Ahmad Wawan Setiawan Widodo Widodo Widodo Widodo Yadi Suryadi Yayu Siti Nurhasanah Yunus Effendi