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All Journal EduChemia: Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan JURNAL SERAMBI ILMU Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI JURNAL MAHASISWA BK AN-NUR : BERBEDA, BERMAKNA, MULIA Ensiklopedia of Journal Jambura Journal of Educational Chemistry Jurnal Geuthee Jurnal Graha Pengabdian Eduproxima : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan IPA SPIN: Jurnal Kimia & Pendidikan Kimia Jurnal Hurriah: Jurnal Evaluasi Pendidikan dan Penelitian Journal of Technomaterial Physics MATAAZIR (Jurnal Administrasi dan Manajemen Pendidikan) Jurnal Iman dan Spiritualitas Jurnal Pusat Inovasi Masyarakat Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts (JoLLA) TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal Jurna Beta Kimia Indonesian Journal of Education and Development Research Cendikia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Jurnal Pengabdian Mahakarya Masyarakat Indonesia CARONG: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Humaniora (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management) Jurnal bahasa, sastra, seni, dan pengajarannya
Irhamni Irhamni
Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Indonesia
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Journal of Technomaterial Physics

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Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) in Adult Posteroanterior (PA) Chest Radiography: An Exploratory Analysis Intan Mulia Sari; Irhamni, Irhamni; Safitri, Rini; Yufita, Evi; Dewi, Ariana Shafira
Journal of Technomaterial Physics Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Technomaterial Physics
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jotp.v8i1.24603

Abstract

This study estimated Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) for adult posteroanterior (PA) chest radiography and described ESAK patterns in relation to selected technical parameters and patient characteristics as an initial facility-level baseline. A descriptive–exploratory observational study was conducted in 10 adult patients using a Siemens digital radiography system equipped with Automatic Exposure Control (AEC). ESAK was estimated from X-ray tube output obtained from acceptance/constancy testing and combined with routinely recorded exposure parameters. Incident air kerma (INAK) was calculated first and then converted to ESAK using a backscatter factor assumed to be constant at 1.35. All examinations were performed at 125 kVp with a fixed source-to-image distance (SID) of 180 cm. Focus-to-skin distance (FSD) was not recorded directly and was estimated from SID and the recorded chest thickness. ESAK ranged from 0.09 to 0.17 mGy (mean, 0.13 mGy), and all values were below the BAPETEN optimization reference level of 0.2 mGy. In this limited sample, graphical patterns indicated that ESAK increased with mAs and body weight and decreased with increasing FSD. These findings are preliminary and require confirmation in a larger cohort; however, they may serve as a temporary local baseline for internal dose auditing and to inform the design of subsequent dose optimization studies.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdul Jabar, Mohd Azidan bin Achmad Tohe Aini, Dian Arsy Aisyah Maawiyah Amalia Amalia Ana Ramadhona Ardila, Mutia Assaat, Lusiani Dewi Burhanuddin AG Burhanuddin AG, Burhanuddin AG Burhanuddin AG, Burhanuddin AG Busriyanti Busriyanti, Busriyanti Chairul Fahmi Cut Yulvizar Dewi, Ariana Shafira Dzulfikri, Dzulfikri Elfiani Evi Yufita Fauzi Fauzi Fayruza, Aida Zavirah Ghofur, Nahdah Arifatus Sholihah Gunawan Gunawan Hadi Kurniawan, Hadi Hayatinupus, Windri Huzni, Syaiful Intan Mulia Sari Ismail Ismail Ismail, Muhd Zulkifli Isriyanti Affifah, Isriyanti Jailani Jailani Julfi, Muhammad Juliana, Eka Juvitasari, Safira Kamil, Ridlo Inshofa Kamil, Ridlo Inshofa Kamsir, Rita Zahara Khair, Umul Khalisah, Khalisah Khasairi, Moh. Kholisin Kholisin M. Syathibi Nawawi Maimunah, Aisyah Malahayati Malahayati Marwan Marwan Masykur, Masykur Masyudi Masyudi Maysitah, Maysitah Misrahanum Misrahanum Moh. Fauzan Moh. Khasairi Muhammad Faisol Mursal Mursal Nawawi, M. Syathibi Nisfah, Ulfa Asrifatun Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Nurlaili Nurlaili Nurul Murtadho Pertiwi, Ratu Mega Rahma tia, Rahma Rahmi Zulmaulida Ramadhani, Muhammad Fakhry Ratna Sari Siti Aisyah Rini Safitri Rizky Kurniawan Robby Zidny Salsabila, Laila Yayu Salsabila, Unik Hanifah SAUDAH SAUDAH Selvia Selvia Siska, Widya Siti Aisyah, Ratna Sari Solekha, Nuralia Annisatus Solfarina, Solfarina Sri Rahmawati Sri Suyanta Sugiyanti, Sri Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna Sukmawati, Irma Wahib Dariyadi, Moch. Windari, Ratna yaman, aman Yarsina, Nova Yelfi Dewi Yulian, Rika Wulan Yundari, Yundari Yusra, Oktarina Zaidiyah Zaidiyah Zainal Fauzi Zainuddin, Zainuddin Zuhri, Sarika Zulfalina, Zulfalina Zulkarnain Jalil