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All Journal AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS Bawal : Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap
Indri Manembu
Sam Ratulangi University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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Integrated Ecological and Socio-Economic Assessment for Sustainable Marine Ecotourism Development in Lihaga Island: An Ecosystem Service-Based Approach Manembu, Indri Shelovita; Mamangkey, Noldy G.F.; Manengkey, Hermanto W.K.; Rembet, Unstain N.W.J.; Rondonuwu, Ari B.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.66733

Abstract

Lihaga Island, positioned within Indonesia's Likupang Special Economic Zone, exemplifies the challenge of balancing tourism development with ecosystem conservation. This study integrates ecological and socio-economic assessments to inform sustainable management of marine ecotourism. Ecological data were collected using the Line Intercept Transect method across three stations at 3- and 10-meter depths. Results revealed a mean hard coral cover of 30.63%, which is classified as moderate according to the Indonesian Ministry of Environment Decree No. 4/2001, though significant spatial variation was observed across stations. Thirty-four coral genera were identified, dominated by Porites (36.12%). The Tourism Suitability Index scored 62%, indicating conditional suitability for diving and snorkeling. Community surveys (n=60) demonstrated overwhelming support for ecotourism (90% positive), with all respondents expressing interest in tourism village programs. However, 40% lacked tourism experience, indicating a need for capacity building. Findings reveal that sustainable development requires integrated spatial zoning, community empowerment, reef restoration, and monitoring systems. This research contributes integrated assessment frameworks for ecotourism in Indonesian Special Economic Zones and provides actionable recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders. Keywords: coral reef assessment, ecosystem services, marine ecotourism, sustainable tourism  
Ecological Analysis of Megabenthos in Coral Reef Ecosystems of The Waters Surrounding Bahoi Village, North Minahasa Regency Grathia Charity; Manembu, Indri S.; Mamangkey, N. Gustaf F.; Rumengan, Antonius P.; Boneka, Farnis B.; Tilaar, Sandra O.
JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jplt.14.1.2026.65927

Abstract

Megabenthos are a group of organisms larger than 1 cm that inhabit the seafloor and are sensitive to environmental changes. Information regarding megabenthos in Bahoi Village has not yet been published; therefore, this study was conducted to fill the data gap related to benthic community structure in the area. Data were collected at three stations representing different levels of ecological pressure using the Benthos Belt Transect  method, with a transect length of 70 m and an observation width of 2 m, resulting in a total surveyed area of 140 m² per station. Target megabenthos recorded included Diadema spp., Linckia laevigata, Tridacninae, and Drupella cornus. Based on the analysis, Station 1 (near settlement and non-MPA) showed densities of Diadema spp. of 2.11 ind/m², Linckia laevigata of 0.04 ind/m², Tridacninae of 0.03 ind/m², and Drupella cornus of 0.07 ind/m², with H’ = 0.29, C = 0.88, and E = 0.2. Station 2 (MPA) recorded densities of Diadema spp. of 0.007 ind/m², Linckia laevigata of 0.029 ind/m², Tridacninae of 0.014 ind/m², and Drupella cornus of 0.014 ind/m², with H’ = 1.27, C = 0.30, and E = 0.9. Station 3 (far from settlement and non-MPA) showed densities of Linckia laevigata of 0.19 ind/m² and Diadema spp. of 0.07 ind/m², with H’ = 0.58, C = 0.61, and E = 0.8. The patterns of ecological indices indicate a strong relationship between the intensity of human intervention and habitat characteristics in determining the stability of megabenthic communities. Keywords: megabenthos, coral reefs, community, benthos belt transect, Bahoi Village   Abstrak Megabentos merupakan kelompok organisme yang hidup di dasar laut dan berukuran lebih dari 1 cm yang sensitif terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Informasi mengenai megabentos di Desa Bahoi hingga kini belum dipublikasikan sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisi kesenjangan data terkait struktur komunitas bentik di wilayah tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tiga stasiun yang mewakili perbedaan tingkat tekanan ekologis menggunakan metode Benthos Belt Transect sepanjang 70 m dengan lebar pengamatan 2 m sehingga total area pengamatan 140 m² per stasiun. Megabentos target yang ditemukan meliputi Diadema spp., Linckia laevigata, Tridacninae, dan Drupella cornus. Berdasarkan analisis data, Stasiun 1 (dekat permukiman & non-DPL) memiliki kepadatan Diadema spp. sebesar 2,11 ind/m², Linckia laevigata sebesar 0,04 ind/m², Tridacninae sebesar 0,03 ind/m² dan Drupella cornus sebesar 0,07 ind/m² dengan H’=0,29, C=0,88, dan E=0,2. Stasiun 2 (DPL) memiliki kepadatan Diadema spp. sebesar 0,007 ind/m², Linckia laevigata sebesar 0,029 ind/m², Tridacninae sebesar 0,014 ind/m² dan Drupella cornus sebesar 0,014 ind/m² dengan H’=1,27, C=0,3 dan E=0,9. Stasiun 3 (jauh dari permukiman & non-DPL) memiliki kepadatan Linckia laevigata sebesar 0,19 ind/m² serta Diadema spp. sebesar 0,07 ind/m² dengan H’=0,58, C=0,61 dan E=0,8. Pola indeks ekologi menunjukkan hubungan kuat antara tingkat tekanan intervensi manusia dan karakteristik habitat terhadap stabilitas komunitas megabentos. Kata kunci: megabentos, terumbu karang, komunitas, benthos belt transect, Desa Bahoi
Identification and Density of Bivalves on Coral Reef Flats in The Water of Mandolang and Malalayang, North Sulawesi Lolaro, Wildy; Ompi, Medy; Manembu, Indri; Djamaludin, Rignolda; Roeroe, Kakaskasen; Rimper, Joice
JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jplt.14.1.2026.66011

Abstract

The research problems addressed in this study were what species of bivalve and what densities each species of bivalves inhabit on the coral reef flats both  Mandolang and Malalayang, North Sulawesi. This study aimed to identify the species of bivalves and the species density of bivalves.  Data were collected using a belt transect method measuring 20 m in length and 1 m in width on both the left and right sides of the transect line at a depth of 3 m. Three belt transects as replicates were deployed at each site of coral reef.  All specimens of bivalves encountered were documented and identified, and species density values were subsequently calculated. The results revealed four bivalve species, namely Tridacna maxima, Tridacna crocea, Ruditapes philippinarum, and Barbatia barbata. T. crocea, T. maxima, and R. philippinarum were identified only in Mandolang, whereas R. philippinarum, B. barbata, and T. crocea were identified in Malalayang. Furthermore, R. philippinarum and T. crocea were found in both Mandolang and Malalayang. Bivalve density in Mandolang varied among species, with T. crocea at 2.67 ind/40 m² (0.07 ind/m²), T. maxima at 1.33 ind/40 m² (0.03 ind/m²), and R. philippinarum at 0.67 ind/40 m² (0.02 ind/m²). Similarly, in Malalayang waters, R. philippinarum showed the highest density at 10.33 ind/40 m² (0.26 ind/m²), while B. barbata and T. crocea exhibited the same average density of 1.33 ind/40 m² (0.03 ind/m²). Key words: Bivalves, Density, Coral reef, Mandolang, Malalayang   Abstrak Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apa saja jenis- jenis bivalva yang menempati habitat terumbu karang di Perairan Mandolang dan Malalayang, Sulawesi Utara, dan bagaimana kepadatan jenis-jenis bivalvia di perairan Mandolang dan Malalayang Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis bivalva yang menempati substrat karang serta mengetahui kepada jenis-jenis bivalva yang menempati rataan karang di Mandolang dan Malalayang Sulawesi Utara. Metode pengambilan data menggunankan belt transect sepanjang 20m dengan lebar 1m ke kiri dan 1m ke kanan garis transek pada ke dalaman 3 meter. Tiga ‘belt transek’ sebagai ulangan telah digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel di setiap rataan karang ini.  Sampel yang ditemukan didokumentasikan dan diidentifikasi, kemudian nilai kepadatan jenis bivalvia dihitung.  Hasil penelitian terdapat empat jenis bivalvia, yaitu T. maxima, T. crocea, Ruditapes philippinarum, dan  Barbatia barbata.  T. crocea, T. maxima, Ruditapes philippinarum teridentifikasi hanya di Mandolang, sedangkan Ruditapes philippinarum, Barbatia barbata, T. crocea teridentifikasi hanya di Malayang.  Ruditapes philippinarum, dan T. crocea teridentifikasi baik di Mandolang dan Malalayang.  Kepadatan bivalvia pada perairan Mandolang bervariasi menurut jenis, yaitu T. crocea (2,67 ind/40m2) atau 0,07 ind./m2, T. maxima (1,33 ind/40m2) atau 0,03 ind./ m2, dan Ruditapes philippinarum 0,67 ind/40m2 atau 0,02ind./ m2), demikian pula dengan yang di Malalayang, yaitu: Ruditapes philippinarum dengan 10,33 ind/40m2, atau 0,26 ind./m2, selanjutnya masing jenis memiliki kepadatan rata-rata yang sama, yaitu Barbatia barbata dan T. crocea dengan 1,33 ind./40m2, atau 0,03 ind./ m2. Kata kunci: Bivalvia, Kepadatan, Terumbu karang, Mandolang, Malalayang
Co-Authors Alex D. Kambey Alfret Luasunaung Antonius P. Rumengan Ari B Rondonuwu, Ari B Ari B. Rondonuwu Arunde, Preti Azani, Audia Azizah Billy Theodorus Wagey Calvyn F. A. Sondak, Calvyn F. A. Carolus Paulus Paruntu Coloay, Clive Griffen D Bengen Darmono, Oktaviano P. Darwasito, Suria Daryanto, Adityas Andrew Deiske Adeliene Sumilat, Deiske Adeliene Dien, Heffry Veibert Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen dumas, Davis Wijaksana Extrada Edwin D Ngangi Ekel, Jouvan Randy Elvy L. Ginting, Elvy L. Erly Kaligis Erly Y. Kaligis, Erly Y. F Yulinda Farnis B. Boneka Farnis Boneka Fauzanabri, Renno Ferdinan Yulianda Ferdinand Frans Tilaar Ginting, Elvy Like Grathia Charity Grevo S Gerung Gustaf Mamangkey Hermanto W. K. Manengkey Inneke F. M Rumengan Janny D Kusen Jardie A. Andaki Joice R.T.S.L Rimper Joshian N.W. Schaduw Kalebos, Roosa C. Kambey, Alex Kamuntuan, Reffando Alfaro Fabio Fabien Khristin I. F. Kondoy, Khristin I. F. Kumampung, Deslie L.A Adrianto Lalamentik, Laurentius Th. X. Laliboso, Jurwin A. Lawrence J. L. Lumingas Lenak, Maria Magdalena Lintang, Rosita Anggreiny J Lolaro, Wildy Losu, Anggun Luasunaung, Alfrets Luky Adrianto Lumingas, Aaron R. T. Luturkey, Maureen Fenesya Makapedua, Daisy M. Malinggas, Christin R.M Mamangkey, Noldy G.F Mamangkey, Noldy G.F. Mandagi, Stephanus Vianny Mandei, Kania F.A. Manengkey, Hermanto W. K Manengkey, Hermanto W.K. Manengkey, Hermanto Wem Kling Mangindaan, Remy Manopo, Victoria E. N. Mantiri, Desy M. H Mantiri, Rose Manu, Lusia Markus T. Lasut Maryen, Yakob Oskar Maxs, Marten Medy Ompi N. Gustaf F. Mamangkey Natalie D Rumampuk Naung, Pelia Nickson J. Kawung, Nickson J. Ode Mantra, Syahrun Oli, Aris Putra Pratiwi, Utary Purba, Dhebby Rangan, Jety K. Ridwan Lasabuda Rignolda Djamaluddin Rignolda Djamaludin Robert A. Bara Roeroe, Kakaskasen Andreas Roeroe, Wailan Rumampuk, Natalie Detty Rumengan, Antonius Petrus Sagai, Bonnke Sambali, Hariyani Sandra Tilaar Silvana Dinaintang Harikedua Sinjal, Cathrien A. L Sinjal, Chatrien A. L Siti Suhaeni, Siti Stenly Wullur Stephanus V Mandagi Sumilat, Deiske Adeleine Suzanne L Undap Takarendehang, Roberto Tampanguma, Biondi Unstain N. W. J. Rembet, Unstain N. W. J. Unstain N.W.J. Rembet Veibe Warouw Yogo Pamungkas, Yogo