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Journal : El-Rusyd

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Scientific Neutrality in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: A Critical Analysis of the Value-Free Ideal Harto, Budi; Ahida, Ridha
El-Rusyd Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah (STIT) Ahlussunnah Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58485/elrusyd.v10i2.486

Abstract

The debate on the neutrality of scientific knowledge whether science is value-free or value-laden has been a central discussion in the philosophy of science from the era of logical positivism to the present. The positivist tradition of Carnap and Reichenbach, along with Popper’s falsificationism, argues that the process of scientific justification must be separated from non-epistemic values in order to secure objectivity. However, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in contemporary scientific research presents empirical evidence that challenges this ideal of value-free science. This study critically examines how the use of AI in science supports the value-laden position advocated by Thomas Kuhn, Helen Longino, and feminist epistemology. Employing a qualitative method with a content analysis approach, the study is analyzed through a philosophical analytical framework. The findings identify three major positions: neopositivism, which defends the value-free ideal; the Kuhnian position, which acknowledges the role of epistemic values; and the radical value-laden position. The discussion demonstrates that artificial intelligence substantiates the value-laden view through four dimensions: algorithmic bias as a manifestation of social values, value-laden design choices in artificial intelligence systems, the incommensurability of artificial intelligence paradigms, and situated objectivity, which requires explicit recognition of embedded values. The study concludes that artificial intelligence not only confirms but reinforces the argument that the value-free ideal is a philosophical illusion, and that responsible science requires critical reflexivity toward the values embedded within scientific practice.
Co-Authors Aam Hamdani, Aam Abdul Rahman Achmad Syaifudin Ade Gafar Abdullah, Ade Gafar Ade Sobandi, Ade Aditya Wardhana Afifah, Fahmi Agus Sigit Pramono Aini, Laura Sidratil Alhadi, Kafi Hannan Alief Wikarta Amandasari, Nur Azyani Andina Dwijayanti Arief Yanto Rukmana Aulia, Rifa Nurul Azandra, Erien Nada Cecep Taufikurachman Chaerunnisa desi kristanti, desi Dewi Reniawaty Dina, Hidayatul Disman Dwi Puryati Elwardah, Khairiah Erry Sukriah, Erry Faizah, Ana Fardila, Siska Nur Hamdi, Khairil Harnani, Nining Harus Laksana Guntur Hendy Tannady Heny Hendrayati Hery Syaerul Homan I Nyoman Sutantra Ikhsan Ikhsan Iljasmadi, Iljasmadi Indah, Zuraedah Irzan Soepriyadi Isma Widiaty Ismael, Ismael Joko Ariawan Judijanto, Loso Juliawati, Poniah Juniardi, Agripa Lilis Saidah Napisah Lina Parlina Linda Daniati Melinda Lubis, Muhammad Hasan Magdalena Magdalena Mahessya, Raja Ayu Mira Kharisma Mokhamad Syaom Barliana Neng Siti Lutfia Alfani Kurnia Sari Noviana, Anna Novinaldi, Novinaldi Nurdiani, Tanti Widia Okta Sastra Zaenudin Pahrijal, Rival Palembang, Septianti Permatasari Panji Pramuditha Parlina, Lina Pramesti, Puji Prima Vandayani Puspo Dewi Dirgantari Ramadhani Ramadhani Ramanda, Renja Ratih Hurriyati Reniawati, Dewi Ridha Ahida Ridma Meltareza Rita Komalasari Rosliana Marsya Anggraeni Samir, Haddad Sari, Ade Risna Sari, Mike Febri Mayang Sofyan, Harnavela Solapari, Nuryati Solichin, Moch. Sri Marhanah, Sri Steffanie, Reggina Amelia Sulistianingsih Sulistianingsih Sulistianingsih Sumarni, Teti Suryaningsih, Lilik Susanti Susanti Susanti, Riri Sutikno Sutikno Taufikurachman, Cecep Taufikurochman, Cecep Teti Sumarni Tjutju Yuniarsih, Tjutju Vandayani, Prima Violin, Anita Wahyuni, Ning Wedra Aprison Wiwiek Hendrowati Yanni Suherman, Yanni Yohanes Totok Suyoto Yuniarto, Muhammad Nur Yusniar, Yusniar Yuyun Taufik Zai, Cinthya Ersa Dewanti