Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
6.669
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Teknotan: Jurnal Industri Teknologi Pertanian Jurnal Ilmu Dasar Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Jurnal Teknik Mesin Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan JURNAL PETERNAKAN Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Jurnal Riset Kimia ROTOR: JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK MESIN Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Jurnal Litbang Industri Biopropal Industri Pro Food Jurnal Matematika Sains dan Teknologi Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Agroindustrial Technology Journal Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Logista: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Menara Ilmu International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Warta Pengabdian Andalas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengembangan Dan Penerapan Ipteks Andalasian International Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture Jurnal Teknik Mesin AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Jurnal Litbang Industri Jurnal Hasi Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta - JPPIE Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Journal of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering Research Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites Jurnal Teknologi Pengolahan Pertanian SAINTI: Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Industri Teknologi dan Industri Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea Andalasian International Journal of Social and Entrepreneurial Development Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis GreenTech
Anwar Kasim
Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Andalas
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

Published : 106 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 106 Documents
Search

 1   2   3   4   5 
Effect of Particles Size on EFB Bio-briquettes of Calorific Value Nofriady Handra; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Santosa Santosa
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1370.184 KB)

Abstract

The development of biomass has been assumed as an important issue in the past several decades and would remain to be attractive in the future due to its clean, renewable, and carbon–neutral properties. Biomass is one of the most important renewable energy resources in the world. In recent decades, the utilization of biomass has dramatically increased. The objective of this research was to knowing effect of particles size on EFB bio-briquettes of calorific value. There were many reasons. First, biomass is a renewable resource, because of the availability of biomass is unlimited, and its regenerative process runs well. Second, the extraction of biomass energy can be carried out more flexibly. The biomass can be burned directly without high technology. Biomass bio-briquettes are often used as an energy source for cooking purpose and in some industries. The 2% (dry basis) is used as a binder in a mixture with EFB fibre. Samples of solid cylindrical shape Ø 4 cm and 6 cm high and density sample is 0.8 gr/cm2. The pressure is used to generate samples specified in the mold volume. The volume of the cylinder is 75.36 cm2. The particle size briquette of 40 mesh average water content of 9.1% was generated while the size of 60 mesh was 9.5%. The particle size of 60 mesh (smooth) yields the highest value between 20 mesh and 40 mesh. The value of ash content generated by 4.35% is higher than the size of 20 mesh (2.88%) and 40 mesh (3.09%). On the particle size of 20 mesh fibers (more roughly), it yields a calorific value of 4237.5 kal /gr and is higher than 40 mesh fiber particle size (4102.2 kal/gr) and 60 mesh (4066.5 kal/gr). The difference in heating value produced by the three did not show any significant difference.
Aplikasi Gambir Sebagai Bahan Penyamak Kulit Melalui Penerapan Penyamakan Kombinasi Anwar Kasim; Sri Mutiar
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 2, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v2i2.600.55-62

Abstract

The research on “application ofgambieras atanning agentby using alum and gambier”had been done to findthe optimumconcentrationand produce leatherthat meetsindustry standards, moreoverto subtitute chrome as a tanningmaterialthathas a negative impacton the environment. 45 sheets goat leather were used in this research. The phase I of tanningused alumthat consisted of 5 concentration levels (3%, 5%, 7%, 9% and 11% w/v), then continued with phase II that used  gambier as a tanning agentwhich consisted of 3 concentration level (3%, 6% and 9% w/v) with 3 replications. The results showedthat all leathersmet the SNI-06-0463-1989, standardfor the leather layer of tanning combination and SNI-0253-2009, standardfor the upper skin of goat legs to the chemical and physical properties. The optimum use of alum as a combination tanning agent in phase I was found to be 3% and followed by phaseIItanning agentusinggambierto be 3%. Analytical Results showed that the levels oftanned bound: 32.88%, tanning degree: 88.62%, tensile strength: 449.17kg/cm2and percentage extension:16% respectively.ABSTRAKPenelitian tentang “aplikasi gambir sebagai bahan penyamak kulit melalui penerapan penyamakan kombinasi dengan menggunakan tawas dan gambir” dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi yang optimal serta menghasilkan kulit samak yang memenuhi standar industri, dan untuk menghindari penggunaan bahan penyamak krom yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kulit kambing. Pelaksanaan proses penyamakan kulit tahap I menggunakan tawas yang terdiri atas 5 taraf konsentrasi (3%, 5%, 7%, 9% dan 11%), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penyamakan nabati tahap II dengan menggunakan gambir 3 taraf konsentrasi (3%, 6%, dan 9%) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua hasil memenuhi standar SNI-06-0463-1989 tentang kulit lapis samak kombinasi dan SNI-0253-2009 tentang kulit bagian atas kaki kulit kambing terhadap sifat kimia dan fisik.Penggunaan zat penyamak kulit kombinasi yang optimum yaitu menggunakan penyamakan tahap I dengan tawas pada konsentrasi 3% dan dilanjutkan dengan penyamakan tahap II dengan menggunakan gambir pada konsentrasi 3%. Karakteristik kulit hasil pengamatan kulit tersamak adalah kadar tanin terikat: 32,88%, derajat penyamakan: 88,62%, kekuatan tarik: 449,17 kg/cm2 dan kemuluran: 16%.
Perilaku Krom Dalam Limbah Cair Penyamakan Kombinasi Krom-Gambir dan Krom-Mimosa Pada Penyamakan Kulit Ardinal Ardinal; Salmariza Salmariza; Anwar Kasim
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 4, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v4i1.646.59-66

Abstract

This study aims to determine the amount of chrome that come out together with tannery waste in a tanned combination process of chrome-gambier and chrome-mimosa. the process research performed by 2 stages. The 1st stage  using chrome with 5 concentration,    they were 2,4,6 and 8 %. Then it followed by the 2nd stage  tanning process by using vegetable tanning, gambier and mimosa, with each 7% and 9% concentration. The results showed that the combination of chrome-gambier tanned at the same concentration disposed chromium waste less than the combination of chrome-mimosa tanned. The lowest total chrome waste on the chrome-gambier tanning combination was 3.9 ppm at  2% chromium and 7% gambier concentration and the highest was 146.6 ppm at 8% chromium and 9% gambier concentrations.  The lowest total chrome waste on the combination of chrome-mimosa tanning was 2.2 ppm at  2% chromium and 7% mimosa concentration and the highest was 170.4 ppm at 8 % chromium and 9% mimosa concentration. The 2ndtanning, was combination tanning process, chrome-gambier able to reduce chromium levels more than the chrome-mimosa tanning.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah krom yang ikut terbuang bersama limbah proses penyamakan kulit yang di samak kombinasi krom-gambir dan krom-mimosa. Pelaksanaan penelitian proses penyamakan kulit  dilakukan dengan 2 tahap. Tahap I menggunakan krom dengan 5 variasi  konsentrasi yaitu 2, 4, 6 dan 8%. Setelah penyamakan tahap I kemudian dilanjutkan penyamakan tahap II dengan menggunakan penyamakan nabati, gambir dan mimosa, dengan variasi konsentrasi masing-masing 7 dan 9%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penyamakan kombinasi krom-gambir pada konsentrasi yang sama menghasilkan limbah krom yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan samak kombinasi krom-mimosa. Jumlah limbah krom pada penyamak kombinasi krom-gambir terendah adalah 3,9 ppm pada konsentrasi krom 2% dan gambir 7% dan tertinggi 146,6 ppm pada konsentasi krom 8% dan gambir 9%. Jumlah limbah krom pada penyamak kombinasi krom-mimosa terendah adalah 2,2 ppm pada konsentrasi krom 2% dan mimosa 7% dan tertinggi 170,4 ppm pada konsentasi krom 8% dan mimosa 9%. Penyamakan tahap II, yang merupakan samak kombinasi, krom-gambir dapat menurunkan kadar krom lebih banyak dibandingkan kombinasi krom-mimosa.
Pengembangan Mesin Pengurai Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) untuk Menghasilkan Serat Mekanis Junaidi Junaidi; Anwar Kasim; Ardinal Ardinal
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 6, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v6i1.955.39-49

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to design shredded oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber extractor machine, to conduct technical evaluation on the machine performance, and to conduct fiber chemical analysis. This prototype is expected to increase added value on EFB waste as it is not maximally utilized. The machine must be both technically and economically feasible to be applied in particle board industry to produce oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber. Based on its design, the machine has ± 200 kg/hours capacity and 5 HP motor. The evaluation of machine performance on 600 RPM and 900 RPM rotations resulted on similar numbers of fiber and mixed fiber percentage. From 10 shredded EFB extracted, 7.6 kg (76%) clean fiber, 2.05 kg (20%) mixed fiber, and 1.35 kg ash were obtained. Three times extracting process on 600 RPM rotation resulted on fiber percentage based on its length as follows: 4.6% long fiber (>10 cm), 32.3% medium fiber (5-10 cm), and 61.4% short fiber (2-4 cm). Meanwhile, the percentages on 900 RPM rotation were 0% of long fiber, 22.37% of medium fiber, and short fiber of 77.3%. There were five types of composition of extracted fiber level; 1) clean fiber on 600 RPM, 2) clean fiber on 900 RPM, 3) mixed fiber (medium fiber 2-3 cm + petal), 4) mixed fiber (short fiber <2 cm + petal), 5) mixed fiber (soft fiber + pollens). The result of chemical analysis showed that those five types of fibers contained 9.3% water, 5.6% extractive, 1.4% fat, 33.1% lignin, 58.33% holocellulose, and 39.2% cellulose contents. Finally the analysis showed that it had a similar chemical composition compared to the fibers of softwood and Red Meranti wood.ABSTRAKPengembangan mesin pengurai serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit dilakukan untuk menghasilkan serat mekanis sebagai penguat papan partikel. Didalam penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan mesin, pembuatan mesin dan evaluasi teknis kinerja mesin. Evaluasi teknis dilakukan pada putaran 600 rpm dan 900 rpm dengan masing-masing putaran 2 kali penguraian, dan masing-masing penguraian 3 ulangan. Dari hasil rancangan mesin didapatkan kapasitas mesin ± 200 kg/jam dan daya penggerak  5 HP. Hasil evaluasi teknis kinerja mesin didapatkan persentase serat dan serat campuran pada putaran 900 rpm pada pengujian 1 dan 2 tidak berbeda jauh dengan pengujian pada putaran 600 rpm. Dari 10 kg TKKS cacahan masing-masing putaran, didapatkan rata-rata serat bersih  82%, serat campuran 14%, dan 4% menjadi debu. Dari hasil penguraian pada putaran 600 rpm dan 900 rpm didapatkan 5 macam komposisi tingkatan serat yaitu, a) serat bersih 600 rpm, b) serat bersih 900 rpm, c) serat campuran (2-3 cm+kelopak), d) serat campuran (<2 cm + kelopak), e) serat campuran (serat halus + serbuk). Hasil analisis kimia ke lima serat tersebut yaitu,  rata-rata kadar air serat 9,3%, kadar ekstraktif 5,6%, kadar lemak 1,4%, kadar lignin 33,1%, kadar holoselulosa 58,33%, dan selulosa 39,2%. Dibandingkan dengan serat kayu daun jarum dan kayu meranti merah, kandungan kimia serat tersebut hampir sama atau tidak berbeda jauh.
Physical properties of a natural foam made from gambier: influence of proportion of gambier extract used Inda Three Anova; Anwar Kasim; Tuty Anggraini
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (319.151 KB) | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v8i2.4059.89-94

Abstract

Tannin made from gambier extract contains hydroxyl groups and so can be modified to synthesize polymers. Gambier extract has a high tannin content that contains polyflavonoids with other additives. This allows it to be modified by polycondensation to make a polymer foam which can be used as an insulator for heat and sound, an absorber of heavy metal pollutants and for protective packaging. This study investigates the utilization of gambier in the manufacture of foam and determines the physical properties of the foam produced. The study was conducted using ethanol to produce the gambier extract from leaves of the plant which was used in the proportions of 14%, 24%, and 34% by weight to make different foam samples. Foam produced from 24% gambier extract had optimum qualities with a density value of 0.34 g/cm3, pH 6.83, compressive strength of 0.14 kg/cm2, thermal conductivity of 5.52 W/moC, and was semi-flexible foam. AbstrakSalah satu senyawa kelompok OH yang dapat dimodifikasi untuk tujuan sintesis polimer adalah tanin dari ekstrak gambir. Ekstrak gambir dengan kandungan tanin tinggi dapat dimodifikasi untuk pembuatan busa yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan isolator panas, suara, dan penyerap logam serta untuk pengemasan. Pada pembuatan busa berbasis  gambir, tanin yang terdapat pada gambir berfungsi sebagai isolasi materi yang terjadi karena polikondensasi dari poliflavonoid tanin dengan bahan tambahan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan gambir dalam pembuatan busa dan mengetahui sifat fisik busa yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tahap awal ekstraksi gambir menggunakan etanol. Perlakuan penelitian adalah pemakaian ekstrak gambir 14%, 24%, dan 34%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa busa yang dihasilkan dari pemakaian ekstrak gambir 24% memiliki nilai densiti 0,34 g/cm3, pH 6,83, kuat tekan 0,14 kg/cm2, konduktivitas termal 5,52 W/moC, dan busa dapat digolongan sebagai busa semi fleksibel.
Kenaikan nilai aktivitas antioksidan nanokatekin dibanding katekin sediaan konvensional dan peluang aplikasinya pada hard candy Yefsi Malrianti; Anwar Kasim; Alfi Asben; Gustri Yeni
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v10i1.6111.7-14

Abstract

Katekin memiliki banyak manfaat dalam kehidupan manusia diantaranya pada dunia pangan, kosmetik dan farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kenaikan nilai aktivitas antioksidan dari nanokatekin dibanding dengan katekin sediaan konvensional dan peluang aplikasinya pada hard candy (HC). Preparasi nanokatekin menggunakan high speed homogenizer (HSH) kecepatan 12.000 rpm selama 90 menit pada campuran katekin dalam air konsentrasi 1%. Ukuran partikel diamati dengan PSA dan uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode IC50. Ukuran diameter rata-rata partikel nanokatekin yang didapat adalah 229,21 nm. Nilai IC50 nanokatekin adalah 0,63±0,18 μg/mL sedangkan IC50 katekin sediaan konvensional adalah 2,62±1,75 μg/mL sehingga untuk mencapai nilai IC50 oleh nanokatekin hanya dibutuhkan 24,04% saja dibanding dengan katekin sediaan konvensional, jadi terlihat peningkatan sifat antioksidan yang sangat tinggi pada nanokatekin. Aplikasi katekin dan nanokatekin pada HC mempengaruhi aktivitas antioksidan HC. HC dengan penambahan katekin sediaan konvensional menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan 9 kali lebih tinggi dibanding dengan HC tanpa katekin, sedangkan HC dengan penambahan nanokatekin menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan 13 kali lebih tinggi dibanding dengan HC tanpa katekin.
Utilization of mensiang (Actinoscorpus grosus L.) as a cellulose-rich material for furfural synthesis Fransiska Angelina G Rezekinta; Anwar Kasim; Novizar Nazir; F Failisnur
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 11, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v11i2.7212.117-123

Abstract

The cellulose content of mensiang varies from 22% in the flower to 33% in the root. This could be used as a starting point for furfural synthesis. To separate furfural, several conditions are set for the distillation and evaporation processes. The conditions were rootstock part (A), upper stem part (B), whole stem part (C), whole stem with flowers part (D), and whole stem, flowers, and root part (E). Furfural content in the mensiang plant was conducted using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) for the highest yield 11.78%, D treatment. Furfural synthesized from the mensiang plant has a furfural content of 96%. Furfural's density was 1.160 g/ml, boiling point was 161 oC, refractive index was 1.5120 obrix, and its viscosity was 1.46 cp.
Karakterisasi busa kaku (rigid foam) yang dihasilkan dari bubuk gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) dengan bubuk albumin E Efrina; Anwar Kasim; Tuty Anggraini; N Novelina; Alfi Asben
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v9i2.5382.127-133

Abstract

Salah satu kandungan yang terdapat pada Gambir adalah tanin, tanin memiliki gugus hidroksil dan dapat membentuk senyawa kompleks yang kuat dengan protein. Sifat fenolik dari tanin dapat digunakan sebagai bahan polimer seperti pada pembuatan busa. Busa dapat digunakan sebagai adsorpsi ion logam dan bahan isolasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui interaksi antara perbedaan konsentrasi bubuk gambir dengan dua macam bubuk albumin yang digunakan pada pembuatan busa. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor A adalah jumlah penggunaan bubuk gambir pada pembuatan busa yaitu  16 g (A1), 18 g (A2), 20 g (A3), 22 g (A4), 24 g (A5) untuk setiap perlakuan. Faktor B adalah cara persiapan (preparasi) bubuk albumin yaitu dengan cara pengeringan lapis tipis (B1) dan dengan cara pengembangan busa (B2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai terbaik untuk kerapatan busa diperoleh pada perlakuan A4B1 yaitu 0.09 g/cm3, kekuatan tekan pada perlakuan A4B2 yaitu 4.68 kg/cm2, derajat pengembangan pada perlakuan A4B1 yaitu 53.61%, derajat keasaman pada perlakuan A4B1 yaitu pH 7.04, porositas pada perlakuan A3B2 yaitu 62.03% dan untuk pengamatan dengan menggunakan alat SEM, keseluruhan struktur mikroskopik busa yang dihasilkan adalah mulai dari berpori, agak rapat-sampai sangat rapat, memiliki diameter yang kecil-sangat besar sehingga busa dapat dikategorikan sebagai busa dengan sel tertutup atau busa kaku.ABSTRACTOne of the ingredients contained in Gambier is tannins, tannins have a hydroxyl group and can form strong complex compounds with proteins. The phenolic properties of tannins can be used as polymer materials as in foam making. Foam can be used as an adsorption of metal ions and insulating materials. This study aims to  determined the interaction between different concentration of gambier powder and two kinds of albumin powder to be used in making of foam. This study used Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. Factor A was the amount of gambier powder which was used in the manufacture of foam, there were 16 g (A1), 18 g (A2), 20 g (A3), 22 g (A4), 24 g (A5) for each of treatment. Factor B was the preparation method of albumin, with pan drying (B1) and by foaming drying (B2). The results showed the best value for bulk density is A4B1 (0.09 g/cm3), compressive strength in treatment A4B2 (4.68 kg/cm3), swelling degree in treatment A4B1 (53,61%), acidity (pH) in treatment A4B1 (7.04), porocity in treatment A3B2 (62.03%) and for SEM observations the entire microscopic structure of the foam produced is starting from porous, rather dense to very tight, having a small diameter until large, so that foam can be categorized as foam with rigid foam (closed cells).
Pengujian Kemampuan Daya Samak Cube Black dan Limbah Cair Gambir Terhadap Mutu Kulit Tersamak Gustri Yeni; Dindin Syafruddin; Anwar Kasim
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 6, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (365.568 KB) | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v6i1.1124.73-82

Abstract

Leather tanning industries generally use sintetic tanner such as chrome (Cr+3) which can damage environment. Therefore, it is needed to find environmentally friendly tannery material, one is by using gambier. The aim of this research was to know tannic ability of gambier on goat’s leather and tuna fish. The gambier for tannery material contained high tannin (>70%) namely Cube black and liquid waste from gambier processing. Concentration of tannery material that would be used for tanned was 1 kg. Tanned leather was tested to tannery degree (DP) and physical test included pull strength, elongation, and rip strength, at same treatment compared to chrome tannery. Test results leather tanned showed that, the higher the concentration of tannery material the higher the results of DP, and the physical characteristic was better. Tanned leather from goat that used Cube black gambier concentration at 4% gave DP value approximately equal to chrome tanner (38,45% and 36,60%). For tanned tuna fish gave value of DP were 39,57% and 31,35%. Tannery material of gambier gave value of pull strength, rip strength, and elongation were higher than chrome’s. The value of pull strength of goat’s leather was 730,37 kg cm-2, tuna fish was 353,33 kg cm-2 got from liquid waste tanner. The value of rip strength fof goat’s leather was 353,33 kg cm-2, tuna fish skin 29,96 kg cm-2, and elongation value from tuna fish skin 202,0% was gotten from Cube black gambier. The result of the research showed that tannery material of gambier had tannery characteristic that can replace tanner of chrome.ABSTRAKIndustri penyamakan kulit umumnya menggunakan bahan penyamak sintetis seperti krom (Cr+3) yang dapat merusak lingkungan. Untuk itu, perlu dicari bahan penyamak yang ramah lingkungan, diantaranya menggunakan gambir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya samak gambir terhadap kulit kambing dan ikan tuna. Gambir untuk  bahan penyamak mengandung kadar tanin tinggi (>70%) adalah Cube black dan limbah cair pengolahan gambir. Konsentrasi bahan penyamak yang digunakan dalam perlakuan adalah 2%, 3% dan 4% dengan berat kulit yang akan disamak sebanyak 1 kg. Kulit tersamak diuji terhadap derajat penyamakan (DP) dan uji fisik meliputi kekuatan tarik, kemuluran dan kekuatan sobek. Pada perlakuan yang sama dibandingkan dengan penyamak krom. Hasil uji kulit tersamak menunjukkan makin tinggi konsentrasi bahan penyamak makin tinggi nilai DP dan sifat fisik kulit makin baik. Kulit tersamak dari kambing menggunakan Cube black gambir pada konsentrasi 4% menghasilkan nilai DP mendekati sama dengan penyamak krom (38,45% dan 36,60%). Untuk kulit ikan tuna tersamak menghasilkan nilai DP 39,57% dan 31,35%. Bahan penyamak gambir menghasilkan nilai kekuatan tarik, kekuatan sobek dan kemuluran lebih tinggi dari penyamak krom. Nilai kekuatan tarik kulit kambing 730,37 kg/cm2, ikan tuna 353,33 kg/cm2 diperoleh dari penyamak limbah cair. Nilai kekuatan sobek kulit kambing adalah 353,33 kg/cm2, kulit ikan tuna 29,96 kg/ cm2 dan nilai kemuluran kulit ikan tuna 202,0% diperoleh dari Cube black gambir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahan penyamak gambir memiliki sifat penyamak yang dapat menggantikan penyamak krom.
Characteristics of Tanning Leather Using Gambir on pH 4 and 8 Ardinal Ardinal; Anwar Kasim; Sri Mutiar
Biopropal Industri Vol 4, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (59.533 KB) | DOI: 10.36974/jbi.v4i2.816

Abstract

Tannery production process in Indonesia is still using chromium sulfate or mimosa in general. Gambier (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) extract could be used as material for tanners because it contains tannin. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of tanned leather using gambier solution at pH 4 and 8. Standard tanning method was used which includes the processing of goat leather with salt, acid and then tanned with gambier extracts. Observation of tanned leather refers to the SNI-06-0463-1989-A and ISO 0234:2009. The results showed that characteristics of tanned leather with solution of gambier at pH 4 and 8 respectively i.e.: degrees of tanning 29.87% and 39.55%, tensile strength 279.94 kg/cm2 and 433.85 kg/cm2, leather conditions was limp, light gray colour and yellow, thickness of 0.12 mm and 0.11 mm, and density 0.74 g/cm3 and 0.74 g/cm3. Tanned leather from different pH conditions generally has the same characteristic and meet standards.
Co-Authors Abral, Hairul Adjar Pratoto Adjar Pratoto, Adjar Ahmad Fuadi Aidil Putra, Aidil Akhis Soleh Ismail Alfi Asben Amelia Sari, Dice Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Annisa Putri Anwar, Aswaldi Ardinal Ardinal Ardinal Ardinal Ardinal Ardinal Ardinal Ardinal Ardinal, Ardinal Ariyeti Ariyeti Ariyetti Ariyetti Ariyetti, Ariyetti Arziyah, Dewi Asfarizal Asfarizal Asfarizal Saad Asfarizal Saad Athanasia Amanda Septevani Athanasia Amanda Septevani, Athanasia Amanda Azmi, Ifta Cahyono, Nilam Chaniago , Irawati D. Novia Daimon Syukri Deddi Prima Putra Deivy Andhika Permata Delfiana, Winda Deni Novia Derosya, Vioni Dewi Arziyah Dewi Arziyah Dindin Syafruddin Dini Novita Sari E Efrina Edi Syafri Edi Syafri Emriadi - F Failisnur Fakhruzy Fakhruzy Fakhruzy, Fakhruzy Fauzan Azima Fika, Weni Firman Ridwan Fitriani Kasim Fitriani Kasim Fransiska Angelina G Rezekinta Fransiska Angelina Rezekinta G Gunawarman, G Gunawarman Gustri Yeni Gustri Yeni Harahap, Risda Munarti Rusdy Hasbullah Hasbullah Hasbullah Hasbullah Hazli Nurdin Helsa Marda S.R Heni Pujiastuti Herwin Gevin Ichiura, Hideaki Ilham Syukri Erdiman Ilyas, R.A Inda Three Anova Irawati Chaniago Isril Berd Janwaris Pinem Janwaris Pinem, Janwaris Jeany Ristia Jhoni Heni Helvandari Junaidi - - Kurnia Harlina Dewi Kurnia Harlina Dewi Laksono Trisnantoro Lenny Marlina, Lenny Lisa Yusmita Lisa Yusmita Lisa Yusmita, Lisa Mahardika, Melbi Malrianti, Yefsi Malse Anggia Maryam, Maryam Melbi Mahardika Melbi Mahardika Melbi Mahardika Mochamad Asrofi Mochamad Asrofi Muhammad Arwani Munzir Busniah Mutiar, Sri Nazar, Armenia Neswati Neswati Netty Sri Indeswari Netty Sri Indeswari Nguyen Ngoc Anh Thu Nilam Cahyono Nofriady Handra, Nofriady Novelina Novizar Nazir Novizar Novizar Pandu Imam Pirma, Dio Sandhika Putri, Rizky Astricia Razi, Ramadhani Ar Reno Irwanto Rezekinta, Angelina Rezekinta, Fransiska Angelina Rilma Novita Rina Yenrina Rini B Rini Bahar Rini Rini RINI RINI Rini Rini Ririn Fatma Nanda Ristia, Jeany Robbani, Syifa Rozalia Rozalia Ruby Afrizon Ruri Wijayanti Sahadi Didi Ismanto Salmariza Salmariza Salmariza, Salmariza Samosir, Joni Frengki Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Sayuti, Kesuma Sir Anderson Sirait, Nofita Chintya Sri Mutiar Sri Mutiar Sri mutiar Sri Mutiar Sri Mutiar Sri Mutiar, Sri Sub’han, Yoli Sudirman Sudirman Surini Siswarjono Syafira, Salsabila Putri Syafri, Edi Syafruddin, Dindin Syahrani, Nia Syukri Arief Tuty Anggraini Wahyudi David Wahyudi David Weni Fika Wijaya, Mike Yaswan, Rendri Yeni, Gustri Yoli Sub’han Yoserizal Yoserizal Yulhendri Yulhendri Yumarni Yumarni Yusniwati Yusniwati