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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tekno : Jurnal Teknologi Elektro dan Kejuruan Teknologi dan Kejuruan: Jurnal teknologi, Kejuruan dan Pengajarannya Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Pendidikan International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics Proceeding of the Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Informatics JOIN (Jurnal Online Informatika) Briliant: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science INTENSIF: Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Penerapan Teknologi Sistem Informasi Knowledge Engineering and Data Science JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan ILKOM Jurnal Ilmiah at-tamkin: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat SENTIA 2016 SENTIA 2015 MATRIK : Jurnal Manajemen, Teknik Informatika, dan Rekayasa Komputer Jurnal Karinov TRIDARMA: Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PkM) Edunesia : jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Discovery : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Letters in Information Technology Education (LITE) Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF) Journal of Applied Data Sciences Jurnal Riset dan Aplikasi Mahasiswa Informatika (JRAMI) DECODE: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi Bulletin of Community Engagement Journal of Education Research Jurnal Pustaka AI : Pusat Akses Kajian Teknologi Artificial Intelligence Jurnal Sistem Informasi Triguna Dharma (JURSI TGD) Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Pendidikan (JEBP)
Didik Dwi Prasetya
Universitas Negeri Malang
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Journal : JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING

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Abstract Syntax Tree Model for Minimizing False Negative in Semantic Evaluation of Python Fill-in-the-Blank Nurhasan, Usman; Prasetya, Didik Dwi; Patmanthara, Syaad
Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing Vol. 9 No. 6 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v9i6.11090

Abstract

This study develops and evaluates an automated assessment model using Abstract Syntax Trees (AST) with a view to overcoming the limitations of string-matching techniques in the assessment of Fill-in-the-Blank (FIB) programming answers. Traditional string-matching techniques have a relatively high False Negative Rate (FNR) of 21.5% within the context of detecting semantic equivalence. The current model uses semantic structural triangulation to ascertain the semantic similarity of student answers. Technical assessment shows that the AST approach markedly reduces the FNR to 4.5%. The model demonstrates high reliability (ϰ = 0.83) with high classification accuracy (F1 Score = 0.966) which attests to its inferential validity. From a pedagogical perspective, system implementation leads to substantial learning gains, evidenced by a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.82) and a high normalized gain (Normalized Gain = 0.90). Multiple regression analysis confirms that semantic accuracy is the primary causal factor driving improved student comprehension. Ontologically, while AST is valid as a partial representation, its limitations—particularly tree isomorphism in recursive structures—highlight the need for further exploration of graph isomorphism approaches. Control Flow Graphs (CFG) and Data Flow Graphs (DFG) offer more expressive relational models for capturing control and data dependencies. The model demonstrates functional feasibility with a System Usability Scale (SUS) score of 76.47. Overall, the AST Triangulation Model is validated as pedagogically effective, inferentially robust, and supportive of evaluative transparency. Future research recommends validating the model on more complex tasks and releasing it as open-source to support reproducibility.
Co-Authors Abdul Wafi Adi Wahyu Wardani Ahmad Fajruddin Syauqi Ahmad Yusuf Setiawan Ainun Nur Baiti Aji P Wibawa Aji Prasetya Wibawa Akbar, Asna Isyarotul Andika Dwiyanto, Felix Andrew Nafalski Anik Nur Handayani Anjar Dwi Rahmawati Arbian Sulistyo, Danang Arifiati Fitri Anggraini Aripriharta - Ariyanta, Nadindra Dwi Aryo Pinandito Ashar, Muhammad Azhar Ahmad Smaragdina Bagaskoro Biantoro, Yudhi Bintang Romadhon Cakir, Gulsun Kurubacak Denis Eka Cahyani Dwi Widiyasari Dyah Ayu Langening Tyas Ella Amelia Widodo F.ti Ayyu Sayyidul Laily Fadhli Almu’iini Ahda Fadli Hidayat, M. Noer Fatrisna Salsabila, Reni Firdaus, Nabilah Zakiyah Salmaa Gradiyanto Radityo Kusumo Hafid, Ahmad Hairani Hairani Hakkun Elmunsyah Hanifah Muslimah Az-Zahra, Hanifah Muslimah Haq, Salsabila Thifal Nabil Hariyanto Hariyanto Hayashi, Yusuke Hirashima, Tsukasa I Nyoman Gede Arya Astawa Intan Sulistyaningrum Sakkinah Irwansyah, Achmad Afif Iskandar Syah, Abdullah Kalifatullah, M. Ajie KHOIRUL ANWAR Khoirul Anwar Kusumo, Gradiyanto Radityo Laily, F.ti Ayyu Sayyidul Lalu Ganda Rady Putra Langlang Gumilar Lismi Animatul Chisbiyah Lutfi Budi Ilmawan, Lutfi Budi M. Ajie Kalifatullah Marsono Marsono Marsono Marsono Maskur Maskur Mayadi, Mayadi Mega Oktaviana Moh. Nur Zamzami Moh. Zainul Falah Muhammad Arief Nugroho Muhammad Aris Ichwanto muhammad hafiizh, muhammad Muhammad Jauharul Fuady Muhammad Mushawwir Muhammad Zidni Ridlo Mukhamad Angga Gumilang Muladi Nadiah Alma Ratnaduhita Nafalski, Andrew Nanscy Evi Wardani Natalina Wahyu Siswijayanti Nena Erviana Nunung Nurjanah Nur Hidayat, Wahyu Nuryakin, Mokhamad Perkasa, Gigih Prasetya, Luhur Adi Prasetyo, Muchamad Wahyu Pratama, Wahyu Styo Prihandicha, Adiftya Bayu Putro, Maulana Nur Antoro Ratnaduhita, Nadiah Alma Reni Fatrisna Salsabila Ridlo, Muhammad Zidni Rofiudin, Amir Ryan Kurniawan Samodra, Joko Setiadi Cahyono Putro Setiawan, Ahmad Yusuf Setyani, Ida Agus Shafelbilyunazra, Alvalen Sigit Perdana Siti Sendari Sofiya Anggraini Sucipto Sucipto Sucipto Sucipto Sulistyo, Danang Arbian Syaad Patmanthara Syaichul Fitrian Akbar Syamsul Arifin Triyanna Widiyaningtyas Triyanna Widyaningtyas Triyanna Widyaningtyas, Triyanna Tsukasa Hirashima Tsukasa Hirashima Tsukasa Hirashima Tuwoso Usman Nurhasan Utomo Pujianto Wahfi, Muhammad Fikri Wahyu Sakti Gunawan Irianto Wahyu Tri Handoko Wahyudi, Erlik Prasetyo Wardani, Adi Wahyu Wibawa, Aji P Wibisono Sukmo Wardhono, Wibisono Sukmo Wicaksono, Reo Widiyanti Widiyanti, Widiyanti Wiryawan, Muhammad Zaki Yana Andayani Yusril Imamuddin Zaeni, Ilham Ari Elbaith Zainul Falah, Moh.