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All Journal journal of internal medicine Microbiology Indonesia Folia Medica Indonesiana Jurnal NERS Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Narra J Jurnal Natural

Nasronudin Nasronudin

Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya. Indonesian-Japan Collaborative Research Center For Emerging And Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute Of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya.

Author-ID : 328572

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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ANALYSIS ON WHOLE BLOOD, SGOT, SGPT, AND TNF-a EXAMINATION IN PATIENTS WITH NON-DENGUE AND POSITIVE DENGUE FEVER (DF/DHF) Anggraini, Rahayu; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 4 No. 4 (2013)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Background: In Indonesia has four serotypes, the DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4. The management of Dengue virus becomes difficult because the patients were infected with different clinical profiles depending on the serotypes and genotypes of infecting dengue virus. Consequently, the diagnosis and treatment becomes difficult. Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the difference between the results of laboratory tests between non-dengue fever and positive dengue fever. Method: This study was an observational cross-sectional study. Fifteen samples were diagnosed with dengue fever and fifteen samples with negative dengue fever on NS1, IgM / IgG-anti-DHF strip test results. Laboratory tests comprising whole blood, SGOT, SGPT, and TNFa were first examined when the patient came to the hospital. The collected data were analyzed by Chi-Square test SPSS version 13 for Windows. Result: The results of the study in two groups regarding sex, age, days of fever, grade, hemoglobin levels, leukocytes count, platelet count, hematocrit percentage, SGOT levels, and TNFa level were not significantly different with p > 0.050, whereas the SGPT level in non-dengue increased 3 x of normal value of 66.7%, n = 10/15 and in positive dengue fever the SGPT level was within normal limits, found in 60%, n = 9/15, so there was significant difference with p = 0.022 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: in non-dengue SGOT and SGPT levels increased of 1–3 times the normal value. In positive dengue fever SGOT levels increased 1–3 x normal value, but SGPT levels was within normal value, so SGPT levels can be used as a predictive factor for distinguishing the two types of fever.

MANIFESTATION OF AIDS WITH DIARRHEA Zainuddin, Rahmat; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Infectious diseases HIV/AIDS is a global health problem. According to WHO (2000) reported that 58 million people in the world are infected with HIV, within the 22 million people died from AIDS or 7000 people die every day. HIV Infection caused decrease and disorder of humoral and cellular immunity. Intestinal mucosal normally shows a physiologic inflamation that account for intestinal mucosal integrity. Diarhhea in HIV infection due to immune deficiency can caused by pathogen and non pathogen. Acute and chronic diarrhea usually found in HIV infection patient, the latter is more frequent. HIV enteropathy cause chronic diarrhea without pathogen infection because intestinal mucous damage by HIV direct infection. Treatment is characterized as causative supportive and symptomatic treatment causal, supportive and Symptomatic. Immunonutrient is very important within management patient HIV/AIDS.

BACTERIA CAUSED SEPSIS BIOMARKERS Tjempakasari, Artaria; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Sepsis is a clinical condition of patients with serious infections that show a systemic inflammatory response, with or without a positive blood culture. sepsis is one of the most frequent causes of death in patients in intensive care units. We are at urgent need for biomarkers and reliable measurements that can be applied to risk stratification of septic patients and that would easily identify those patients at the highest risk of a poor outcome. Such markers would be of fundamental importance to decision making for early intervention therapy. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-ï¡ (TNF- ï¡), interleukins-1,-6,-8 (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) are postulated to play a major role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are among a few biomarkers thatincorporated into clinical practice although their precise role in the pathopysiology of sepsis and organ dysfunction still unclear.

A PATIENT DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH SPASMS Kholili, Ulfa; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Indonesia is one of the countries with the high endemic of Dengue viral infection followed by Thailand, Myanmar, India and Srilanka. For more 10-15 years, Dengue Viral Infection/DHF has become a cause of patient who should be hospitalized and was the first cause of death children in south easthern Asia.1,2 Batavia was the first city of Indonesia found Dengue Viral infection which had been written in journal by David Bylon in the 1779. Encephalopathy of dengue (ED) is one unusually complication of dengue viral infection which had been characterized by aberration the arrangement of nerves central (CNS). This paper want to describe of a young teenage with suffer from DHF and seizure. Beside it, pleural effusion and cerebral edema had been found. Seizure most likely due to dengue encephalopathy associated with cerebral edema and was supported by positive IgG and IgM anti dengue. Corticosteroid was given toimprove cerebral edema. By good management as long as admission, she was discharged from hospital with a good condition.

MICRONUTRIENT THERAPY FOR SEPSIS Prasetiyo, Agung; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 5 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Micronutrients are nutrients which are needed by the body to perform the function of body. The amounts is less than 100% Î¼g per day and consist of vitamins and minerals. It cannot be synthesized in the body. Research in the US mentioned that the rate prevalence of sepsis is tended to be increased 8.7 % annually. In sepsis, nutrition is one of the important component which could drive the success treatment. Micronutrient, especially a vitamin which is soluble in fats, it would be toxic if the number exceed the capability of body to receive it. Although there are guidance and mutual agreement about sepsis using, it still need to concern on micronutrient which potentially giving bad effect. In sepsis case, micronutrients also determine the success of treatment due to redistribution of vitamin and trace element from circulation to the tissue which involved in the proteins formation and immune system. The conclusions of the latest 7 experiments and 4 random controlled studies of multi-centre support the micronutrients supplementation because it can decrease mortality rate. However, it still need to be aware to the toxicity of fat soluble micronutrient if the doses are excessive.

THE PREVALENCE OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFIENCY VIRUS-1 (HIV-1) SUBTYPES AND TRANSMISSION METHOD AMONG HIV/AIDS INFECTION PATIENT IN TULUNGAGUNG, EAST JAVA INDONESIA Ardianto, Achmad; Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah; Kotaki, Tomohiro; Witaningrum, Adiana Mutamsari; Qushay, M.; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Rahayu, Retno Pudji; Widiyanti, Prihartini; Utomo, Budi; Lusida, Maria Inge; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 5 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

The rapid epidemic growth of HIV is continuing in Indonesia. There are some factors which have influenced the spreading of this epidemic in Indonesia, such as the poor awareness to avoid unsafe free sex attitude and the sharing of needles and syringes among intravenous drug users (IDUs). The sexual transmission of HIV has also apparently increased in Tulungagung. Commercial sex workers play a significant role in the spread of HIV in Tulungagung. People in Tulungagung have worked at other countries as Indonesian migrants. This condition can cause the increase number of HIV-1 case and the possibility of genetic variation (subtype) HIV-1 in Tulungagung. This research is aimed to analyze the subtype and to determine estimation of transmission mode on infected patient of HIV-1 and AIDS who came to Seruni clinic Dr. Iskak hospital in Tulungagung. 40 HIV?AIDSpatients were interviewed to determine the subtype and the transmission mode. The results showed that 14 of 40 plasma samples (35%) were successfully to amplified and sequenced. OverallCRF01-AE wereidentified as predominant subtype among HIV/AIDS patients in Tulungagung. Based on individual information, 31 of 40 subjects (77%) were heterosexual transmission.

MANAGEMENT PATIENT OF SWINE INFLUENZA Gunawan, Endra; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 5 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Influenza is an acute respiratory diseases caused by various influenza virus which infect the upper and lower respiratory tract and often accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, headache and muscle pain. Influenza spreads through the air. Swine influenza comes from swine and can cause an outbreaks in pig flocks. Even this is a kind of a rare case but the swine influenza could be transmitted to human by direct contact with infected swine or through environment that already being contaminated by swine influenza virus. There are 3 types of swine influenza virus namely H1N1, H3N2 and H1N2. Type H1N1 swine-virus had been known since 1918. Avian influenza virus infection is transmitted from one person to another through secret containing virus. Virus is binded into the mucous cells of respiratory tract before it is finally infecting the cells itself. Management patients with H1N1 influenza is based on the complications and the risk. Besides, it is also need to consider the clinical criteria of the patient. Therapy medicamentosa is applied to the patients by giving an antiviral, antibiotics and symptomatic therapy. Prevention can be done by avoid contact with infected animal or environment, having antiviral prophylaxis and vaccination.

THE EFFECT OF GENDARUSSIN A ISOLATES OF Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. LEAF IN REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE IN HIBITION OF HIV TYPE I INVITRO E. W., Bambang Prajogo; Widiyanti, Prihartini; Nasronudin, Nasronudin; Aksono, Bimo
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 5 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Screening has been done to a few extracts from the leaves Justicia gendarussa Burm.f to see the growth rate of the virus from the blood plasma of HIV patients at Dr Soetomo Hospital. It is known that J. gendarussa leaf extract inhibits HIV type 1 reverse transcriptase. In addition, its main content is gendarussin A, besides gendarussin B, JGF1, JGF2 and JGF3, which have just identified. At the beginning, extraction and fractionation were performed with 3 models that highlight the absolute methanol, 70% methanol and 70% ethanol with the release of alkaloids. Furthermore, samples of each fraction were incubated in plasma of HIV patients with a titer of 3.6 10^6 copies for 1 h in concentrations of 1.64 ppm, 4.1 ppm, 8.2 ppm, 16.4 ppm and 41.0 ppm. After incubation, examination was performed by using Nucli sens a machine, which is a combination of PCR and Elisa, thus avoiding direct contact with the highly pathogenic virus. The result showed that the activity sequence from the most potential to the weak, among others, was 1.64 ppm >4.1 ppm > 8.2 ppm > 16.4 ppm > 41.0 ppm, each with barriers value of 0.62 10^6, 1.4 10^6, 1.6 10^6, 2.4 10 cells/ml. In conclusion, highest anti-HIV activity comes from the concentration of gendarussin A isolate at 1.64 ppm. Furthermore, after linearregression of y = -3.063 x + 81.37 was done, the IC50 of 10.24 ppm was obtained.

PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSTIC AND MANAGEMENT OF TOXOPLASMOSIS Yuliawati, Irma; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 4 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite of protozoa groups, can infect humans and all warm-blooded animals, are found in almost all locations around the world. Infection generally occurs orally through the consumption of animal products that are not perfectly cooked infected oocyst, parasite containing foods in the form of bradyzoite, contact with cat's feces containing oocysts or vertical transmission occurring through hematogenous placenta. Toxoplamosis can occur in acute or chronic. It divided into five categories, namely, toxoplasmosis in patients immunocompetent, toxoplasmosis in pregnancy, congenital toxoplasmosis, toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients and ocular toxoplasmosis. In each category of clinical manifestations of toxoplasmosis are often non-specific. Methods of diagnosis and interpretation are often different for each category. Toxoplasmosis can be diagnosed through a series of tests such as serology, PCR, histology parasites and parasite isolation. Treatment management of this disease requires a long time. Therapy depends on the category of infections as well as individual therapeutic response. The combination of pyrimethamine with sulfadiazine is the drug choice for toxoplasmosis.

PATHOGENESIS OF HEMORRHAGIC DUE TO DENGUE VIRUS Suseno, Arief; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 4 (2015)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Dengue is a viral disease that is mediated by a mosquito, which causes morbidity and mortality. Viruses can increase vascular permeability which can lead to hemorrhagic diathesis or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). In Indonesia, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are caused by dengue virus infection which was found to be endemic accompanied by an explosion of extraordinary events that appear at various specified period. The diagnosis of dengue is determined based on the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO, 1999), which are sudden high fever accompanied by a marked tendency to hemorrhage positive tourniquet test, petechiae, ecchymosis, purpura, mucosal hemorrhagic, hematemesis or melena and thrombocytopenia. The problem that still exists today is the mechanism of thrombocytopenia in patients with varying degrees of dengue involving levels of vWF (von Willebrand factor) and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) can not be explained. The mechanism of hemorrhagic in dengue virus infections acquired as a result of thrombocytopenia, platelet disfunction decreased coagulation factors, vasculopathy with endothelial injury and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Co-Authors . PURWATI Achmad Ardianto, Achmad Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari, Adiana Agung Prasetiyo Aksono HP., Eduardus Bimo Aldise Mareta Nastri, Aldise Mareta Arfianti Arfianti Arfianto V Arief Suseno, Arief Artaria Tjempakasari, Artaria Asmarawati, Tri Pudy Atika Atika Badi'ah, Hanim Istatik Bambang Prajogo Bimo Aksono Bimo Dwi Lukito, Bimo Dwi Bramanton Bramantono Bramantono, Bramantono Budi Utomo Danny Irawan Djojosugito, Fauzia A. Dwi Wahyu Indriati, Dwi Wahyu Eddy Bagus Wasito Eddy Wasito, Eddy Edith Frederika, Edith Endah Dewati, Endah Endang Retnowati ENDANG RETNOWATI KUSUMOWIDAGDO Endra Gunawan Fedik Abdul Rantam Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah Ferry Effendi Ganden Supriyanto Hadi U Hamidah - Hening Laswati Putra Indrati, Agnes R. Irine Normalina, Irine Irma Yuliawati, Irma Johana E. Prawitasari Juniastuti Juniastuti Khairunisa, Siti Khairunisa, Siti Q. Lilis Mundri Jannah, Lilis Mundri M. Qushay, M. Maria Inge Lusida Masanori Kameoka, Masanori Maskoep, Wiwiek Indriyani Mei Wulan, Sri Mardjiati Meilani Meilani, Meilani Muhammad Qushai Y. Matondang, Muhammad Qushai Y. Muhammad Qushai Yunifiar M, Muhammad Qushai Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto, Muhammad Vitanata Musofa Rusli Ni Kadek Mulyantari Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih Nur Syamsiatul Fajar, Nur Syamsiatul Nurlaila Effendy Nuzul Qur'aniati Prihartini Widiyanti Purwaningsih - Purwati - Purwati Purwati Rachman, Brian E. Rachman, Brian Eka Rahayu Anggraini Rahmat Zainuddin, Rahmat Retno Indrawati Roestamadji Retno Pudji Rahayu Ririek Parwitasari, Ririek Rudi Wisaksana Rury Mega, Rury Shuhei Ueda, Shuhei Siregar, Fajri M. Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah Siti Qomariyah Khairunisa, Siti Qomariyah SOETJIPTO . Soewandojo E Suharto - Suryono Suryono Thomas Dicky Hastjarjo, Thomas Dicky Tigor Yeheskiel, Tigor Tjahjono, Ganis Tomohiro Kotaki, Tomohiro Triyono EA Ulfa Kholili Usman Hadi Yayuk Susilawati, Yayuk Yulia Ismail Yulia Sari Ismail

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