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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Jurnal Natur Indonesia Journal of Tropical Soils Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Jurnal Hortikultura JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Jurnal Agroteknos Warta IHP (Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian) International Journal of Applied Biology Jurnal AGROSAINS dan TEKNOLOGI Journal of Tropical Crop Science Journal of Tropical Horticulture JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Menara Perkebunan Jurnal Hexagro Media Pertanian Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan International Research Journal of Business Studies

Roedhy Poerwanto

Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 342995

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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PENGARUH PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PEMBUNGAAN JERUK SATSUMA MANDARIN PADA BEBERAPA KONDISI SUHU Poerwanto, Roedhy; Inoue, Hiroshi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 22 No. 1 (1994): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Two experiments were conducted at phytotron to investigate the effects of paclobutrazol on vegetative growth and flower bud differentiation of Sat sum a Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) grown under different temperature conditions. One-year-old Satsuma Mandarin trees budded onto trifoliate orange rootstocks were used in these experiments. The trees were planted in root observation chamber (Experiment I) or Wagner's pot (Experiment II) in late, March of 1988. In experiment I the treatments were temperature (20 & 30oC) and paclobutrazol (treated and not treated). Paclobutrazol was applied 3 times to the soil at the rate of 0.5 gram a.i. per tree per application. The growth of shoots and roots were observed at 5-day intervals. In experiment II the treatments were temperature (15, 20, 25, 30°C and field condition) and paclobutrazol (sprayed to the leaves, drenched to the soil, and none). Paclobutrazol was applied 3 times; foliar application was 1000 ppm and soil application was 0.05 grams a.i. per tree per application. Temperature treatments were done from June to December, 1988. At the end of the treatments, the trees were defoliated and then exposed to 25°C to observe flower bud development. . Paclobutrazol inhibited shoot and root elongation effectively. Paclobutrazol decreased dry weight of the plant top (trunk, stem and leaves), but increased root dry weight. Paclobutrazol also increased the root diameter by increasing the number of-cortex cells, although the cell diameter was not different. Paclobutrazol affected nutrients distribution; it decreased nutrients in the top part of trees, and increased nutrient in the root. Effects of paclobutrazol in flower bud differentiation was not significant.

Karakter Fisik dan Kimia Buah Pepaya pada Stadia Kematangan Berbeda Suketi, Ketty; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Sujiprihati, Sriani; Sobir, ,; Widodo, Winarso Drajad
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 38 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The objective of the experiment was to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of three stadia of maturity based on a range of peel color from green to yellow or based on percentage of the yellow area of fruit peel (stadium 1 = 25-49 % yellow, stadium 2 = 50-74 % yellow, and stadium 3 = above 75 % yellow) on six genotypes of papaya. Each genotype exhibited different days to maturity for each stadium. The fruits of stadium 1, 2 and 3 for IPB 1 were picked at 130, 135, and 140 days after anthesis (DAA); IPB 10A at 160, 165, and 170 DAA; IPB 1 x PB 174 at 135, 140 and 145 DAA; while PB 174, IPB 1 x IPB 10A and IPB 10A x PB 174 were picked at 140, 145 and 150 DAA, respectively. The results indicated that peel firmness was affected by maturity stage on female fruit of IPB 10A. Maturity stage affected chemical characteristics of papaya included total soluble solids (TSS) content (IPB 10A, female fruit of PB 174, female fruit of IPB 1 x IPB 10A, and female fruit of IPB 1 x PB 174), vitamin C content (hermaphrodite fruit of 10 A, female fruit of IPB 1 x IPB 10A) and juice pH (hermaphrodite fruit of IPB 1). IPB 1 genotype can be harvested at all stadia of maturity stage. Hermaphrodite and female fruit of IPB 10 A, female fruit of PB 174, female fruit of IPB 1 x IPB 10A and female fruit of IPB 1 x PB 174 genotype would be better harvested at stadium 3 of maturity stage. Keywords: Carica papaya, papaya genotype, hermaphrodite fruit, female fruit, fruit quality, fruit maturity stage

Akumulasi dan Distribusi Bahan Kering pada Beberapa Kultivar Kacang Tanah Purnamawati, Heni; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Lubis, Iskandar; Yudiwanti, ,; Rais, Sri Astuti; Manshuri, Ahmad Ghozi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 38 No. 2 (2010): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

This research was carried out in April–September 2007. The research objective was to study the dry matter distribution pattern of several peanut cultivars. Twenty cultivars were planted at two different locations, Cikarawang and Sawah Baru Experimental Field but at the same elevation (250 m above sea level). The cultivars were scored according to morphological and physiological characters, total N and total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC), yield and yield components. There were no statistically differences in pod yield, seed yield and harvest index between the cultivars, but there were differences in dry matter distribution between cultivars. TNC content in stem correlated positively with pod ﬁ lling. Carbohydrates for pod ﬁ lling presumed were derived from dry matter accumulation in early pod ﬁ lling stage. It was concluded that the ideal growing type of peanut are early accumulated dry matter but almost no increase of dry matter accumulation in upper part of plant during seed development. Keywords: dry matter distribution, pod ﬁ lling, peanut

Analisis Kedekatan Hubungan antar Genotipe Pepaya Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi dan Buah Suketi, Ketty; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Sujiprihati, Sriani; Sobir, ,; Widodo, Winarso D.
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 38 No. 2 (2010): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

A study was conducted to determine the variation and relationships among papaya genotypes based on morphological and fruit characteristics in order to produce high quality papaya fruits. Fruit characterization study is very useful for genotype improvement and genotype classiﬁ cation of papaya. In this study the morphological characters of 36 genotypes were analyzed to determine their phenotypic variabilities. The relationships between genotypes based on all of the morphological and fruit characteristics were tested by subjecting the data to multivariate principal component analysis and to cluster analysis. Based on the dendrogram generated from vegetative and generative characters, the 36 genotypes could be grouped into 11 clusters on a threshold of 1.6 and formed 6 clusters on a threshold of 1.8. The dendrogram was able to explain the close relationship between IPB 5 x IPB 1 and IPB 5 x IPB 4, IPB 2 and IPB 7, IPB 1 and IPB 3 genotype. The scattered diagram of generative variable divided the papaya genotypes into three groups based on fruit sizes i.e small group (IPB 1, IPB 3, IPB 4, IPB 3 x IPB 4, IPB 1 x IPB 9), medium group (IPB 5, IPB 7, IPB 8, IPB 9) and big group (IPB 2, IPB 10). The IPB 1, IPB 3 and IPB 4 were different from IPB 2 in fruit shapes, petal length of male ﬂ owers, inﬂ orescence size and fruit length. The hybrid plants obtained from crossings with IPB 10 were different from the other genotypes in the colours of female-, hermaphrodite-, and male ﬂ ower-lobes. Subsequently the scatter diagrams also revealed that several genotypes i.e. IPB 2 x IPB 6, IPB 1 x IPB 5, IPB 1 x IPB 9, IPB 5 x IPB 1 and IPB 5 x IPB 2 had superior characters ideotype similar to IPB 1, IPB 3 and IPB 8 genotypes. Keywords: Carica papaya, hermaphrodite, female, dendrogram, scatter diagram, ideotype

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v40i2.6375

We investigated the effect of sector (position in canopy) on translocation and distribution of 13C-photosynthates in mangosteen trees and related the findings to previous analyses of fruit quality. Our experiment was conducted on three 25-year-old mangosteen trees. Tree canopies were divided into 9 sectors based on height (bottom, middle, top) and width (inner, center, outer). One branch from each sector was labeled with 13CO2 in December 2003. Immediately after labeling, 13C concentration in leaves from middle sectors was higher than that in leaves from other positions. 13C concentration in all leaves decreased rapidly for 24 h after 13C feeding, followed by a gradual decrease. In contrast, 13C concentration increased over time in the pericarp and aril of fruits. Translocation of 13C-photosynthates into fruit was high in Sectors 4 and 5, and in top positions (Sectors 7 to 9). At 96 h after 13C feeding, the highest distribution ratio of 13C-photosynthates was observed in stems, followed in descending order by pericarp, leaf, and aril. 13C distribution ratio in the aril was generally highest in fruits from inner and center positions. The relationship between partitioning of photosynthates and quality of mangosteen fruit, which differs among sectors, has been discussed. Keywords: fruiting positions, Garcinia mangostanaL., photosynthate partitioning, 13C, tree branches

Aktivitas Kitinase dan Peroksidase dari Ekstrak Kasar Protein Asal Kalus dan Berbagai Jaringan Tanaman Trichosanthes cucumerina var. anguina Sukma, Dewi; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Sudarsono, ,; Khumaida, Nurul; Artika, I Made; Wiyono, Suryo
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 40 No. 3 (2012): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Chitinase and peroxydase are important bioactive proteins or are specific enzymes that are related to plant resistance to pathogens. The aims of the research were to analyze the chitinase and peroxidase activities of crude protein extract from calli, stem, leaves and roots of T. cucumerinavar. anguina. In the first experiment, chitinase and peroxydase activities were analyzed from in vitro calli, leaves and roots obtained from 2-month-old of field grown plants. The media for calli induction were Murashige and Skoog medium with addition of 1 µM NAA + 1 µM BA, 2 µM NAA + 2 µM BA, 3 µM NAA + 3 µM BA, or 4 µM NAA + 4 µM BA. In the second experiment, the chitinase and peroxydase activities from crude protein extract of roots, stems and leaves were analyzed. The extracts were from 3-week-old seedling (less than a month), 1-month and 2-month-old plants. The first and the second experiment results showed that crude protein extracts of plant roots from the field grown plants had the highest chitinase and peroxidase activities. Stem of field grown plants had the similar level of chitinase activities with the plant roots. Chitinase activities of in vitro calli were not significantly different from those of plant roots so that it could be used as an alternative for plant roots in studying chitinase from T. cucumerinavar. anguina. Chitinase activities in crude protein extracts of roots appeared constant whereas peroxidase tend to increase with plant age. Keywords: calli, enzyme activities, leaves, roots, stem

Pengaruh Batang Bawah dan Jenis Tunas pada Mikrografting Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) secara In Vitro Handayani, Rd. Selvy; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Sobir, ,; Purwito, Agus; Ermayanti, Tri Muji
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 41 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rootstock and shoot types on in vitro mangosteen micrografting.The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was the rootstocktype, i.e. rooted planlet from the germination of quartered seed, and rooted planlet from the germination of undivided seeds.The second factor was the developmental phase of scion, i.e. dormant buds, and flush (had new leaf more than 2-4 mm). Theresults showed that rootstock derived from the germination of undivided seed had a higher success rate than other treatmentson all variables, except for number of new leaves. The use of flush as scion was better than dormant buds; flush resulted in ahigher percentage of successful micrograft and longer shoots. In vitro micrografting had a better growth rate than grafting at the same age. The results of anatomical observation conducted at four months after micrografting demonstrated that there was a good graft union, indicated by excellent fusion between rootstock and scion xylem tissues.Keywords: flush, in vitro, micrografting, rootstock, scion

Pollen Viability and Pollen Tube Growth of IPB’s Papaya Suketi, Ketty; Tuharea, Cenra Intan Hartuti; Widodo, Winarso Dradjad; Poerwanto, Roedhy
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 39 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The purpose of the research was to examine the pollen germination process and growth rate of pollen tubes of papaya. Pollen tube growth of nine genotypes of papaya (IPB 1, IPB 2, IPB 3, IPB 4, IPB 5, IPB 7, IPB 8, IPB 9, and IPB 10) was investigated in this experiment in order to study their pollen germination rate and pollen viability. The fresh pollen were excised from the fl owers of papaya grown at Tajur Field Station of Research Center for Tropical Fruit, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor. The extracted pollen was cultured aseptically on the Brewbaker and Kwack medium (pH 7.3) at ambient temperature of 26-28 °C. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth was observed under optical microscope with 100 and 400 magnifi cation. Papaya pollen viability was not associated with size-based categories of papaya fruits. IPB 4 had the longest pollen tube at fi rst 30 minutes after germination (115.5 µm), whereas IPB 10 had the shortest (99.5 µm). The distance from stigma to ovary in hermaphrodite fl owers varies with genotypes, ranging from 7.38 to 13.44 mm. Average length of pollen tube within four hours of germination for small papaya fruit category (IPB 1, IPB 3, and IPB 4) was 1,030.67 ± 19.14 μm, while the distance between stigma and ovary was short (14.85 ± 2.19 mm) so that the expected of fertilization process occurred sooner. At the end of the experiment (four hours after germination), IPB 1 genotype had the longest pollen tube (1,052 µm) while IPB 9 genotype (913 µm) had the shortest pollen tube. Genotype with the highest percentage of germination at the end experiment was IPB 2 (65.65%), whereas the lowest was IPB 7 (42.56%).

Studi Pemberian Kalsium untuk Mengatasi Getah Kuning pada Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Dorly, ,; Wulandari, Indah; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Efendi, Darda; Tjitrosemito, Soekisman
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 39 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Gamboge is the main problem in mangosteen agribusiness because it is one of the major factors lowering fruit quality. Calcium is one of the important elements that strengthening cell wall; it is which was binding with the pectin as a middle lamella component. The objectives of the research were to study the effect of calcium application on the presence of gamboge spots, physical, and chemical properties of mangosteen fruit. Trial was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in two consecutive years. The calcium source was dolomite, applied in four different dosages, i.e. 0, 18, 24, and 34 ton ha-1 for the fi rst year and 0, 12.5, 15, and 17.5 ton ha-1 for the second year. The results showed that calcium application raised soil pH and calcium content of the soil, exocarp and mangosteen leaves. Dolomite applications using 18 and 24 ton ha-1 in the fi rst year and 17.5 ton ha-1 in the second year were effective to reduce gamboge spots on the outer part of fruit, however they were not effective to reduce gamboge in aril. Dolomite applications did not increase transversal diameter, fruit weight, total soluble solids, total titratable acids, and ratio of total soluble solids with total titratable acids of the fruits.

Rekomendasi Pemupukan Kalium untuk Tanaman Nenas Berdasarkan Status Hara Tanah Safuan, La Ode; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Susila, Anas Dinurrohman; Sobir, ,
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 39 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Potassium (K) is required in a large amount for plant growth and production of most fruit crops, including pineapple. However, excess application may decrease its growth and production. Therefore, fertilizer application must be site specifi c, based on soil nutrient status and plant requirements. The aims of the research were (1) to determine the soil K nutritional status of pineapple and (2) to determine the optimum dosage of K fertilization for pineapple grown in Sawah Baru, Darmaga, Bogor. The research was conducted using split plot randomized block design with fi ve soil K status as main plots i.e. 0, 70, 140, 210, and 280 kg K2O ha-1 representing status levels of very low, low, moderate, high, and very high, respectively. The sub plot was dosage of K fertilizer i.e. 0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 kg K2O ha-1. The result of the research showed that plant growth and production of pineapple were improved by soil K nutrient status and dosage of K application. The level of soil K nutrient availability was classifi ed into low (<14 ppm K2O), medium (14-50 ppm K2O), and high (>50 ppm K2O). Potassium fertilizer is recommended for the soil with low soil K status of 634 kg K2O ha-1 .

Co-Authors , Dorly , Sakhidin , Yudiwanti . DARMAWAN . SAMANHUDI . SUHARSONO Abdul Munif Achmad Surkati Ade Wachjar Agus Purwito Ahmad Ghozi Manshuri Ahmad Ghozi Mansyuri Ahmad S. Abidin Ahmad Sutopo Akmal, Ajmir ALI NURMANSYAH Alifiya Herwitarahman Anas D Susila Anas Dinurrohman Susila Andria Agusta ANDRIA AGUSTA Ansyori, Ansyori Aris Purwanto Asmini Budiani Bambang S . Purwoko Bambang S. Purwoko Bambang Sapta Purwoko Cenra Intan Hartuti Tuharea CICIK SURIANI D Fatria D Fatria Deden Derajat Matra Defitrianida, Asyhuriyah Wardah Dewi Sukma Dhika Prita Hapsari Dian Fahrianty Didy Sopandie Djoko Santoso Dorly Dorly E Efendi Edi Santosa Edi Santosa Edi Santosa Efendi, Darda EKO SETIAWAN Eko Setiawan Endah Retno Palupi Endang Gunawan Faqih Udin Fauziyah Harahap Fumio Fukuda HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hanifah Muthmainnah Hartrisari Hardjomidjojo Hiroshi Inoue I Hidayati I MADE ARTIKA I NYOMAN RAI Ilmi, Nadhirah Karimatul Iman Rusmana Inanpi Hidayati Sumiasih, Inanpi Hidayati Indah Wulandari INDAH WULANDARI Irsyad Maulana Iskandar Lubis Jawal Muhammad Anwarudinsyah Juanasri Juanasri JULIARNI JULIARNI Kasutjianingati . Ketty Suketi Kuniyuki Saitoh La Ode Safuan Laksono Trisnantoro Latifah K. Darusman Latifah Kosim Darusman Lizawati . Lubis, Wahyu Muhammad Yuha Lukman Liferdi Machfud Machfud Marimin Marimin Matra, Deden Derajat Maulana, Mohamad Akhbar Memen Surahman Mohamad Akhbar Maulana Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto Muhamad Noor Azizu, Muhamad Noor Muhammad Arif Nasution Muhammad Darmawan Musdalifah, Nuzlul Naohiro Kubota Nian Rimayanti H. Nobuo Sugiyama Nono Sutrisno Nono Sutrisno Nur Wahyu Sariningtias Nurfitri Ramadhani Nurul Khumaida Odit Ferry Kurniadinata Qadir, Abdul Rahayu, Resa Sri Rahmat Budiarto Ramdan Hidayat Rd. Selvy Handayani Resa Sri Rahayu Resa Sri Rahayu Retno Astuti Riana Jumawati Rofiq, Muhamad Abdul Roza Yunita S Susanto Santun R.P. Sitorus Septirosya, Tiara Slamet Susanto Soaloon Sinaga Sobir Sobir SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO Sri Astuti Rais Sri Yuliani Sri Yuliani Sriani Sujiprihati SRIANI SUJIPRIHATI Suci Rahayu Sudarsono Sudirman Yahya Suryo Wiyono Sutrisno, Sutrisno T Purnama Tanari, Yulinda Taruna Shafa Arzam Taruna Shafa Arzam, Taruna Shafa TARUNI SRI PRAWAST MIEN KAOMINI ANY ARYANI DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN Tetty CHAIDAMSARI Tiara, Dede Titin Purnama Tri Muji Ermayanti Trikoesoemaningtyas Vandra Kurniawan Wa Ode Muliastuty Widya Sari Winarso D. Widodo Y A Purwanto Y A Purwanto Yandra Arkeman Yundari, Yundari Yunus, Ismadi

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