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Disability and Structural Injustice in Miracle in Cell No. 7: A Critical Disability Analysis Efrizah, Doni; Pebriani, Dela; Puspita, Clara; Purwarno, Purwarno
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13273

This study examines how intellectual disability and structural injustice are constructed in Miracle in Cell No. 7, directed by Hanung Bramantyo. It aims to analyze the discursive construction of disability and the reproduction of structural discrimination within legal and social contexts. Using a qualitative research design with a critical discourse analysis approach, this study applies Critical Disability Theory to interpret selected dialogues and key scenes that reflect power relations and institutional practices within the narrative. The findings reveal that intellectual disability is constructed as deviance within legal discourse, leading to discursive marginalization and the denial of agency. Discrimination operates structurally through institutional mechanisms such as coercive interrogation, lack of accommodation, and biased legal procedures within the criminal justice system. At the social level, stigma and dominant cultural narratives construct disability as a marker of danger and incompetence, reinforcing exclusion and legitimizing injustice. The novelty of this study lies in highlighting how cinematic narratives reproduce institutionalized ableism across both legal and social domains. It contributes to Critical Disability Studies by emphasizing discrimination as a multidimensional and structurally embedded phenomenon shaped by power relations. Practically, the study underscores the need for disability-inclusive legal frameworks and increased social awareness to promote justice, equality, and dignity for persons with disabilities.

A Structuralist Analysis of Binary Oppositions in Bella Swan’s Characterization in The Twilight Saga: New Moon Rayati, Nabila; Ezir, Ely; Br. Perangin Angin, Sempa; Efrizah, Doni
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13277

This study examines the characterization of Bella Swan as the protagonist in The Twilight Saga: New Moon (2009) through Lévi-Strauss’s structuralist theory, particularly the concept of binary opposition. By focusing on narrative and symbolic contrasts, the analysis explores how meaning is constructed within the protagonist’s development. A qualitative descriptive method is applied through the analysis of selected scenes and dialogues from the film. The findings indicate that Bella Swan’s characterization is shaped by dominant binary oppositions, including love versus loss, courage versus fear, humanity versus the supernatural, and Edward versus Jacob. These oppositions position her as a structural protagonist who embodies emotional and ideological tensions within the narrative. She also functions as a mediating figure between conflicting value systems, reflecting the dynamic and relational nature of identity construction in cinematic texts. Unlike previous studies that emphasize romantic themes or surface-level character analysis, this research highlights the underlying structural system that actively constructs the protagonist’s identity. The findings contribute to literary and film studies by demonstrating how meaning in film can be systematically interpreted through Lévi-Straussian structuralism.

JUNGLES OF RESISTANCE: READING ECOLOGICAL SUBJUGATION IN JOSEPH CONRAD’S HEART OF DARKNESS Doni Efrizah; Purwarno Purwarno
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v12i1.62

This study presents a contemporary ecocritical reading of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, reexamining the African jungle not as a passive backdrop but as an active ecological agent that resists imperial domination. Employing a qualitative interpretive approach grounded in ecocriticism, the study combines close textual reading with thematic coding to analyze how the Congo River, the African jungle, and colonial infrastructures function as narrative sites of ecological agency. Drawing on recent formulations of slow violence (Davies, 2022), world-ecology (Moore, 2022), and ecofeminism (Gaard, 2022; Sharma & Joshi, 2024), the analysis demonstrates that Conrad’s natural landscapes register the cumulative ecological harm of imperial extraction while simultaneously destabilizing colonial authority. The findings reveal that the Congo River operates as an ecological witness to historical and environmental violence, the jungle emerges as a resistant and self-regulating ecological force that undermines imperial rationality, and colonial outposts symbolize the moral and ecological unsustainability of extractivist ideology. By foregrounding nature’s agency, the study shows how Heart of Darkness anticipates contemporary ecological concerns by linking environmental degradation with ethical and political collapse under empire. Beyond its theoretical contribution, this research highlights the pedagogical relevance of ecocritical literary analysis in English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) contexts in Indonesia. Integrating ecocritical frameworks into literature instruction encourages students to develop critical literacy, environmental awareness, and ethical reflection. Overall, the study repositions Heart of Darkness as a narrative of ecological resistance, demonstrating its continued relevance to contemporary debates on environmental justice, colonial legacies, and sustainability in the environmental humanities.

Interdependent Cultural and Postcolonial Readings of Violence in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart Doni Efrizah; Purwarno Purwarno; Indah Sari; Nurbaiti Ali; Eka Surya Fitriani
Aksara Vol 38, No 1 (2026): AKSARA, EDISI JUNI 2026
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29255/aksara.v38i1.4961.280-293

Existing scholarship on Things Fall Apart tends to examine indigenous and colonial forms of violence as separate analytical domains, leaving their interconnections underexplored. This study aims to analyze how domestic, ritual, ideological, and structural forms of violence operate as an interdependent system within the novel. Employing a descriptive–interpretive qualitative approach, the study draws on 42 purposively selected textual excerpts from the 2000 edition of the novel. Data were collected through textual documentation and analyzed using close reading and thematic coding informed by postcolonial and gender theory. The findings reveal that violence in the novel operates as a recursive and multi-layered system. Internally sanctioned forms of violence, particularly patriarchal control and culturally legitimized practices, sustain social order while simultaneously generating structural vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities are subsequently exploited by colonial forces through ideological delegitimization and institutional domination, indicating a shift from physical toward epistemic and symbolic forms of violence. Acts of resistance, although grounded in indigenous moral logic, produce ambivalent outcomes by restoring symbolic authority while provoking intensified repression. These results demonstrate that violence in Things Fall Apart functions as a cyclical and mutually reinforcing process across personal, cultural, and political domains. The study contributes by offering an integrated analytical framework that bridges postcolonial and gender perspectives, while highlighting the novel’s relevance for understanding cultural resilience, identity reconstruction, and the ethical complexities of resistance in postcolonial contexts. Abstrak Kajian-kajian sebelumnya pada Things Fall Apart cenderung meneliti bentuk-bentuk kekerasan pribumi dan kolonial sebagai domain analitis yang terpisah, sehingga keterkaitannya kurang dieksplorasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana bentuk-bentuk kekerasan domestik, ritual, ideologis, dan struktural beroperasi sebagai sistem yang saling bergantung dalam novel tersebut. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-interpretatif, studi ini mengambil 42 kutipan teks yang dipilih secara purposif dari edisi novel tahun 2000. Data dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi tekstual dan dianalisis menggunakan pembacaan cermat dan pengkodean tematik yang didasarkan pada teori pascakolonial dan gender. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan dalam novel beroperasi sebagai sistem rekursif dan berlapis-lapis. Bentuk-bentuk kekerasan yang disetujui secara internal, khususnya kontrol patriarki dan praktik-praktik yang dilegitimasi secara budaya, mempertahankan tatanan sosial sekaligus menghasilkan kerentanan struktural. Kerentanan ini kemudian dieksploitasi oleh kekuatan kolonial melalui delegitimasi ideologis dan dominasi institusional, yang menunjukkan pergeseran dari bentuk kekerasan fisik menuju bentuk kekerasan epistemik dan simbolik. Tindakan perlawanan, meskipun berlandaskan logika moral pribumi, menghasilkan hasil yang ambivalen dengan memulihkan otoritas simbolik sekaligus memicu represi yang lebih intensif. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan dalam Things Fall Apart berfungsi sebagai proses siklik dan saling memperkuat di berbagai domain pribadi, budaya, dan politik. Studi ini berkontribusi dengan menawarkan kerangka analitis terintegrasi yang menjembatani perspektif pascakolonial dan gender, sekaligus menyoroti relevansi novel ini untuk memahami ketahanan budaya, rekonstruksi identitas, dan kompleksitas etika perlawanan dalam konteks pascakolonial.

Students’ Perception of Self-Confidence in Speaking English as a Foreign Language in the Classroom Indah Sari; Doni Efrizah; Nabilah Yolanda
EXCELLENCE: Journal of English and English Education Vol 5 No 2 (2025): EXCELLENCE
Publisher : English Education Study Program FKIP Universitas Alwashliyah Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47662/ejeee.v5i2.1304

This study aimed to explore students' perceptions of self-confidence in speaking English as a foreign language within classroom settings. Utilizing qualitative methods, data were collected through administration of questionnaires to 5th semester students of Technology and Information System Study Program at Institut Teknology Sawit Indonesia (ITSI) Medan intake 2025-2026. Then, the study applied Miles, Huberman and Saldana’s steps (2014) in analysing the data. The results showed that most students had positive and good perception of self-confidence in speaking English in the classroom. Moreover, it revealed that self-confidence significantly influences students' willingness to engage in spoken communication. Factors contributing to self-confidence include supportive classroom environments, peer interactions, and effective teaching strategies. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of fostering a positive atmosphere that encourages risk-taking in language use, ultimately enhancing students' speaking abilities. Implications for educators include the need to implement practices that build self-confidence and promote active participation in language learning. Keywords: perception, self-confidence, speaking, English

A Structuralist Analysis of Binary Oppositions in Bella Swan’s Characterization in The Twilight Saga: New Moon Nabila Rayati; Purwanto Siwi; Sempa Br. Perangin Angin; Doni Efrizah
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13277

This study examines the characterization of Bella Swan as the protagonist in The Twilight Saga: New Moon (2009) through Lévi-Strauss’s structuralist theory, particularly the concept of binary opposition. By focusing on narrative and symbolic contrasts, the analysis explores how meaning is constructed within the protagonist’s development. A qualitative descriptive method is applied through the analysis of selected scenes and dialogues from the film. The findings indicate that Bella Swan’s characterization is shaped by dominant binary oppositions, including love versus loss, courage versus fear, humanity versus the supernatural, and Edward versus Jacob. These oppositions position her as a structural protagonist who embodies emotional and ideological tensions within the narrative. She also functions as a mediating figure between conflicting value systems, reflecting the dynamic and relational nature of identity construction in cinematic texts. Unlike previous studies that emphasize romantic themes or surface-level character analysis, this research highlights the underlying structural system that actively constructs the protagonist’s identity. The findings contribute to literary and film studies by demonstrating how meaning in film can be systematically interpreted through Lévi-Straussian structuralism.

Unveiling Interpersonal Depth: Social Penetration and Friendship Types in Nat Gould’s Fast as the Wind Yussuf Faulandi; Muhammad Ali Pawiro; Nurbaiti Ali; Doni Efrizah
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13289

Interpersonal relationships and friendship are central themes in literary works, yet they are rarely examined through communication theories such as Social Penetration Theory. This study addresses the limited application of communication theories in literary analysis by examining interpersonal relationships in Fast as the Wind by Nat Gould. It highlights the contribution of integrating communication theory into literary studies, particularly in understanding character interaction and relational development. A qualitative descriptive method is employed using content analysis of dialogues and narrative elements that reflect communication patterns and self-disclosure. The analysis reveals that social penetration occurs through four stages: orientation, exploratory affective exchange, affective exchange, and stable exchange, indicating a progression from superficial interaction to deeper emotional intimacy. Three types of friendship are identified: reciprocal, receptive, and associative, with reciprocal friendship as the most dominant. The results further show that trust, self-disclosure, and social context play significant roles in shaping interpersonal depth and relational dynamics among characters. The horse racing setting not only creates competition but also fosters cooperation and strong interpersonal bonds. These findings reinforce the relevance of communication theories in literary analysis and expand their applicability in interpreting interpersonal dynamics in fictional narratives.

Disability and Structural Injustice in Miracle in Cell No. 7: A Critical Disability Analysis Doni Efrizah; Dela Pebriani; Clara Puspita; Purwarno Purwarno
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13273

This study examines how intellectual disability and structural injustice are constructed in Miracle in Cell No. 7, directed by Hanung Bramantyo. It aims to analyze the discursive construction of disability and the reproduction of structural discrimination within legal and social contexts. Using a qualitative research design with a critical discourse analysis approach, this study applies Critical Disability Theory to interpret selected dialogues and key scenes that reflect power relations and institutional practices within the narrative. The findings reveal that intellectual disability is constructed as deviance within legal discourse, leading to discursive marginalization and the denial of agency. Discrimination operates structurally through institutional mechanisms such as coercive interrogation, lack of accommodation, and biased legal procedures within the criminal justice system. At the social level, stigma and dominant cultural narratives construct disability as a marker of danger and incompetence, reinforcing exclusion and legitimizing injustice. The novelty of this study lies in highlighting how cinematic narratives reproduce institutionalized ableism across both legal and social domains. It contributes to Critical Disability Studies by emphasizing discrimination as a multidimensional and structurally embedded phenomenon shaped by power relations. Practically, the study underscores the need for disability-inclusive legal frameworks and increased social awareness to promote justice, equality, and dignity for persons with disabilities.

Kemampuan Mahasiswa dalam Menulis Teks Argumentasi Melalui Problem Based Learning Trian Azhari Fadilah Sirait; Fatin Nadifa Tarigan; Doni Efrizah
All Fields of Science Journal Liaison Academia and Sosiety Vol. 2 No. 4: Desember 2022
Publisher : Lembaga Komunikasi dan Informasi Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58939/afosj-las.v2i4.398

Banyak model pembelajaran yang bisa diintegrasikan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis argumentasi siswa Salah satunya model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis argumentasi mahasiswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Penelitian Tindakan Kelas PTK Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris di Universitas Pembinaan Masyarakat Indonesia semester 6 tahun akademik 2021 2022 yang berjumlah 24 orang Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik tes dan teknik non tes Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning PBL dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis argumentasi mahasiswa yang terbukti dari nilai rata rata yang mengalami peningkatan dari nilai 63 menjadi nilai 84 Tindakan ini mengalami peningkatan sekitar 2 Persen Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dapat dikatakan mahasiswa juga belajar dengan aktivitas yang baik dan dengan respons yang positif terhadap penerapan PBL Penelitian ini merekomendasikan beberapa langkah pengelolaan pembelajaran menggunakan PBL untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis argumentasi mahasiswa Kata Kunci: kemampuan menulis argumentasi problem based learning

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa dengan Project Based Learning Berbasis Hots Fatin Nadifa Tarigan; Doni Efrizah
All Fields of Science Journal Liaison Academia and Sosiety Vol. 3 No. 2: Juni 2023
Publisher : Lembaga Komunikasi dan Informasi Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58939/afosj-las.v3i2.436

Kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing namun seringkali siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam mengembangkan keterampilan tersebut Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris mahasiswa melalui penggunaan Project Based Learning PjBL berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills HOTS Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas selama dua siklus dengan melibatkan 40 mahasiswa Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan tindakan observasi dan refleksi Pada setiap siklus mahasiswa diberikan proyek berbicara bahasa Inggris yang melibatkan HOTS Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris mahasiswa setelah penerapan model PjBL berbasis HOTS Mahasiswa menunjukkan kemampuan yang lebih baik dalam menyusun kalimat menggunakan tata bahasa yang tepat dan menyampaikan pesan dengan jelas dan koheren Selain itu model PjBL berbasis HOTS mendorong mahasiswa untuk lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran meningkatkan motivasi dan meningkatkan kolaborasi dan kerja sama antar siswa Penggunaan model PjBL berbasis HOTS dapat menjadi alternatif yang efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris siswa khususnya mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kreatif serta memperluas pengetahuan dan pemahaman mereka dalam bahasa Inggris

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