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Fabrikasi dan Studi Stabilitas Self-Nano Emulsifying Propolis menggunakan Minyak Kesturi sebagai Pembawa Syukri, Yandi; Kholidah, Ziyyatul; Chabib, Lutfi
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 6 No 3 (2019): J Sains Farm Klin 6(3), Desember 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.6.3.265-273.2019

Propolis merupakan resin yang sukar larut dalam air yang dihasilkan lebah, berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri, antioksidan, serta antiinflamasi. Salah satu metode untuk meningkatkan kelarutan obat adalah teknologi self-nano emulsifying (SNE). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan formulasi, karakterisasi, dan studi stabilitas SNE propolis dengan pembawa minyak kesturi, cremophor RH 40, dan PEG 400. Preparasi SNE dilakukan dengan mencampurkan propolis dengan pembawa. Area nanoemulsi ditentukan dengan konstruksi diagram fase terner. Karakterisasi dilakukan dengan penentuan ukuran partikel, zeta potensial, transmitan, stabilitas termodinamika, uji ketahanan, dan uji stabilitas dipercepat. Daerah nanoemulsi terdapat pada F1-F9 dengan range komposisi minyak kesturi (10-30%), cremophor RH 40 (40-80%), dan PEG 400 (10-40%). Kesembilan formula menghasilkan nilai transmitan pada 96-99%, ukuran partikel 10-40 nm, serta zeta potensial kurang dari -40 mV. Uji ketahanan menunjukkan hasil yang baik pada F4 (1: 5: 4), F5 (2: 7: 1), dan F6 (2: 6: 2). Uji stabilitas dipercepat, F5 (2: 7: 1) menghasilkan SNE yang paling optimal karena tidak teramati pemisahan fase dan pengendapan, dengan karakterisasi nilai transmitan antara 97-99%, ukuran partikel antara 16-19 nm, dan nilai PDI 0,1-0,2. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa SNE propolis dengan pembawa minyak kesturi, cremophor RH 40, dan PEG 400 menghasilkan karakteristik dan profil stabilitas yang baik.

A Literature Review: Antimicrobial Phenolic Compounds in Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Ipaenin, Jahiria; Chabib, Lutfi; Hasnaeni, Hasnaeni; Tunny, Risman
Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia Vol 13, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/hjkk.v13i1.14583

In various countries, testing of phenolic compounds in plants is always carried out because these compounds have various health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. The types of medicinal plants in Indonesia are known to be very diverse where those included in the medicinal plant group reach more than 1000 species, one of which is nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) itself is native to the Maluku Islands, Indonesia. However, besides the Moluccas, nutmeg is also cultivated in several other tropical countries. The main objective of this literature review is to critically examine the antimicrobial properties and identify the specific antimicrobial components of phenolic compounds contained in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) The methodology used in this study involved a comprehensive literature review by utilizing reputable academic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct related to articles published between 2019 and 2024. The results of this study were obtained through a thorough search process, resulting in eight articles that were considered to meet the established inclusion criteria. A number of articles showed the effectiveness of nutmeg as an antimicrobial because nutmeg contains phenolic compounds that have antibacterial and antifungal properties, which make it effective as an antimicrobial agent. Therefore, with a more comprehensive understanding of the content of phenolic compounds and their mechanism of action, nutmeg can be a further basis for study in the health sector and the pharmaceutical industry.

Nanoemulgel Formulation of Eleutherine palmifolia Onion Bulb Extract and Its Effectiveness in Wound Healing Faisal, Muhammad; Chabib, Lutfi; Dewi, Melynia Sintha; Gani, Michael Raharja; Dwiastuti, Rini
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 21, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.007454

Eleutherine palmifolia onion, an indigenous medicinal plant from Borneo, is empirically applied to treat wound healing. The objective of this study is to formulate its extract and assess its in vivo wound healing activity. Eleutherine palmifolia onion was extracted with a 96% ethanol solvent. The extract of the Dayak onion bulb was then formulated into a nanoemulsion by applying the DOE method of 2-level factorial design. Four nanoemulsion formulations were further analyzed to obtain the optimal formulation. The particle size analysis and % transmittance was performed using a particle size analyzer and an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the Minitab 19 application with the DOE factorial design method. The three nanoemulgel formulations containing 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% extract were further investigated for wound healing efficacy in rats. The duration of wound closure was analyzed using paired t-tests. The best nanoemulsion formulation was made with 22.5 mL of Tween 80 and 2 mL of isopropyl myristate oil. This produced particles that were 12.13 nm in size and a 99.12% transmittance rate. Wound length measurements were taken daily for 15 days. The statistical test results of p0.05 indicate that the nanoemulgel of the extract has significant activity in wound healing. The optimal nanoemulsion formula is formula A, and the effective dose of Dayak onion extract nanoemulgel is 5% and 7.5% concentrations, with a wound healing time of 13 days.

Formulation of Nanoemulsion Sunscreen of Centella asiatica (L.) Extract and Its Effectivity Test Dwiastuti, Rini; Kinanti, Valentina Putri Embun; Gelu, Maria Andriani; Setiawati, Agustina; Chabib, Lutfi
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 22, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.009910

Sunscreen protects against ultraviolet (UV) rays. It has a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value. Centella asiatica (L.) is a herbal plant that contains flavonoid and triterpenoid compounds as antiphotoaging agents. Development of Centella asiatica (L.) extract in nanoemulsion preparation increases its solubility in water and absorption. This study aims to obtain the optimum formula of Centella asiatica (L.) nanoemulsion preparation from the combined use of Tween-80 and Propylen glycol surfactants and determine the effectiveness of Centella asiatica (L.) extract in vitro. The effectiveness of Centella asiatica (L.) extract was tested in vitro using UV-Vis spectrophotometry expressed by SPF value. Development of Centella asiatica (L.) extract nanoemulsion formula using a combination of surfactants Tween-80 and Propylen glycol with factorial design 2 factors and 2 levels. P-value0.05 stated that there is a statistically significant difference in the formula. Centella asiatica (L.) extract has protective power against UV rays at concentrations of 120, 240, and 360 xg with SPF-values of 8.999, 19.219, and 29.569, respectively. Meanwhile, the nanoemulsion response analysis revealed the response of the nanoemulsion produced (p0.05). The optimum formula obtained was found in the nanoemulsion formula with a combination of Tween-80 and PG at a low level.

Analysis of the Influence of Brand Image, Product Quality and Perception of EduBP Product Price on Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction Mediation Variables Fachrodji, Achmad; Wulandari, Ririn; Chabib, Lutfi
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i5.49984

Indonesia’s literacy crisis, evidenced by its low PISA rankings (score: 371; rank: 74/79) and the collapse of major bookstores (e.g., Gunung Agung, Kinokuniya), underscores the urgency for innovative solutions like Balai Pustaka’s EduBP, a digital literacy platform. Despite its potential, EduBP’s sales remain low (16.5% of revenue), necessitating research into consumer behavior to enhance adoption. This study investigates how brand image, product quality, and price perception influence customer loyalty, mediated by customer satisfaction, in the context of EduBP’s digital platform. Using purposive sampling, 125 EduBP users were surveyed via Likert-scale questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SEM-PLS, with validity (KMO > 0.5; loading factor > 0.4) and reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha > 0.6) tests ensuring robustness. Brand image significantly drives satisfaction (β = 0.476, *p* = 0.001) and loyalty (β = 0.295, *p* = 0.004), while product quality shows no effect. Price perception indirectly affects loyalty (β = 0.703, *p* = 0.000) but not satisfaction. Customer satisfaction strongly mediates loyalty (β = 0.703, *p* = 0.000). Balai Pustaka must prioritize brand reputation and CRM strategies (e.g., after-sales service) over quality enhancements. Future research should explore market segmentation and technology acceptance factors (TAM) to refine digital literacy strategies. This study contributes to the nascent literature on digital product loyalty in emerging markets.

A Literature Review: Antimicrobial Phenolic Compounds in Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Ipaenin, Jahiria; Chabib, Lutfi; Hasnaeni, Hasnaeni; Tunny, Risman
Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/hjkk.v13i1.14583

In various countries, testing of phenolic compounds in plants is always carried out because these compounds have various health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. The types of medicinal plants in Indonesia are known to be very diverse where those included in the medicinal plant group reach more than 1000 species, one of which is nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) itself is native to the Maluku Islands, Indonesia. However, besides the Moluccas, nutmeg is also cultivated in several other tropical countries. The main objective of this literature review is to critically examine the antimicrobial properties and identify the specific antimicrobial components of phenolic compounds contained in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) The methodology used in this study involved a comprehensive literature review by utilizing reputable academic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct related to articles published between 2019 and 2024. The results of this study were obtained through a thorough search process, resulting in eight articles that were considered to meet the established inclusion criteria. A number of articles showed the effectiveness of nutmeg as an antimicrobial because nutmeg contains phenolic compounds that have antibacterial and antifungal properties, which make it effective as an antimicrobial agent. Therefore, with a more comprehensive understanding of the content of phenolic compounds and their mechanism of action, nutmeg can be a further basis for study in the health sector and the pharmaceutical industry.

Optimization and Physical Characterization of Kojic Acid Nanoemulsion Formula As A Whitening Agent Guanse, Yovi; Dwiastuti, Rini; Jenita Gandi, Brigita Tuelvin; Chabib, Lutfi
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 22, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.009968

Kojic acid (KA) as a topical formulation prevents hyperpigmentation through the inhibition of tyrosinase activity. However, KA has higher solubility in nonpolar solvents. Nanoparticle technology can be a novel innovation to enhance KA absorption into the skin. This study aims to improve the delivery of topically applied KA by enhancing absorption into the stratum corneum by optimizing the concentration of surfactant Tween 80 and co-surfactant Span 80. The nanoemulsion uses KA as an active ingredient and virgin coconut oil as the oil phase. The optimum area was analyzed using Design-Expert® 13 software, with a pure experimental design based on a 2x2 factorial design. The results indicate that all formulas are within the optimal region. Therefore, the determination of the optimal point can be grounded on the smallest composition within the optimal region with the objective of maximizing material efficiency, which is a formula with a concentration of Tween 80 and Span 80 of 10 grams and 3 grams, respectively. The particles are a spherical smooth shape and demonstrate an efficacy of 94.117% in inhibiting tyrosinase activity.

Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Validation for Micro-dissolution Analysis of Ketoconazole in Alginate-Acacia Gum Composite Capsules Lumakso, Fajar Aji; Annisa, Viviane; Cermenda, Riska; Chabib, Lutfi
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 4 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.24078

Ketoconazole, a BCS Class 2 antifungal drug, has good absorption but suffers from low solubility and poor bioavailability. To address this, a natural polymer-based matrix of alginate and acacia gum was formulated to enhance dissolution. This study aimed to validate a Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography method for analyzing ketoconazole content in micro-dissolution testing of capsule formulations. The method employed a C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile:WFI (0.15% TEA, pH 3.5; 50:50) at 1 mL/min and detection at 265 nm. Validation demonstrated compliance with selectivity, linearity (r = 0.9996), sensitivity (LoD 6.51 µg/mL; LoQ 19.74 µg/mL), accuracy (99.6–101.3%), and precision (<2%, except one interday result at 2.08%). Micro-dissolution testing showed sustained ketoconazole release, exceeding 100% within 240 minutes. Data modeling (performed using DDSolver) indicated comparable fit for the Higuchi (R²_adj = 0.96) and Korsmeyer (R²_adj = 0.93) models, suggesting diffusion-controlled release of ketokonazole. The validated UHPLC method is suitable for micro-dissolution studies, and the alginate-acacia gum formulation effectively modulates drug release.

Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Validation for Micro-dissolution Analysis of Ketoconazole in Alginate-Acacia Gum Composite Capsules Lumakso, Fajar Aji; Annisa, Viviane; Cermenda, Riska; Chabib, Lutfi
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 4 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.24078

Ketoconazole, a BCS Class 2 antifungal drug, has good absorption but suffers from low solubility and poor bioavailability. To address this, a natural polymer-based matrix of alginate and acacia gum was formulated to enhance dissolution. This study aimed to validate a Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography method for analyzing ketoconazole content in micro-dissolution testing of capsule formulations. The method employed a C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile:WFI (0.15% TEA, pH 3.5; 50:50) at 1 mL/min and detection at 265 nm. Validation demonstrated compliance with selectivity, linearity (r = 0.9996), sensitivity (LoD 6.51 µg/mL; LoQ 19.74 µg/mL), accuracy (99.6–101.3%), and precision (<2%, except one interday result at 2.08%). Micro-dissolution testing showed sustained ketoconazole release, exceeding 100% within 240 minutes. Data modeling (performed using DDSolver) indicated comparable fit for the Higuchi (R²_adj = 0.96) and Korsmeyer (R²_adj = 0.93) models, suggesting diffusion-controlled release of ketokonazole. The validated UHPLC method is suitable for micro-dissolution studies, and the alginate-acacia gum formulation effectively modulates drug release.

Riview Literatur : Aktivitas Daun Yakon (Smallanthus Sonchifolus) Sebagai Antibakteri Terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus Lutfi Chabib; Arba Pramundita; Prima Aulia Putra; Hady Anshory
Jurnal Ners Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v9i2.44403

Kulit merupakan organ tubuh terluas yang menutupi seluruh bagian tubuh dan memiliki peran penting untuk melindungi organ tubuh. Posisi kulit terluar menyebabkan kulit rentan terkena penyakit kulit dan terjadi infeksi. Mayoritas infeksi kulit disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), yaitu bakteri gram positif yang dapat menyerang kekebalan tubuh. Salah satu cara untuk membunuh bakteri adalah menggunakan zat yang mengandung antibakteri. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi menjadi antibakteri adalah Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius). Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa daun yakon memiliki kandungan flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Senyawa lain yaitu seskuiterpen lakton juga ditemukan pada daun yakon dan memiliki aktivias antibakteri. Penggunaan ekstrak daun yakon pada konsentrasi 15% menghasilkan aktivitas antibakteri yang sangat kuat. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam tinjauan jurnal ini adalah tinjauan naratif, yang melibatkan pemeriksaan ekstensif literatur nasional dan internasional. Temuan pustaka menunjukkan bahwa daun yakon memiliki sifat antibakteri dan menghasilkan zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus).

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