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Hierarchical NiO/TiO2-Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon Composite with Improved Electrochemical Kinetics for Energy Storage Applications Nurdin, Muhammad; Maulidiyah, Maulidiyah; Watoni, Abdul Haris; Zakir, Muhammad; Muliadi, Muliadi; Muzakkar, Muhammad Zakir; Azmi, Khusnul Ulul; Edihar, Muh; Zulfan, Ahmad
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.371

Abstract

The development of high-performance and sustainable anode materials remains a crucial challenge for next-generation energy storage systems. In this study, NiO/TiO₂–biomass-derived porous carbon (BPC) composites were successfully synthesized using palm kernel shell-derived porous carbon as a conductive matrix. Structural and morphological characterizations confirmed the homogeneous distribution of NiO and TiO₂ crystals within the porous carbon framework. The FTIR and XRD analyses verified the presence of metal-oxygen bonds and high phase purity, while SEM revealed a well-developed porous structure. Electrochemical evaluations were performed in KOH solution using a three-electrode configuration. The optimized NiO-TiO2/BPC (1:2) electrode delivered a specific capacity of 7.76 mAh g⁻¹ at 10 mV s⁻¹ and sustained 3.59 mAh g⁻¹ at 80 mV s⁻¹, demonstrating favorable rate capability. Galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements further confirmed the improved performance, reaching 8.75 mAh g⁻¹ at 3 A g⁻¹. This enhanced electrochemical behavior is attributed to the synergistic integration of conductive porous carbon with electroactive NiO and TiO₂ phases. These findings indicate that the NiO-TiO₂/BPC composite functions as a hybrid alkaline electrode material and has potential for safe and sustainable aquatic energy storage devices.
Synthesis and Characterization of MnO2 Nanoparticle Composite and Palm Kernel Shell-Based Activated Carbon as Supercapacitor Electrode Candidates Arif, Ainun Rezkiva; Zakir, Muhammad; Ahmad, Ahyar; Raya, Indah; Taba, Paulina; Rasyid, Herlina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 26, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.110797

Abstract

Palm kernel shells (PKS) are a biomass waste rich in carbon and low in ash content, making them suitable for conversion into supercapacitor electrode materials that support the principles of the blue economy and green technology. This study presents a novel synthesis approach for supercapacitor electrode materials by combining activated carbon derived from hydrothermally carbonized PKS biomass waste (AC-PKS) with MnO2 nanoparticles. Carbon activation in this study was carried out using chemical and physical activation approaches to produce a microporous structure with a high surface area. The AC-PKS/MnO2 composite was then synthesized through a redox reaction deposition using KMnO4 to create materials that exhibit potential properties between double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitive behavior. Electrochemical testing with CV and GCD showed an increase in the specific capacitance of the AC-PKS/MnO2 composite of 67.85 and 46.91 F/g, respectively. These findings indicate the scientific contribution of combining biomass-derived activated carbon with metal oxides as a potential supercapacitor electrode. The implications of these results suggest that AC-PKS/MnO2 not only offers a sustainable material solution but also opens up opportunities for the development of high-capacity supercapacitor electrodes for future energy storage applications, particularly in renewable energy and environmentally friendly technologies.
Co-Authors Abd. Karim Abdul Haris Watoni Abdul Karim Abdul Muiz Amir, Abdul Muiz Abdul Rahim Muhammad Abdul Wahid Wahab Abdur Rahman Arif, Abdur Rahman Abshor Marantika Ade Irma Suryani Affan, Fajar Ahmad Zulfan, Ahmad Ahyar Ahmad Amalia, Nala AMELIA, NUR Anisa Anisa Anna Islamiyati Arfah, Rugaiyah Arfah, Rugaiyah A Arfah, Rugaiyah Andi Arif, Ainun Rezkiva Arman Arman Armus, Rakhmad Asih Handayani, Sri Azmi, Khusnul Ulul Baso Pallawagau Bustanur, Bustanur Candra, Filtra Delia, Dwi Anisa Despira, Despira Dianti, Ratna Diany Mairiza Djabal Nur Basir Djabal Nur Basir Eka Anggriani Odja Erlinda Yurisinthae Faiq Ainurrofiq Fatira Wahidah, Fatira Fauziah, St Firman, Nur Faiizah Aqiilah Fitriyana, Rinda Fuad Fathurahman, Achmad Gani Rachim, St. Annisa Gappa, Maming Gusrini, Wike Hasnah Natsir Hidayat Hidayat Indah Raya Irmawanti, Irmawanti Kamalin, Muhammad Kolo, La La Kalamu, La Yusran Lismawati, Lismawati Lubis, Haniah Mahandika, Diani Maini, Nur Maming Maming Maming Mardianti, Riska Mardiyah, Suci Maswati Baharuddin Maulidiyah Maulidiyah Mifta Hasda Mohd. Winario Muh. Edihar Muhammad Nadir Muhammad Nurdin Muhammad Syaipudin Muliadi Munandar, Nurharis Muzakkar, Muhammad Zakir Nunuk Hariani Soekamto Nur, Rahman NURAENI, ANDI Nurmaini Nurmaini Nursiah La Nafie Paulina Taba Permatasari Hasra, Adji Permatasari, Nur Umriani Prastawa Budi Putra, Muhammad Nanda Dwi Putri, Berliana R, Irwan Rahmawati, Rahmawati Rasyid, Herlina Ratna Ratna Rella, Sindiy Amay Ridhwan Rifqil Khairi Rima Meilita Sari Rinaldi Rinaldi Rinda Fithriyana Romus, Mahendra Rusnaenah, Andi Saefullah Sari, Efti Novita Sari, Ummi Saru Reza Seniwati Dali Sirajang, Nasrah Siswantari Pratiwi Sitti Rahmah St Fauziah, St Fauziah St. Fauziah Sumarni, Sitti Syaharuddin Kasim Syamsiar, Syamsiar Syamsuriyanti Syarifah Aeni Rahman Ta'bi, Widi Aprilia Tamrin Tamrin Urfan, Faiz Usrah, Muhammad Jayzul Wahyu Febri Ramadhan Sudirman Wahyuti, Wahyuti Yoly, Zafia Sarina Yuniantoro, Yuniantoro Yusafir Hala Zubaidah Assyifa