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All Journal Althea Medical Journal As-syifaa Jurnal Farmasi MATAPPA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Ensiklopedia of Journal Humaniora ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies JPM: JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (ABDIRA) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Undergraduate Conference Proceeding Veritas Lux Mea (Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen) Edu Society: Jurnal Pendidikan, Ilmu Sosial dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar (JIPDAS) Proceeding National Conference Business, Management, and Accounting (NCBMA) Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, dan Akuntansi) Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bangsa Indonesian Journal of Physiotherapy FAWAID: Sharia Economic Law Review PEDAMAS (Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development JURNAL ILMIAH PENELITIAN MAHASISWA Jurnal Medika: Medika SIKIP: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Meilani Meilani, Meilani
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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

 1 
Upcycling EAF graphite electrode waste into graphene-oxide–doped PEDOT:PSS for inverted perovskite solar cells Denny, Yus Rama; Fadli, Mohamad; Santoso, Muhammad Iman; Ramdani, Sulaeman Deni; Jafar, Rafa; Meilani, Meilani
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.62013

Abstract

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used as a hole-transport layer (HTL) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but its acidity and moisture affinity can limit device performance. This study aimed to evaluate a circular-materials route by upcycling electric-arc-furnace (EAF) graphite-electrode waste into graphene oxide (GO) and applying GO-doped PEDOT:PSS as an HTL modifier, while identifying a practical low-temperature processing window for inverted PSCs under ambient conditions. Graphene oxide was synthesized from EAF graphite waste and dispersed in water (1 mg mL⁻¹), then blended with PEDOT:PSS at different loadings. Inverted PSCs with an ITO/GO-doped PEDOT:PSS/CH₃NH₃PbI₃₋ₓClₓ/PCBM/Ag architecture were fabricated in ambient laboratory air (25–27 °C; RH ≈ 40%) without a glovebox. The effects of GO loading and perovskite annealing temperature (70–130 °C) were evaluated using J–V measurements under AM1.5G illumination, supported by SEM and XRD analyses. Moderate GO addition was associated with improved film coverage and fewer pinholes, while XRD indicated better phase formation near 100 °C. In contrast, excessive annealing (≈130 °C) increased PbI₂ signatures and coincided with severe performance degradation. The optimum condition (600 µL GO per 1 mL PEDOT:PSS and 100 °C annealing) produced a champion power conversion efficiency of 0.80%, with VOC = 0.795 V, JSC = 3.48 mA cm⁻², and FF = 28.9%. Although the efficiency remained modest, the results demonstrated the feasibility of waste-derived GO as a functional PEDOT:PSS interfacial modifier and established a low-temperature processing window governing film integrity and degradation signatures in inverted PSCs, providing a basis for further optimization.
Co-Authors Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum Adidharma, Kadek Satria Ahmad Jailani, Ahmad Alimin, Erina Andi Rizky Arbaim Hasyar Angel Angel Annida Nurul F. A., Annisa Nurul Ilmi dan Fauzan Ibram M. Aras, Djohan Arlin Adam, Arlin Bela, Adel Salsa Bukhori, Iskandar Ciptawan, Ciptawan Dwi Wahyu Indriati, Dwi Wahyu Dyna, Fitri Fadillah, Nurkhumairah Fadillah, Salsa Fadli, Mohamad Fatmawati Fatmawati Febrianti, Vera Febtrina, Rizka Fernando, Andreas Gukguk, Melisa Raja Haq, Dhiyaul Hasmar, Wahyu Nuraini Hasnal, M Raaf Hasnal, Nopianti Sa'dan Herwin Herwin, Herwin Inayati Inayati Indah Permata Sari intani, Reski amalia Irwan Septayuda Jafar, Rafa Juanda Juanda Khong, Rifin Lila Maria Kaban Luzar, Laura Christina Malinda, Ana Manik, Octo Adelina Marlindawati Marlindawati, Marlindawati Masanori Kameoka, Masanori Misliani, Ade Muhammad Iman Santoso Muhammad Qushai Yunifiar M, Muhammad Qushai Nanan Sekarwana Naniwijaya, Cahaya Nasronudin Nasronudin Nur Azizah Nurhalili, Nurhalili Pebryanti, Kania Putri Pratama, Andrias Prof. Ir. Sofia W. Alisjahbana, M.Sc., Ph.D., Prof. Ir. Sofia W. Rahmadi, Afdal Ramadhani, Alya Rambe, Mirza Syadat Rani Anggraini, Rani Raudhatul Mardiyah Risma Artika Rohman, Ahmad Bad’u Qotri Roikhan Mochamad Aziz, Roikhan Mochamad Sabilla, Hijriya Safitri, Aninditha Dwi Sainuddin, Sudirman Saniyah, Fitri Minhatus Saragih, Hafizah Soraya Setiawan Setiawan Shuhei Ueda, Shuhei Siraz, Ahmad Siregar, Mutiara Dewi Siti Nurhayati Nafsiah Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah Soedarso, Nick Sudani, Ni Nyoman tri Suhaila, Siti Sulaeman Deni Ramdani Supratno, Haris Syahfitri, Nabila Tigor Yeheskiel, Tigor Tomohiro Kotaki, Tomohiro Ulla, Aizatul Utama, Damas Warbun, Tobias Witabora, Jonata Yudiastuti, Helda Yuni Susanti Pratiwi, Yuni Susanti Yus Rama Denny, Yus Rama Zahroh, Sekar Aini Zamhari, Ahmad Zamli Zizih, Andi Rezah Tenri