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Uji aktivitas antibakteri formulasi sediaan sabun padat transparan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) terhadap bakteri Cutibacterium acnes Siti Aisyah Jamil; Yayuk Putri Rahayu; Minda Sari Lubis; Haris Munandar Nasution
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.234

Abstract

Acne is a skin disease that begins with an increase in sebum production which is exacerbated by an attack by the Cutibacterium acnes bacteria. Currently, there are many anti-acne preparations, one of which is in the form of soap, but only a few contain natural herbs. One plant that has an active substance or agent that has the potential to prevent and treat acne leaves belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bililmbi L.) with its antibacterial properties. Besides having the potential to prevent and treat acne, this plant is also very easy to find in Indonesia. This research was conducted to see whether starfruit leaf extract could be formulated as soap preparation and whether it had antibacterial properties against Cutibacterium acnes. The research method for fresh starfruit leaves was made into Simplicia and extracted using 96% ethanol, phytochemical screening was carried out on fresh starfruit leaves and extracts. Transparent solid soap formulation with belimbing wuluh leaf extract with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Evaluation preparations included physical quality tests, pH tests, foam height and stability tests, skin moisture tests, irritation tests, Panelist preference tests, and antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes. The results and conclusions show that fresh starfruit leaves and extracts contain compounds belonging to class alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and glycosides. Belimbing wuluh leaf extract can be formulated into transparent solid soap preparation, has a distinctive aroma extract, is homogeneous, pH 9-11, with spreadability 26-29mm. Antibacterial activity included the insensitive category at all concentrations. The panelist's preferred formula was preparation with a concentration of 2.5%
Efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun bisbul (Diospyros discolor Willd) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes Nanda Nadia; D. Elysa Putri Mambang; M. Pandapotan Nasution; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.240

Abstract

The bisbul plant (Dyospiros discolor Willd) is a plant whose fruit is often consumed by the public. Bisbul leaves are known to have antibacterial and antifungal activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the ethanol extract of bisbul leaves (Diospyros discolor Willd) has antibacterial effectiveness against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. This research was conducted using experimental methods which included sample collection, macroscopic examination, microscopic examination, simplex preparation, characteristic examination, phytochemical screening, preparation of ethanol extract, and testing of antibacterial effectiveness against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The results of the macroscopic examination conducted on the bisbul leaf simplex were brownish-green leaves, flat edges, 5 cm long leaves, 4 cm wide leaves, had a distinctive odor and a slightly bitter taste. The simplex characteristic results obtained water content of 4%, water-soluble essence content of 21%, 23% ethanol-soluble extract content, 4.8% total ash content and 0.3% acid-insoluble ash content. Phytochemical screening of simplex powder and ethanol extract of bisbul leaves showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids, saponins and glycosides. The results of the antibacterial effectiveness test of the ethanol extract of bisbul leaves showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone was larger at a concentration of 80%, namely 15.98 mm, compared to concentrations of 70% and 60%, namely 15.43 mm and 14.18 mm. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of bisbul leaves can provide antibacterial effectiveness against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.
Skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun kayu Jawa ((Lannea coromandelica) (Houtt) Merr terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis Munaziatul Jannah; Haris Munandar Nasution; M. Pandapotan Nasution; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.241

Abstract

Jawa wood (Lannea coromandelica) (Houtt.) Merr. is a tropical plant that has potential as a medicinal plant. Almost all parts of this plant can be used in traditional medicine. This wild plant can be found easily in various locations such as home gardens, roadsides and community gardens. This study aims to evaluate the potential antibacterial activity of ethanol extract from the leaves of Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelica) (Houtt.) Merr. Against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. This research used experimental methods involving sample collection, macroscopic examination, microscopic examination, simplicia making, characteristic examination, Phytochemical Screening, and Antibacterial Activity Test using ethanol extract from Kayu Jawa ((Lannea coromandelica) (Houtt) Merr) against the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, using the agar diffusion method. Macroscopic examination results show that the leaves of Kayu Jawa have a tapered shape with a total of 7-11 strands. The flowers produced are single and yellowish-green in color, while the fruit has seeds of a certain length. Microscopic examination reveals the upper epidermis, palisade fragments, coral flowers, and wooden vessels with thickened spirals and stairs. The characteristics of simplicia show a water content of 4%, soluble essence content in water 21%, soluble essence content in ethanol 23%, total ash content of 4.8%, and insoluble ash content of 0.4% acid. The results of phytochemical screening on simplicia powder and ethanol extract of Kayu Jawa leaves showed contents such as alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids, saponins and glycosides. The antibacterial activity test showed that Jawa wood showed potential as an antibacterial agent, with different inhibitory abilities depending on the concentration used. At a concentration of 20%, an inhibition zone of 6.85 mm was observed against Propionibacterium acnes and 5.75 mm against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Meanwhile, at a concentration of 80%, the area of inhibition increased to 14.15 mm against Propionibacterium acnes and 11.75 mm against Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Skrining Fitokimia, Formulasi, dan Karakteristik Fisik Sediaan Soothing Gel Daging Daun Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.) Rosalinda Mahdalena Sinaga; Minda Sari Lubis; Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.274

Abstract

The content of aloe vera (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.) can make the skin not dry quickly and feel moisturised. Soothing gel is a preparation that works effectively to restore skin moisture, provide comfort and a cooling effect on red and irritated skin so that the skin condition returns to normal and prevents skin dryness. The study aimed to determine the various secondary metabolites in aloe vera leaf flesh, to determine differences in concentrations of aloe vera leaf flesh in soothing gel preparations on the physical characteristics of the practices and to determine material changes before and after stability tests were carried out using the cycling test method. The research method was used experimental, with the independent variables varying the aloe vera leaf flesh concentration 0% (blank), 1%, 2%, and 3%, and the dependent variable secondary metabolites and physical characteristics. The sample preparation method is wet sorting, and other methods used are phytochemical screening, viscometry, and cycling tests. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that aloe vera leaf flesh contains secondary metabolites of flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The results of the soothing gel formulation with variations in the aloe vera leaf flesh concentration of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% showed differences in colour, distinctive aroma, consistency, spreadability, adhesion, pH, and viscosity that met the requirements. The stability test results using the cycling test method showed physical changes in consistency, spreadability, adhesion, pH, and viscosity. However, these changes still met the requirements for good gel preparation according to SNI 16-4399-1996.
Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol asam sunti terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans Novika Utami; Haris Munandar Nasution; Rafita Yuniari; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.286

Abstract

Asam sunti is belimbing wuluh, which is processed into a special food additive from Aceh Province because it becomes dregs and interferes. Belimbing is processed into asam sunti for seasoning or additional dishes. Belimbing contains active compounds such as alkaloids, triterpenoids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. Because Belimbing has an antibacterial pharmacological effect, it has been shown to fight bacteria that cause dental caries. The main cause of dental caries is the activity of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The researcher took the research problem regarding the test of the inhibitory power of asam sunti extract. They know the antibacterial activity of 96% ethanol extract. The method used in this study was an experimental method with independent variables, namely asam sunti simplicia and asam sunti concentration. The main variables were the secondary characteristics and the metabolite content of the asam sunti ethanol extract. The tests included inhibiting asam sunti's ethanol extract against bacteria. The results of plant identification showed that the antibacterial inhibition zone of the ethanol extract of asam sunti belimbing wuluh ethanol extract with a concentration of 20% (18.54) mm, 40% (20.79) mm, and concentration of 60% (21.48) mm including Thus is known that the concentration of ethanol extract of asam sunti Belimbing wuluh on 20%-60% is an effective concentration to inhibit Streptococcus mutans bacteria The concentration of the ethanol extract has very strong antibacterial powder, causing a large inhibition zone.
Penetapan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak kayu raru (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib) berdasarkan perbedaan konsentrasi etanol dengan metode spektrofotometri Uv-Vis Elma Natasya; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.305

Abstract

The utilization of traditional medicinal plants for healing is the oldest form of medicine in the world. One of the plants that have many benefits and contain secondary metabolite compounds is raru bark (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib), used as a traditional medicine for diseases such as malaria, diarrhea, and diabetes. This study aims to determine what groups of compounds are contained in raru bark extract and the value of total flavonoid levels contained in raru bark extract in differences in ethanol concentrations (96%, 70%, 50%). The stages of this research include processing plant materials, making ethanol extracts of raru bark extract, characterization examination, phytochemical screening, and determining the total flavonoid content of raru bark ethanol extract. The section of raru bark was made by maceration method using 96%, 70%, and 50% ethanol. Then, the extract obtained was concentrated with a rotary evaporator, and the determination of total flavonoid content was carried out based on differences in ethanol concentration using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. The results showed that the ethanol extract of raru bark contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroid compounds. Determination of total flavonoid content by determining the maximum wavelength of quinine and calculating entire flavonoid content by UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. The results of the decision of complete flavonoid content of raru bark ethanol extract at 96% concentration are 1.9915 ± 0.0139 mg QE/g, 70% is 1.12492 ± 0.01532 mg QE/g, and for 50% is 0.95197 ± 0.01516 mg QE/g. So, the best ethanol concentration to produce flavonoid levels is 96%, which is higher than other ethanol concentrations.
Penetapan kadar fenolik total ekstrak kayu raru (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib) berdasarkan perbedaan konsentrasi etanol dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis Lastri Afni; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.306

Abstract

Many Indonesian people use or use plants as traditional medicine; one plant that has many benefits is raru bark (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib), which is used as a traditional medicine in various diseases such as diarrhea, malaria, and diabetes. This study aims to find out what classes of compounds are found in raru bark extract and to determine the value of total phenolic levels contained in raru bark extract in various concentrations (96%, 70%, 50%). The stages of this research include processing plant materials, making raru bark ethanol extract, characterization examination, phytochemical screening, and determining total phenolic levels of raru bark extract based on differences in ethanol concentration by UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The results showed that raru bark ethanol extract contains compounds, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and phenolics. Determination of total phenolic content by determining the maximum wavelength of gallic acid and calculation of entire phenolic content by UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Results of selecting the whole phenolic content of raru bark ethanol extract at a concentration of 96%; 28,6544±0,1548 mgGAE/g, 70%; 23,9682±0,1270 mgGAE/g, 50%; 20,5825±0,1993 mgGAE/g, then the phenolic content that best produces total phenolic levels is raru bark ethanol extract (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib) concentration of 96%.
Skrining fitokimia dan isolasi senyawa steroid/triterpenoid dari ekstrak n-heksana daun Pepaya (Carrica papaya L) Cindy Widya Rosa Br Simarmata; Haris Munandar Nasution; M Pandapotan Nasution; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.324

Abstract

In Indonesia, papaya plants are common in several areas, from Sabang to Merauke. As a tropical country, almost all corners of Indonesia have various shapes and different types of papayas. Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) contain tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins which act as antiparasitics. This research aims to determine the results of the chemical compound groups found in papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.). To determine the characteristics of isolates from n-hexane extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) using UV and IR spectrophotometry. This research includes making simplicia from papaya leaves, then phytochemical screening, then simplicia characterization, then making extracts from papaya leaf simplicia, after that analysis of the extract using the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method, then isolation using column chromatography (KK), purity testing using Two-way thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the isolation obtained were identified using ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry and infrared (IR) spectrophotometry. The results of the characterization of the Carica papaya L Simplicia showed that the water content was 4%, the water-soluble essence content was 16.64%, the ethanol-soluble essence content was 11.6%, the total ash content was 9.88%, the ash content was 0. 66%, the results of the phytochemical screening of Carica papaya L., simplicial contain steroid/triterpenoid compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins. The results of the isolated analysis showed that the isolate obtained was a violet-colored steroid/triterpenoid compound. The isolate obtained was analyzed using UV light spectrophotometry, giving an absorbance at a wavelength of 207 nm, indicating that there was a chromophore group. The IR spectrophotometry results showed OH, aliphatic CH, and CH2 groups, CH3, C=O and CO.
Prevalensi bakteri Salmonella sp. pada daging ayam potong di pasar tradisional, pasar modern, dan merek terkenal di kota Medan. Lulu Ilma Khoirun Nissa; Yayuk Putri Rahayu; D. Elysa Putri Mambang; Anny Sartika Daulay
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.330

Abstract

Chicken is a source of animal protein for humans. Chicken meat generally contains unsaturated fat; chicken meat also has a compact meat texture and simple protein, so it is easily digested. However, chicken meat can also be contaminated with Salmonella sp. Pathogenic bacteria can cause typhus or typhoid fever, caused by traders' lack of cleanliness and hygiene or their environment. Research was conducted to identify the presence of Salmonella sp. Pathogenic bacteria and analysing the value of Salmonella sp. Pathogenic bacteria contamination that met the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), namely harmful/25g in chicken meat from traditional markets, modern markets, and well-known brands in Medan City, and to determine the prevalence value of Salmonella sp. Bacteria. The method of research uses Total Plate Count (TPC). An identification test is first carried out to calculate and determine the presence of bacteria in a test sample for the existence of Salmonella sp. Pathogenic bacteria and choose the total value of contaminants using a Total Plate Count (TPC), then identify using a gram staining test. These biochemical tests include the indole test, MRVP test, citrate test, urea test, TSIA test, and LIA test. Then, the last one determines the Prevalence value of Salmonella sp. Bacteria. The results showed that the samples of traditional market and modern market chicken meat were positive for the presence of the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella sp. by obtaining Subgenus Salmonella Typhimurium on N2H8 sample code APTL and APTB, N3H15 sample code APTL, APTB, APMI and obtaining Subgenus Salmonella Thypi on N3H15 sample code APMS and the contamination value of the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella sp. Exceeds the threshold and does not meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), namely negative/25g. The prevalence value obtained by the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella sp. in broiler meat at Traditional Markets, Modern Markets, and well-known brands is 75%, 50%, and 0%, respectively.
Skrining fitokimia dan isolasi senyawa steroid/triterpenoid dari ekstrak n-heksana biji nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam). Tawir Rina Rezeki; Haris Munandar Nasution; M Pandapotan Nasution; Yayuk Putri Rahayu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.331

Abstract

Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) merupakan tumbuhan yang dapat berkembang dengan baik di wilayah tropis seperti Indonesia. Biji Nangka mengandung senyawa kimia jenis steroid/triterpenoid, termasuk beberapa jenis steroid yang memiliki manfaat sebagai bahan dalam obat-obatan, seperti estrogen, progestin, dan kardenolida. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan pengujian secara fitokimian dan juga mengisolasi senyawa steroid/ triterpenoid biji Nangka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental, termasuk proses ekstraksi senyawa dengan metode maserasi dan isolasi senyawa aktif melalui kromatografi kolom. Identifikasi isolat murni dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV dan spektrofotometri IR. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan keberadaan senyawa steroid/triterpenoid, glikosida, dan alkaloida dalam sampel. Isolat tersebut memiliki warna ungu dengan nilai RF 0,25, dan puncak absorbansi maksimum terletak pada panjang gelombang 208,20 nm, menunjukkan adanya gugus kromofor. Hasil spektrofotometri IR menunjukkan adanya gugus seperti OH, -CH alifatis, CH2, CH3, C=O, C-O, dan C=C. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa isolat yang diperoleh termasuk dalam golongan senyawa steroid/triterpenoid.  
Co-Authors Adelia Ramadani Adelia Ramadani Adli Nuzula Rahmah Ahmad Gozali Siregar Alfi Wahyudi Nasution Amaliana, Amaliana Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika. D Ayu , Tri Indah Pagar Barutu, Liza Anisa Shevia Burju Artha Marshalina Silitonga Cindy Widya Rosa Br Simarmata Cynthia Syahni D Elysa Putri Mambang D. Elysa Putri Mambang D. Elysa Putri Mambang D. Elysa Putri Mambang D. Elysa Putri Mambang Delvi Amira Hutagaol Dena, Mutia Dikki Miswanda Elma Natasya Fahira, Nelsa Fatikasari, Cilki Fithri Pulungan, Ainil Fitri Mulyani, Fitri Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe Habibie, Dian Harahap, Azmi Kurniawan Harahap, Siti Salimah Haris Munandar Nasution Hendri Gunawan Hutagaol, Delvi Amira Huzeila Nisa Siregar Ika Fitriani Ika Yeni Siahaan Khofifah , Nur Lastri Afni Leni Safriani Linda, Rosa Lisda Mayanti Lubis, Minda Sari Lubis, Nadya Frestika Lulu Ilma Khoirun Nissa M Pandapotan Nasution M Pandapotan Nasution M. Pandapotan Nasution M. Pandapotan Nasution Merani Phaustina Lumban Gaol Muhammad Amin Nasution Muhammad Arif Muhammad Hizbullah Muhammad Pandapotan Nasution Munaziatul Jannah Nadia Salsabilla Najwa Lailatulqodri Nanda Nadia Nasution , Muhammad Amin Nasution, M Pandapotan Nasution, M. Pandapotan Nelsa Fahira Nofa Lismandaria Nomi Noviani Novi Yuliandari Novika Utami Novriani Putri Santia Nurul Hasanah Oca Putri Nazuhra Oktavia, Sri Rahayu Prasetyo , Healthy Aldriany Rafita Yuniari Rafita Yuniart Rahman Halim Ridwanto Ridwanto Rosalinda Mahdalena Sinaga Rosalinda Mahdalena Sinaga Rossa, Aliffa Safira , Liyuza Selfiani Selfiani Sepriani, Ananda Shilvia, Fatin Sinaga, Rosalinda Mahdalena Siregar, Huzeila Nisa Siti Aisyah Jamil Sony , Suyefri Sopha, Diana Sri Wahyuni Supiyani, Supiyani Syarifah Elena Gultom Tawir Rina Rezeki Tusaddiah, Ria Winata, Ageng Tegar Yani, Farida Yayuk Yuliana Yuniarti, Rafita Zulmai Rani