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Journal : The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences (JELS)

The Morphological Characters of The Malayan Pit Viper Calloselasma rhodostoma (Kuhl, 1824): on The Cephalic Scalation and Distribution Status in Indonesia Ahmad Muammar Kadafi; Amir Hamidy; Nia Kurniawan
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1346.095 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2018.008.03.10

Abstract

The examination on variations of morphological characters among 35 specimens of Calloselasma rhodostoma (Kuhl, 1824) from four different populations in Indonesia has been completed in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyzes allowed us to recognize the clustering of four populations through morphological diagnosis. The results of the average body size (Total Length) showed that the largest male is from Kangean Island (579.33 mm), while the largest female is from Java (841.07 mm). Comparison of meristic analysis represented three clusters from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) which is considered to be independent population. Here we also described three types of cephalic scalation variation that called small accessories scales and their distribution in Indonesia.  Keywords: C. rhodostoma, Indonesia, Meristic, Morphometry, Viperidae.
Minnow Trap Color Effectiveness Test Using Cat Food Bait as Aquatic Sampling Gear on Diurnal Fish in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir, Cental Java, Indonesia Adityas Arifianto; Elsa Mufti; Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra; Nia Kurniawan
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2021.011.01.04

Abstract

The Minnow Trap is a simple sampling gear, efficient, easy to operate, affordable, easy to make, and has been used in research in the fisheries and aquatic ecology for more than 90 years. The brightness, color, and visual obstruction of fishing gear or fish traps affect the behavioral response of target fish, considering that each fish has a specific level of color sensitivity. The color effectiveness test of fishing gear is an important prerequisite for the use of sampling tools, and it needs to be evaluated to understand the gear performance and avoid potential sampling bias. The purpose of this study was to test the color effect of the minnow trap on diurnal fish in the Gajah Mungkur Reservoir waters. The research was carried out in Gajah Mungkur Reservoir, Wonogiri Regency, at two stations. The sampling conducted at 09.00 - 11.00 and 13.00 - 15.00 Indonesian West Time, where the initial survey is estimated to be the highest time for diurnal fish activity. The minnow trap used in this study is four colors vinyl-painted double funnel cylindrical minnow trap with a 5x5 millimeter mesh size and a conventional umbrella minnow trap used as control. The sampling results are then recorded on the datasheet and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. CPUE (Catch Per Effort Unit) of each unit is then calculated and statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test through SPSS 25.0 software. The test result of five unit minnow traps from 40 installations and two hours of deployment time, 80 individuals were captured, consisted of seven species of freshwater fish. CPUE values ranking consecutively from the highest from silver units (1.375), black (1.25), green (1.125), red (0.9375), and control (0.3125). The Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed that all tested units do not have a significant difference. Keywords: Color, catch per unit effort, fish, minnow trap.
Identification of Microplastics in The Outer Ambon Bay, Mollucas Lekatompessy, Vanela Chatrin; Marhendra, Agung Pramana Warih; Kurniawan, Nia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2024.014.02.02

Abstract

Marine plastic debris that enters the sea can be fragmented by physical and chemical factors, then float in the water column or accumulate in sediments, which have the potential to be ingested by marine biota, causing digestive system disorders, fecundity, eating capacity, reproduction, and death. This study aimed to identify the accumulation of microplastics in water and sediments in Outer Ambon Bay using a purposive sampling method and descriptive analysis for data related to microplastics' type, color, and size, as well as follow-up tests of the least significant difference. The results show that the waters of Outer Ambon Bay have been polluted by microplastics. The number of microplastic particles found in water samples at three different depths (0, 50, and 100 cm) was 201 particles L-1, and in sediment samples, it was 325 particles g-1. It is supported by the fact that the type of fiber has a thin shape and size and can float on the surface of the water and by the existence of beaches where there are fishing activities, boat ports, rivers, and densely populated areas, as well as sandy and muddy sediments that can trap more microplastics during the tidal period. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the waste problem in the waters of Ambon Bay. Keywords: Identification, Marine Pollution, Microplastics, Outer Ambon Bay.
Assessing the Genotoxicity Effect of a Commercial Chlorpyrifos Formulation in Fejervarya limnocharis Tadpoles (Anura: Dicroglossidae) Under Acute and Chronic Exposure Ramadani, Shima; Marhendra, Agung Pramana Warih; Kurniawan, Nia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2022.012.01.02

Abstract

The potential for genotoxicity of pesticides is currently one of the world's concerns. Chlorpyrifos is the organophosphate active ingredient with the largest sales, but the potential for genotoxicity in amphibians is still not widely known. The purpose of this study was to assess the genotoxicity effect of a commercial chlorpyrifos formulation Dursban 200EC in F. limnocharis tadpole erythrocyte (Anura: Dicroglossidae) under acute and chronic exposure using by micronucleus assay. Acute and chronic toxicity tests consisted of negative control, positive control, and 0.4, 0.8, and 1 µg.L-1 of chlorpyrifos with three replications. A toxicity test was carried out on ten tadpoles (Gosner 25) from artificial reproductions in each treatment. The results showed that the formulation of Dursban 200EC in low concentrations (0.4 µg l-1) had the potential to induce DNA damage in erythrocytes of F. limnocharis tadpoles, and there was a positive correlation between chlorpyrifos concentrations and an increase in the frequency of MN. Erythrocytes exposed to chlorpyrifos in both acute and chronic treatment had significantly different MN frequencies between negative and positive controls, 0.4, 0.8, and 1 µg.L-1 (p<0.01). Meanwhile, positive controls were not significantly different from 1 µg.L-1 ( p>0.05). However, the increase in the frequency of MN in chronic treatment was almost twice as high.
Morphological Variation of Asian Small Lizards genus Tytthoscincus Linkem, Diesmos & Brown (Squamata : Scincidae) in Indonesia Firmansyah, Richo; Riyanto, Awal; Kurniawan, Nia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.05

Abstract

Morphological variations in species with a relatively broad distribution, including the genus Tytthosincus, were likely a result of island isolation. This research was conducted to map the morphological variations of the genus Tytthoscincus in Indonesia. A total of 32 specimens of the Tytthoscincus scientific collection in the Zoologicum Bogoriense Museum (MZB) - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and identified as T. temmincki, T. textus, and T. parvus have been examined and data collection which includes six morphometric characters and 12 meristic characters. Morphometric data were analyzed in univariate and multivariate. Univariate analysis was carried out by the Kruskal-Wallis test, while multivariate analysis was done with the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) test. The results showed morphology in T. temmincki and T. textus, namely the number of loreal scales and tympanum diameter. Both T. temmincki and T. textus consist of two groups, but the morphological variation in T. temmincki and T. textus in this study has yet to provide certainty as a different species. However, one was T. textus Type 2, isolated from other species on Jampea Island, Sulawesi. Further research was needed to clarify the taxonomic status of these variations by increasing the number of adequate samples supported by the molecular analysis approach. Keywords: meristic, morphometric, species, Tytthoscincus, variation.
Corrigendum: Morphological Variation of Asian Small Lizards Genus Tytthoscincus Linkem, Diesmos & Brown (Squamata : Scincidae) in Indonesia Firmansyah, Richo; Riyanto, Awal; Kurniawan, Nia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.10

Abstract

CORRIGENDUM.
Phylogenetic Inference on Limnonectes kuhlii Complex in Java and Sumatra Reveals Significant Novel Diversity Fahmi, Muhamad; Kadafi, Ahmad Muammar; Priambodo, Bagus; Fauzi, Muhammad Alif; Hamidy, Amir; Firdaus, Anggun Sausan; Smith, Eric Nelson; Kurniawan, Nia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.03.02

Abstract

The fanged frog, Limnonectes kuhlii, exemplifies the complexity of cryptic species. Though originally described from Java, subsequent studies indicate that L. kuhlii encompasses multiple lineages, suggesting the presence of several undescribed species. Suspecting the existence of multiple undescribed species within the L. kuhlii complex in Sumatra, we collected 17 specimens from Java and Sumatra. We extracted the 12S, tRNAval, and 16S mitochondrial DNA from these specimens for phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods and for estimating time divergence. Our findings uncovered two novel diversity within the L. kuhlii complex both in Sumatra and Java. Furthermore, our estimation of time divergence suggests that the diversification of L. kuhlii in Java and Sumatra was influenced by geological and climatic events, including landmass emergence and sea-level fluctuations. In conclusion, our research provides critical insights into the evolutionary complexity and diversity of the L. kuhlii complex in Sumatra and Java. While our molecular evidence suggests novel diversity, further comprehensive morphological studies are imperative to confirm and describe these potential new species. Furthermore, additional sampling across its range and deeper investigations integrating both molecular and morphological data are crucial. Keywords: fanged frogs, Limnonectes kuhlii, Limnonectes sisikdagu, phylogenetics.
Effectiveness of Extract Supplements (Apium graveolens L.) to Estrogen Receptors Expression and Oocyte Diameter at Nucleolar Chromatin and Perinucleolar Stages in Female of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Rikardo, Novy Kurnia; Marhendra, Agung Pramana Warih; Kurniawan, Nia; Riawan, Wibi; Rahayu, Sri
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.03.03

Abstract

The study of the use of celery (Apium graveolens L.) in the health sector has been widely discussed. The analysis of the use of celery in the process of oocyte development still needs to be addressed. This study was conducted to see the effect of celery extract on the expression of estrogen receptors on the gonads and oocyte diameter in tilapia for the first time. Fish are divided into four groups: P0 = Control treatment, feed without mixture; P1 = Treatment with celery extract concentration of 2,000 mg.kg-1 of feed; P2 = Treatment with celery extract concentration of 4,000 mg.kg-1 of feed; P3 = Treatment with celery extract concentration of 6,000 mg.kg-1 of feed. The results showed celery extracts expressed estrogen receptors on the gonads. The expressed estrogen receptor is the estrogen receptor β, whereas the estrogen receptor α is not detected in the gonad. Group statistical tests ANOVA showed no significant results in the development of oocytes. On the other hand, celery extract also impacted the development of oocytes at the nucleolar stage of chromatin, with a markedly greater oocyte diameter. Meanwhile, in the perinucleolar stage, celery extract reduces the oocyte diameter. Keywords: Apium graveolens L, ERα, ERβ, nucleolar chromatin, perinucleolar.
Co-Authors Abdullah Abdullah Achmad Dadang Burhanuddin Adityas Arifianto Agung Pramana W.M Agung Pramana W.M Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra, Agung Pramana Warih Agung S. Kurnianto Agung Sih Kurnianto Agung Sih Kurnianto Agung Sih Kurnianto Agus Nurrofik Agus Suryanto Aguung Sih Kurnianto Ahmad Muammar Kadafi Alvionita, Cicin Vinolia Amin Setyo Leksono Amir Hamidy AMIR HAMIDY Andri Maulidi Andri Maulidi Andyni, Regina Shania Anggun Sausan Firdaus Aninnas, Afina Ardiansyah, Franky Ardiantoro, Ari Ardyah Ramadhina Irsanti Putri Arief Sugiharto Arifianto, Adityas Asmaul Khusnah Asmaul Khusnah Assiddiqy, Miftah Farid Azrianingzih, Rodiyati Azrianingzih, Rodliyati Badiul Ulum Badiul Ulum Bagus Priambodo Bagyo Yanuwiadi Bayu Hendra Prakosa Catur Retnaningdyah Darojat, Annisa Zakiyah Dinana, Ichda Arini Djong Hon Tjong Dwi Anggorowati Rahayu Eldi Mulyana, Eldi Elsa Mufti Endik Deni Nugroho Estri Laras Arumingtyas Fahmi, Muhamad Faldy Alifianto fatchiyah . Fauzi, Muhammad Alif Firdaus, Anggun Sausan Firmansyah, Richo Fitra Arya Dwi Nugraha Fitra Arya Dwi Nugraha Franky Ardiansyah Gigih Setia Wibawa Haryanti Haryanti Haryono Haryono Herlin Aprilia Kartini Herlin Aprilia Kartini Hermanto, Feri Eko Imti Yazil Wafa Karina hanum wardany Karina hanum wardany Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono Kholilah, Tsaniyah Nur Kurnianingsih, Nia Kurnianto, Aguung Sih Lekatompessy, Vanela Chatrin Lingga Nugraha Luchman Hakim Lutfita Fitriana Lutviyana Rahman Lutviyana Rahman Maharani, Tri Mahmudul Hasan, Mahmudul Maisuroh, Dalilatul Masayuki Sumida, Masayuki Mohamad Nasirudin Muhammad Fathoni, Muhammad Mumpuni Mumpuni Narwasthu, Sekararum Nashi Widodo Nobukazu Nakagoshi Nopharipaldi Rohman, Slamet Nugraha, Yopi Nugroho, Agung Nurrofik, Agus Prabasari, Kartika Pramudya, Muhammad Alif Imam Putri Ramadhani, Putri Putri, Nenis Try Melani Putri, Siti Aqila Kharisma Qothrun Izza Qothrun Izza Ramadani, Shima Rijalullah, Muhammad Asyraf Rikardo, Novy Kurnia Riyanto, Awal Robiatul Adawiyah Rodiyati Azrianingsih Rosyada, Nabila Nur Rosyadah, Nuraini Rudi Candra Aditama Rudi Candra Aditama Septiadi, Luhur Shahroni, Abdul Mutholib Smith, Eric Nelson SRI RAHAYU Sugiharto, Arief Suharjono, Suharjono Suparno, Kelik Supriyatna, Asep Takeshi Igawa, Takeshi Tesri Maideliza Tetep Tri Maharani Triani Widyanti, Triani Vendy Adrinanda Vendy Adrinanda Wibi Riawan Widodo Widodo Widyananda, Muhammad Hermawan Zain, Dhiyaa Syahlaa Bianca Febrinnisa