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Comparative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Invasive and Native Land Snail Species of Java, Indonesia Pertiwi, Meilisha Putri; Nurinsiyah, Ayu Savitri; Juliandi, Berry; Priawandiputra, Windra; Iskandar, Johan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.5.1324-1336

Land snails are part of Indonesia's rich biodiversity. Their mucus is widely used as a natural ingredient in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Despite this, research has primarily focused on a limited range of species, leaving the potential of many native land snail species unexplored. This indicates that there is still significant untapped potential in native Indonesian land snail species. This research aims to analyze the bioactive compounds in the mucus of native Indonesian land snails and compare them with those of invasive species. The research employed Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) to identify biologically active substances in land snail mucus. The samples used were Amphidromus palaceus and Lissachatina fulica collected from Gunungkelir, Yogyakarta, and Amphidromus perversus from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, and Jember, East Java. The results revealed that A. palaceus exhibited the highest number of bioactive compounds, with 28 identified substances. The bioactive properties across all samples were categorized as antibacterial (16%), wound healing and anti-inflammatory (12%), anticancer (8%), neuron-related drugs (6%), anti-aging (4%), with the remaining activities related to liver-related drugs, antiviral, heart disease-related drugs, and kidney disease-related drugs. These results highlight that native species have significant potential for further research, enabling their application in medicine and cosmetics.

ETHNOBOTANICAL ANALYSIS OF PHYTONYMS AND PLANT-RELATED GLOSSES MENTIONED IN BUJANGGA MANIK, A PRE-ISLAMIC SUNDANESE TEXT (15TH CENTURY JAVA, INDONESIA) Dede Mulyanto; Budiawati Supangkat Iskandar; Johan Iskandar; Ira Indrawardana; Ari Abi Aufa
Reinwardtia Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

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This study aimed to identify and analyze ethnobotanical data on phytonym, utilization, and cultural value of plants mentioned in an Old Sundanese text. Since plants are mentioned with their vernacular names, identification was based on an exhaustive bibliographical search of the respective scientific name. A comprehensive investigation led to the identification of a total of 85 Old Sundanese phytonyms, which represented vernacular names for 79 distinct plant species. Furthermore, by considering the number of identified species from the plant-related glosses, 93 species belonging to 57 genera and 44 plant families were registered. Among these plant families, Arecaceae (12 species), Poaceae (nine species), and Fabaceae (six species) exhibited the highest number of identified species. In addition to the phytonyms, 36 phytotoponyms, which utilize vernacular phytonyms to designate settlements, hermitages, ports, mountains, and rivers were identified. It was worth noting that the majority of the plants associated with these phytotoponyms were indigenous. Meanwhile, only 13 species were traced back to the pre-Columbian exchange period during the Austronesian migration and the Indianization-Sinicization era in IndoMalayan history. The result showed that the predominantly mentioned utilization included beverage production, textile manufacturing, vessel craftsmanship, betel quid preparation, perfume creation, and incense production. Among the identified species, Areca catechu emerges as the most frequently mentioned in the text, along with Graptophyllum pictum and Cordyline fruticosa, which were also considered as possessing profound spiritual value due to association with heavenly realms. Furthermore, the text highlighted that the production of plant-based fragrance products, also referenced in the celestial domain, held significant prominence in global trade during the 15th century

ETHNOBOTANICAL ANALYSIS OF PHYTONYMS AND PLANT-RELATED GLOSSES MENTIONED IN BUJANGGA MANIK, A PRE-ISLAMIC SUNDANESE TEXT (15TH CENTURY JAVA, INDONESIA) Dede Mulyanto; Budiawati Supangkat Iskandar; Johan Iskandar; Ira Indrawardana; Ari Abi Aufa
Reinwardtia Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study aimed to identify and analyze ethnobotanical data on phytonym, utilization, and cultural value of plants mentioned in an Old Sundanese text. Since plants are mentioned with their vernacular names, identification was based on an exhaustive bibliographical search of the respective scientific name. A comprehensive investigation led to the identification of a total of 85 Old Sundanese phytonyms, which represented vernacular names for 79 distinct plant species. Furthermore, by considering the number of identified species from the plant-related glosses, 93 species belonging to 57 genera and 44 plant families were registered. Among these plant families, Arecaceae (12 species), Poaceae (nine species), and Fabaceae (six species) exhibited the highest number of identified species. In addition to the phytonyms, 36 phytotoponyms, which utilize vernacular phytonyms to designate settlements, hermitages, ports, mountains, and rivers were identified. It was worth noting that the majority of the plants associated with these phytotoponyms were indigenous. Meanwhile, only 13 species were traced back to the pre-Columbian exchange period during the Austronesian migration and the Indianization-Sinicization era in IndoMalayan history. The result showed that the predominantly mentioned utilization included beverage production, textile manufacturing, vessel craftsmanship, betel quid preparation, perfume creation, and incense production. Among the identified species, Areca catechu emerges as the most frequently mentioned in the text, along with Graptophyllum pictum and Cordyline fruticosa, which were also considered as possessing profound spiritual value due to association with heavenly realms. Furthermore, the text highlighted that the production of plant-based fragrance products, also referenced in the celestial domain, held significant prominence in global trade during the 15th century

DAMPAK PROGRAM REVOLUSI HIJAU TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN MINA-PADI: STUDI KASUS DI DESA LAMPEGAN, KABUPATEN BANDUNG Fatimah, Iik Nurul; Iskandar, Johan
BIOTIKA Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 23, No 1 (2025): BIOTIKA JUNI 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/biotika.v23i1.60214

Petani dalam pengolahan mina padi berlandaskan pada Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) secara lekat budaya. Pengelolaan sistem mina padi dengan menggunakan pengetahuan ekologi tradisional tersebut, perlahan-lahan mengalami perubahan seiring dengan diintroduksikannya program revolusi hijau. Program revolusi hijau tersebut telah mempengaruhi praktik sistem mina padi di Desa Lampegan. Pengelolaan sistem mina padi mengalami pergeseran dari ras ikan yang dibudidayakan, ketersediaan air dan waktu pemeliharaan ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji perubahan produksi sistem mina padi sebelum dan sesudah program revolusi hijau, perbandingan produksi pengelolaan ikan di sawah dengan ikan di kolam, perbandingan produksi sistem mina padi dan sistem non-mina padi serta pengelolaan ikan berdasarkan jenis ikan yang dibudidayakan . Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode campuran yaitu kombinasi metode kualitatif dan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan etnoekologi meliputi pengelolaan mina padi sebelum dan sesudah revolusi hijau. Pengumpulan data lapangan dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara semi-struktur dan wawancara berstruktur terhadap 50 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem mina padi di Desa Lampegan Kabupaten Bandung mengalami perubahan pada pengelolaan mina padi sebelum dan sesudah revolusi hijau dalam besar input pada produksi pengelolaan mina padi. Pengelolaan setelah revolusi hijau (2018-2023) menggunakan input luar (pabrik) secara keseluruhan yang menambah biaya produksi lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada produksi sebelum revolusi hijau (1960-1970) yang masih memanfaatkan ketersediaan input dari alam dan lingkungan. Pengelolaan mina padi juga diketahui memiliki keuntungan yang lebih banyak dibandingkan pengelolaan non-mina padi, pengelolaan ikan di sawah lebih menguntungkan dari segi pemeliharaan dan hasil yang didapatkan, serta keuntungan dari setiap jenis ikan yang ditanam memiliki keuntungan yang berbeda sesuai dengan kebutuhan konsumen (untuk dikonsumsi atau tidak dikonsumsi), ikan untuk dikonsumsi memiliki keuntungan yang lebih besar karena penjualan yang lebih tinggi.

Optimizing Public Health Services through the Implementation of IoT Sterilization and Water Purifier Technology at the Kemuning 1A Integrated Health Post in Sukamakmur Village, Ciomas, West Java: Optimalisasi Layanan Kesehatan Masyarakat melalui Implementasi Teknologi IoT Sterilization dan Water Purifier di Posyandu Kemuning 1A Desa Sukamakmur, Ciomas, Jawa Barat Nyayu Siti Aminah Lily Elfrieda; Sata Yoshida Srie Rahayu; Johan Iskandar; Yuli Wahyuni
Dinamisia : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): Dinamisia: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Lancang Kuning

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31849/

The people of Sukamakmur Village, Ciomas, West Java, face limited access to health care and clean water. This problem has resulted in a decreased quality of life, increased risk of water-based diseases, and low public understanding of clean and healthy lifestyles. This community service program attempts to provide solutions through the implementation of IoT Sterilization and Water Purifier technology at the Kemuning 1A Integrated Health Post (Posyandu). The goal is to improve Posyandu health services, ensure the availability of clean drinking water, and empower Posyandu cadres to be independent in the use and maintenance of technology. This is in line with SDG 3 (Healthy and Prosperous Life) and SDG 6 (Clean Water and Adequate Sanitation) through training and mentoring activities on the use of IoT Sterilization and Water Purifier devices, as well as socialization and counseling on healthy lifestyles and the importance of clean drinking water to support the realization of a healthy and prosperous life. The activity methods include socialization, cadre training, mentoring on the use of tools, technology application, and program evaluation and replication. In terms of increasing community knowledge through the transfer of IoT Sterilization technology to sterilize and kill microbes, positive behavioral changes in water use and management, the community's ability to operate and maintain equipment independently, and cadres acting as health education facilitators, the empowerment of partners in the social aspect of the community has increased from 20% to 80%. Meanwhile, in terms of improving management capabilities, this is reflected in the availability of clean water access directly at the Integrated Health Post (Posyandu), the development of documentation and program models that can be adapted by other Posyandus, resulting in an increase in partner empowerment in the management aspect from 35% to 85%.

Ethnoveterinary Use of Plants to Treat Ruminant’s Common Ailments in Rural West Java, Indonesia Iskandar, Budiawati S.; Mulyanto, Dede; Iskandar, Johan; Kusmoro, Joko
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46359/jte.v7i2.182

For generations, the inhabitants of rural people of Pasir Putih Village, Rancakalong Subdistrict, Sumedang Regency, West Java, have relied on medicinal plant to maintain the health of their livestock and treat various illness that may distress their livestock. Nowadays, however, the knowledge and practice of livestock treatment using various medicinal plants in rural areas of Pasir Putih Village has tended to eroded, due to the influence of commercial livestock businesses development. Consequently, to treat various livestock, farmers have to buy various modern medicines from the city and the prices are expensive. In addition, the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), particularly in the young generations has eroded. The aim of this study is to explore and to document the information regarding various ruminant livestock ailments, diversity of plant species used as ethnoveterinary medicine, plant part used and application method applied in treating ruminant ailments, and source of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants in the rural ecosystems of the study area. Method used in this study was mixed-method qualitative and quantitative with an ethnoveterinary medicinal approach. The study resulted showed that during the study recorded 14 common ailments of the ruminants, at least a total of 46 plant species in 41 genera and 17 families were used traditionally and their combination for the treatment of 14 diseases in the study area. Zingiberaceae found to be a dominated family with seven plant species followed by Asteraceae (5 species), Alliacea (5 species), and Fabaceae (5 species). The most commonly used plant parts were leaf (15 species), fruit (11 species), and rhizome (7 species). The wide application of medical plants as the form of drunk (66.67 %), followed by eaten (7.14 %), smeared (7.14 %), and put on (7.14 %). Based on the were the most important medicinal plants used to treat various ruminant ailments Fidelity Level (FL), it was recoded five medical plants, viz., Allium sativum (34.09), Kaempferia galanga (34.09), Zingiber officinale (34.09), Curcuma longa (34.09), and Aloe vera (34.09), in the study area. Regarding source of 46 plant species of ethnoveterinary medical plants was harvested from the homegarden 23 species (50.00 %), garden 11 species (23.91 %), and 12 species (26.05 %) acquired from both homegarden and garden. Thus, the agroecosystem of homegarden and garden are important role not only for the human food production but also livestock feed in the rural ecosystem.

Socio-Ecological Management of Drawdown Farming in Jatigede Embankment Dam (West Java, Indonesia) Suwartapradja, Opan Suhendi; Iskandar, Budiawati S.; Iskandar, Johan; Mulyanto, Dede
Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya Vol 25 No 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jantro.v25.n2.p265-270.2023

The impact of the construction of the Jatigede dam caused at least 6,856 heads of households in 17 villages as affected people (Orang terkena dampak-OTD) must move to new area. They must develop adaptation strategies to make various efforts to obtain income to maintain their survival in new area. Among the efforts made by OTD of Jatigede, they have utilized drawdown area of Jatigede for cultivating various crops . The objective of the paper is to elucidate the socio-ecological strategyÂ of OTD of Jatigede who reside in Maleber Hamlet, Wado Village, Sumedang District, in managing drawdown area. The method used in this study was a qualitative method with an ethnoagroecological approach. The results of the study showed that in an effort to adapt the OTD to a new environment, they have managed the drawdown area of Jatigede lake forÂ cultivating various crops. Generally OTD have successfully managed the drawndown area by cultivating various crops. However, they have still difficulty maintained sustainable cultivating in the drawdown area due to climate changes and drought.

Etnoekologi dan Pengelolaan Agroekosistem oleh Penduduk Desa Karangwangi Kecamatan Cidaun, Cianjur Selatan Jawa Barat Iskandar, Johan; Iskandar, Budiawati SUpangkat
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 1 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Biodjati, Volume I, Nomor 1, November 2016
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v1i1.1035

Abstrak. Sejatinya di masa silam, penduduk pedesaan di Jawa Barat, termasuk penduduk di Desa Karangwangi, Kecamatan Cidaun, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat dominan menggarap sistem ladang (sistem huma). Namun, sejalan dengan kian padatnya penduduk, makin berkurangnya kawasan hutan, dan berkembangnya ekonomi pasar di pedesaan, maka, sistem huma berubah menjadi beberapa tipe sistem agroforestri tradisional, seperti kebon kayu-kayuan (kebon kai), kebon campuran kayu-kayuan dan buah-buahan (talun) dan sistem pekarangan (buruan). Selain itu, dengan adanya program Revolusi Hijau pada sistem sawah dan introduksi albasiah/jengjen (Paraserinthes falcataria (L) I Nielsen) pada sistem tegalan dan agroforestri tradisional, seperti kebon kai. Konsekuensinya,Â sistem sawah dan sistem huma mengalami perubahan secara drastis. Paper ini mendisuksikan tentang perkembangan beberapa tipe agroekosistem dari sistem huma, dengan berbagai perubahannya. Metoda penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnoekologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil studi telah memberikan berbagai informasi untuk lebih memahami perilaku penduduk pedesaan dalam mengelola berbagai tipe agroekosistem di desanya. Dalam kaitannya dengan pembangunan, seyogianya berbagai pengetahuan ekologi lokal penduduk yang positif dan kearifan ekologi penduduk tidak diabaikan atau bahkan dicoba untuk dimusnahkan, namun dapat diintegrasikan dengan pengetahuan ilmiah barat untuk dapat digunakan untuk pembangunan sistem pertanian di Indonesia yang berkelanjutan.Â Kata kunci: sistem huma, agroforestri tradisional, agroekosistem, revolusi hijau.Â Abstract. Originally in the past, village people of West Java, including people of Village of Karangwangi, Sub-district of Cidaun, District of Cianjur and Province of West Java predominated practicing the swidden farming system (sistem huma). However, due to increasing human population density, decreasing the forest area, and rapid development of market economy in the village, theÂ huma system have changed toÂ several types of the traditional agroforestry systems, such as the tree garden system (kebon kai), mixed-garden system of wood and fruits (talun), and home garden (buruan). In addition, because of introduction of the green revolution in the sawah systems and the introduction of albasiah/jengjen (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) I Nielsen) in the traditional agroforestry systems, such as kebon kai. As a result, those agroecosystem types have dramatically changed.Â This paper discusses the development of the traditional agroforestry systems which is developed from the huma system. Method used in this study qualitative with the ethnoecology approach. The resulted of study show that it has provided rich information which is very useful to more understand the village people behavior in managing various type of agroecosystem in their village. With regard to development process, we suggest various positiveÂ local knowledges and ecological wisdoms, rather than ignoring or attempting to replace them, it may be useful to be integrated with the scientific knowledge to use in supporting the sustainable agriculture in Indonesia. Keywords: swidden system, agroforestry traditional, agroecosystem, green revolution

Kearifan Ekologi Orang Baduy dalam Konservasi Padi dengan "Sistem Leuit" iskandar, Johan; Iskandar, Budiawati Supangkat
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 2 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Biodjati, Vol II, Nomor 1, Mei 2017
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v2i1.1289

ABSTRAKDitilik dari sejarah ekologi, di masa silam sebelum ada program moderniasi usaha tani sawah melalui program Revolusi Hijau, para petani sawah di Jawa Barat dan Banten guyub menyimpan padi hasil panen padi di lumbung (leuit). Kini sistem lumbung padi tersebut hampir punah di Jawa Barat dan Banten. Namun masyarakat Baduy yang bermukim di Desa Kanekes, Kecamatan Leuwidamar, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten Selatan, kebiasaan menyimpan padi pada sistem leuit masih kokoh dipertahankan secara lekat budaya dan berkelanjutan. Paper ini mendiskusikan tentang kearifan ekologi Orang Baduy dalam mengkonservasi padi dengan Â sistem leuit. Metoda penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnoekologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Orang Baduy memiliki kearifan ekologi, seperti mampu menyimpan padi ladang hasil panen mereka pada lumbung padi (leuit) secaraÂ tahan lama dalam kurun waktu hingga puluhan tahun. Padi ladang utamanya hanya digunakan untuk memenuhi berbagai upacara adat dalam kegiatan berladang dan untuk dikonsumsi sehari-hari, terutama apabila Orang Baduy tidak memiliki cukup uang untuk membeli beras sawah dari warung. Maka, seyogianya kearifan ekologi Orang Baduy ini dapat dipadukan dengan pengetahuan ilmiah Barat, guna dimanfaatkan dalam progam pemangunan keamanan dan ketahanan pangan secara berkelanjutan berbasis pemberdayan masyarat di Indonesia.

Etnoekologi, Biodiversitas Padi dan Modernisasi Budidaya Padi: Studi Kasus Pada Masyarakat Baduy dan Kampung Naga Iskandar, Johan; Iskandar, Budiawati Supangkat
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 3 No 1 (2018): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v3i1.2344

Program Revolusi Hijau di Indonesia mulai digulirkan di akhir 1960-an. Program ini telah memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Dampak positif di antaranya dapat meningkatkan poduktivitas padi sawah secara makro. Sementara itu, dampak ngatifnya diantara telah menyebabkan kepunahan anekaram varietas padi lokal secara masif. Oleh karena itu, kajian tentang kepunahan anekaragam padi lokal di berbagai kawasan perdesaan di Jawa Barat dan Banten sangat penting untuk diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengkajiÂ pengetahuan masyarakat perdesaan tentang ekologi, terutamaÂ kaitannya dengan pengeloaan keanekaragaman varietas padi lokal dan perubahannya dampak Revolusi Hijau, berlandaskanÂ Â dari studi kasus pada masyarakat Baduy, Desa Kanekes, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten Selatan dan masyarakat Kampung Naga, Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnoekologi, yaitu peneliti mempelajari pengetahuan penduduk perdesaan tentang berbagai aspek ekologi dalam kaitannya dengan pengeloaan padi lokal. Teknik pengumpulan data lapangan dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap informan yang kompeten yang dipilih secaraâ€™ purposiveâ€™. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sejatinya para petani â€˜humaâ€™ Baduy dan petani sawah Kampung Naga memiliki peran penting dalam mengkonservasi anekaragam varietas padi lokal secara in-situ. Namun, akibat program Revolusi Hijau, beberapa varietas padi lokal sawah penduduk Kampung Naga mengalami kepunahan. Sementara itu, kepunahan anekaragam varietas padi lokal di â€˜humaâ€™ Baduy tidak terdokumentasikan. Mengingat penduduk Baduy tidak menerima program Revolusi Hijau. Kepunahan keanekaragam varietas padi lokal dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti kebijakan pemerintah, perubahan ekosistem, dan akibat perubahan sistem sosial ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat. Penelitian ini dapat memiliki kontribusi penting untuk ilmu pengetahuan dan kepentingan praktis. Berdasarkan kepentingan ilmu pengetahuan yaitu dapat bermanfaat untuk pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya dalam bidang etnoekologi dan etnobotani. Sementara itu, untuk kepentingan praktis, diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk dijadikan masukanÂ bagi berbagai pihak terkait, guna upaya konservasi anekaragam padi di Indonesia.Â Â Â

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