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LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CONSUMERS IN ONLINE SALES TRANSACTIONS: A REVIEW FROM THE INDONESIAN CIVIL CODE Muhammad Habib Husin; Indah Puja Claudia Damanik; Bartolomeus Marulitua Simanjorang; Viona Francesca Purba; Rama Rizky Septienda Saragih; Dandi Abram Situmorang; Parlaungan Gabriel Siahaan; Sri Hadiningrum
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 4 (2024): Tema Hukum Perdata
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This research discusses legal protection for consumers in online buying and selling transactions using a normative juridical approach. Through analysis of legal sources, legislation, relevant literature, and transaction data from e-commerce platforms, this study highlights various issues faced by consumers in the e-commerce context, such as product discrepancies, fraud, dispute resolution difficulties, and data security issues. The research also explores the role of the Civil Code (KUH Perdata) and other relevant regulations in providing a framework to protect consumer rights. In the context of breach of contract, the study shows that consumers have rights guaranteed by law to receive compensation if they are affected by a seller's breach of contract. However, challenges such as difficulties in enforcing consumer rights across different jurisdictions remain an issue to be addressed. This research emphasizes the importance of solutions such as cross-border cooperation and online alternative dispute resolution systems in enhancing consumer protection. Keywords: Consumer, Legal Protection, Online Buying and Selling Transactions, Civil Code, Regulation
PENGARUH PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DI KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 26 MEDAN Agnes Sitanggang; Surya Dharma; Sri Hadiningrum; Oksari Sihaloho; Fazli Rachman
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 10 No. 04 (2025): Volume 10 No. 04 Desember 2025 Published
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v10i04.36374

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of differentiated learning on student learning outcomes in Pancasila Education in grade VII at SMP Negeri 26 Medan. This study was conducted based on the low learning outcomes of students, as indicated by the large number of students who did not meet the minimum passing grade (KKM), as well as the learning process that was still dominated by conventional methods without considering differences in learning styles, interests, and readiness of students. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a Pre-test-Post-test Control Group Design, involving 64 students consisting of class VII-E as the experimental class and class VII-H as the control class. The experimental class was given treatment in the form of differentiated learning that accommodated the readiness, interests, and learning profiles of students, while the control class was taught using conventional learning. The research instrument was a learning outcome test administered before and after the treatment. The data were analyzed using normality, homogeneity, Paired Sample T-Test, and Independent Sample T-Test tests with the help of the SPSS 25 program. The results showed a significant increase in the learning outcomes of the experimental class, with the average score increasing from 70.72 to 84.91 after the implementation of differentiated learning. Meanwhile, the control class only experienced a small increase from 69.38 to 70.03, or 0.65 points. The Paired Sample T-Test results showed Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores in the experimental class. The Independent Sample T-Test also produced a Sig. value of 0.000 < 0.05, with a posttest average difference of 14.88 points between the two classes, proving that differentiated learning has a significant effect on student learning outcomes. It can be concluded that the application of differentiated learning is ffective in improving Pancasila Education learning outcomes while creating an adaptive and student-centered learning process.
Co-Authors Adelina Aritonang Adelina Sitanggang Adeline Pastika Muham Agnes Sitanggang Alissa P Simbolon Amanda Riniaty Amelia Situmorang Ardawani Hutasoit Arief Wahyudi Bartolomeus Marulitua Simanjorang Bayu Adrian Bella Ayu Anzalia Boy Dippu Tua Simbolon Dahlianatalia Lumban Gaol Dandi Abram Situmorang Dandy Geofani Silaban Daniel R. Sihite Denni Iwan Permata Saragih Deo Agung Haganta Barus Desriani Ronay Fiona Purba Devi Permata Br Bangun Dina Miranda Tarihoran Donna Jesika Gulo Eirene Dahlia Sidabutar Eka Putriani Sihombing Eko Sinaga Esra Natasya Sitepu Eunike Br. Simanjuntak Fani Nolpiana Nadapdap Fany Maysarah Sitohang Farhan Azra Hasibuan Fariz Aditya Fazli Rachman Fazli Rachman Febby Oktavia Br. Tarigan Febrianti Hutagalung Feby Adelia Parhusip Friska Lorentina Purba Grace Michael Sihombing Helen Meliana R Hutajulu Hissah Kristina Marbun Ida Nurjana Tamba Indah Puja Claudia Damanik Ira Sandika Ira Yenita Malau Irna Sri Talenta Isnaniah Isnaniah Ivanna, Julia Iwain O. Nababan Jekson Saragih Joy Prana Bangun Lala Anggina Salsabila Laras Sati Sintania Lastri Siregar Lina Hutabarat Majda El Muhtaj Mantasia Hasibuan Manullang, Manogu Mitra P Margaret Pangaribuan Martua Felix Jonathan Mhd.Ilham Hidayat Rastami Mira Cahya Muhammad Fahmi Siregar Muhammad Habib Husin Muhammad Yoga Pratama Nasywa Yasmin Purba Nazlah Aulia Nur Hidayah Hasibuan Nur Jannah Nur Wida Yani Nurul Febriyani Harahap Oksari Sihaloho Parlaungan Gabriel Siahaan Pebryna Riosa Siburian Poliman Padang Prayetno Prayetno PUTRI HANDAYANI Putri Widia Ningsih Putri Yohana Damanik Rahmat Fitra Rahmi Siregar Rama Rizky Septienda Saragih Ramadani Shohiro Hasibuan Reh Bungana Beru Perangin-angin Rian T R Simanjuntak Richa Yohana Rinnauli Saragih Rizal Sanusi Hasibuan Rizkika Kartadinata Siahaan Rizky Khairani Br. Ginting Rohma Safitri Rose Venerius Sirait Ruth Yesika Siahaan Samuel Sihite Santiana Siboro Saragih, Theresia Seevaira Chyta Simanullang Septian Arjuanda Putra Simatupang Siti Anisah Nasution Sondang Ruth Lovenia Sinaga Sri Yunita Stefy Margaretha Stevanie Febiola Tampubolon Sugiharto Sugiharto Sulastri Krisdayanti Sinambela Surya Dharma Syarifa Aini Syifa Lailia Syifa Lailia Tasya Br Marbun Tawarika M. Pandiangan Tegar Haykal Parapat Tessa Lonika Simanullang Tri Mei Rosalya Purba Vinolya Lidevia Br Manik Viona Francesca Purba Wida Bonor Gultom Widya Helen A. Purba Winda Arisandi Situmorang Yusna Melianti Zoan Gaharu Parangin-Angin