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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia (JHI) Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Agri-Informatika Jurnal Hortikultura JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Agro Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Communications in Science and Technology Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Journal of Tropical Crop Science Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif International Journal of Agriculture System Jejak: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Universitas Jambi Policy Brief Pertanian, Kelautan, dan Biosains Tropika

Willy Bayuardi Suwarno

Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 586666

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Articles

Title

The Usefulness of Molecular Markers Approach for Developing Heterotic Groups in Maize Suwarno, Willy B
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 1 No 2 (2014): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

The phenomenon of heterosis provides a greatopportunity for plant breeders to gain greaterperformance and yield in the hybrids compared to theirinbred line parents. In most cross-pollinated crops likemaize, heterosis plays an important role as theperformance of the hybrids is of a great value. Heterosisgain much interest until recently and current studies stillattempt to elucidateone of these is utilizing molecularmarkers to estimate genetic distances among inbredlines followed by developing putative groups. In a welldened heterotic group, between-groups mating areexpected to produce better hybrids than within-groupsmating. Some studies of marker-aided heterotic groupdevelopment resulted in functional heterotic groups;while some other reported that the groups failed toprovide evidence of heterosis in the hybrids.Considering the prediction of hybrids' performance willdepend on genetic background of inbred lines, andmarkers technology are continuously improved, there isstill a good opportunity to obtain useful heterotic groupsfor a particular breeding population.Keywords: maize breeding, genetic distance, heterosis,molecular markers.

Proliferation of Protocorm-Like Bodies of Dendrobium mannii and Dendrobium mirbelianum in Chitosan-containing Media In Vitro Rahmah, Syifaur; Wiendi, Ni Made Armini; Suwarno, Willy B.; Krisantini, Krisantini
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Dendrobium mannii and Dendrobium mirbelianum were rare and endangered orchid species. In vitro micro propagation could be used to conserve and proliferate these species. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of chitosan on proliferation of the protocorm-like-bodies (PLBs) of in vitro grown Dendrobium mannii and D. mirbelianum. Chitosan has been reported as an important component to promote orchid growth in vitro. In this study chitosan was included in the in-vitro media at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg.L-1. The highest PLBs formation, clump diameter, and fresh weight on D. mannii were obtained from explants cultured on medium supplemented with 1 mg.L-1 chitosan. After 14 weeks of culture, fresh weight, clump diameter and average number of PLBs of D.mannii were 29.52 %, 33.00 % and 35.88% greater at chitosan (1 mg.L-1) compared to control media. D. mirbelianum treated with low chitosan concentrations (1 and 2 mg.L-1) had 65.71% more leaves than those without chitosan treatment. Chitosan, however, had an adverse effects on growth of both species at 4 mg.L-1. Medium contain 4 mg.L-1 chitosan induced PLBs proliferation of D.mannii, but inhibited PLBs proliferation of D.mirbelianum. These results suggested that chitosan had important roles in PLB proliferation and could be used for the propagation of D. mannii PLBs in vitro. Keywords: rare orchid species, in-vitro

Evaluation of Yield Components of New Sweet Corn Hybrids in Bogor, Indonesia Aprilianti, Devi Kurnia; Syukur, Muhamad; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 3 No 1 (2016): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

The demand of sweet corn in Indonesia has been increasing; therefore breeding efforts are aimed for high yielding sweet corn varieties with superior quality. This research was aimed to evaluate the yield of five newly developed sweet corn hybrids compared to the commercial varieties. The research was conducted at the Leuwikopo experimental field of IPB, and Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB Darmaga campus from September to December 2015. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Five new sweet corn hybrids, “ JM8 x JM2”, “JM8 x JM7”, “JM16 x JM8”, “JM17 x JM6” and “JM17 x JM7”, and four commercial varieties, “Bonanza”, “Master Sweet”, “Sugar 75” and “Sweet Boy”, were tested. The results showed that the new hybrids vary in plant height, days to anthesis, days to silking, ear height, ear length, sugar content, number of kernel rows, the weight of husked ear, and number of ears per plant, downy mildew infected area, and productivity. F1 of “JM8 x JM2” has longer ears than “Master Sweet” and “Sugar 75”, higher sugar content than “Sugar 75”, and higher resistance against downy mildew than “Master Sweet” and “Sweet Boy”.

Inheritance Of Shape And Kernel Color In Sweet Corn Using JM2 And JM4 Populations Nugroho, Rizki Anjal Puji; Syukur, Muhamad; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 5 No 3 (2018): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Corn kernel is one of the most important characters that correlate with corn yield and quality. Sweet corn kernels can be distinguished by its color which is either yellow and white or pale yellow. Sweet corn breeding by crossing genotypes with different kernel colors will affect the inheritance pattern of kernel color. The aims of this research were to understand the inheritance pattern in sweet corn kernel color by crossing yellow and pale yellow color with red and purple corn kernels using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Genetic materials consisted of P1 (JM2 and JM4) and P2 (Red and Purple) and F1, F2, F3, and F1 reciprocals. P1 consists of JM2 and JM4 with flint shape with yellow and pale yellow color; P2 consists of Red and purple with non-yellow colored kernel and flint shape. The results showed maternal effect influenced the kernel color, but did not affect the kernel shape. Epistatic effects were found in kernel shape but it was co-dominant on kernel color inheritance. Broad-sense heritability values were high for all quantitative variables. Keywords : color, heritability, pale yellow, purple, red, shape

Early Identification of Potentially Drought-Tolerant Doubled Haploid Rice Lines During the Seedling Stage Munandar, Arief; Purwoko, Bambang Sapto; Dewi, Iswari Saraswati; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Hadianto, Wira; Nurhidayah, Siti
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.346-357

Climate change and reduced crop yields caused by drought stress have increased the demand for drought-tolerant varieties. The anther culture technique allows the production of improved varieties with high homozygosity in a short time. The study aimed to select the drought-tolerant double haploid lines at the seedling stage. This research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Instrument Standard Testing (BBPSI Biogen), Bogor, from August to November 2023. The drought-tolerant selection of 12 doubled-haploid rice lines (AE1-AE12) and four check varieties, i.e., two commercial checks (“Inpari 18” Tadah Hujan Agritan or AE13, “Bioni63” Ciherang Agritan or AE14), one drought-tolerant check (“Salumpikit” or AE15), and one drought-sensitive check (“IR20” or AE16). The research used a randomized complete block design with three replications. The characters observed were leaf rolling, leaf drying, recovery ability, and plant fresh and dry weight. The Friedman test results showed that the lines with the lowest rankings, three lines (AE2, AE5, and AE12) with mild tolerant criteria for leaf rolling, five lines (AE1, AE2, AE5, AE8, and AE12) with mild tolerant criteria for leaf drying, and three lines (AE1, AE5, and AE12) with tolerant criteria for recovery ability. The selection index for drought tolerance at the seedling stage identified seven lines with positive values. Based on the Friedman test, selection index, and heatmap visualization, AE12, AE1, AE5, and AE8 exhibited a tolerance similar to “Salumpikit” and were deemed suitable based on drought tolerance characters.

Agronomic Performance and Selection of Doubled-Haploid Rice Lines for Rainfed Lowland Paddy Field da Cunha, Rojino; Purwoko, Bambang Sapta; Dewi, Iswari Saraswati; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 7 No. 03 (2020): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.7.03.148-161

Rainfed lowland rice cultivation is an alternative to increase national rice production. Breeding of high yielding rice varieties suitable for rainfed lowland condition can be accelerated by using doubled-haploid (DH) as genetic materials. This study aimed at obtaining information on the agronomic performance including yields in several DH rice lines and selecting DH lines suitable for rainfed lowland paddy field. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The treatment was thirty DH lines and 4 check varieties namely RJ31 Ciherang, RJ32 Inpari 18, RJ33 Inpari 40, and RJ43 Inpari 41. The results showed that there were variability in all agronomic performances, i.e., plant height, number of tillers, days to heading and to harvest, panicle length, number of filled and empty grains, 1000-grain weight and grain yield. The DH lines, namely RJ19 DR8-43-3-1 and RJ25 DR10-14-1-1, gave the same productivity as 4 check varieties. Index selection showed that twelve DH lines with medium number of productive tillers, early maturing, and productivity of more than 4.40 tons.ha-1 were selected for further evaluation.

Evaluation of Silica Uptake from Foliar-Applied Silicon Nanoparticles in Melon (Cucumis melo L.) under Soilless Culture Badrieh, Haian Amin; Widodo, Winarso Drajad; Susila, Anas Dinurrohman; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 03 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.03.135-145

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a fruit commodity that gets a great interest to be developed in Indonesia and has a high nutritional value. However, the fungal infection and pathogens in melon cultivation are considered significant problems that are difficult to manage. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve the productivity and quality of melon and prevent pest and disease attacks. One mineral nutrient that is assumed to enhance plant resistance and increase the quality and production of melon is silica. The purpose of the research was to evaluate silica absorption from foliar-applied silicon nanoparticles in melon under soilless culture and improve melon fruit's growth and quality by applying silica fertilizer. The experimental design used was a split-plot randomized complete block design 3 x 2 factorial pattern with four replicates. The main plot factor is silica fertilizer (Novelgro, water-soluble), consisting of three silica concentrations of 0.67; 1.33 ppm, and control. The spray volume of each treatment was 160 ml per plant with seven days' intervals and a frequency of three times. The subplot factor is melon varieties consisting of “Alisha” and “Glamour”. The findings showed that silica fertilizer significantly increased the plant height, stem diameter, internode length, total number of hermaphrodite flowers, number of hermaphrodite flowers that are swelling, while decreased the fruit moisture content and gave the best average fruit position. Instead, The “Glamour” variety gave the best response to plant growth and fruit quality. Moreover, the melon plant could absorb silica in the low category (<1% Si). The highest silica contents were found in the “Alisha” cultivar leaves and the “Glamour” cultivar's rinds treated with the silica concentration of 1.33 ppm as much as 0.34% and 0.30%, respectively.

The Effects of Watering Volume and Topping on the Fruit Quality of Two Melon Varieties in a Substrate Hydroponic System Ajitama, Trio Fanny; Susila, Anas Dinnurohman; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 11 No. 02 (2024): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.11.02.165-174

Melons are horticultural fruits with increasing demand and high economic value. In 2020, the export demand for melons was 388.98 tons, with key destinations including Hong Kong, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Germany, Malaysia, East Timor, and Singapore. However, quality degradation, such as fruit cracking, can negatively impact marketability. Dorais et al. (2004) identified several factors contributing to fruit splitting, including genetics, pruning time, water management (rain, high humidity, or intensive irrigation following drought), high temperatures, light, calcium content, and the strength of fruit cell walls. Effective and efficient cultivation practices are essential to mitigate these issues. This research aimed to determine the effect of watering volume and topping treatment on the growth and quality of two melon varieties in a substrate hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted from March 2021 to May 2021 in the greenhouse of the Leuwikopo IPB University Experimental Garden, located at an altitude of 218.79 meters above sea level. Two melon varieties were used: “Alisha” (V1) and “Glamour” (V2), with four replications for each treatment. The treatments were watering volume and topping. Watering consists of consistent watering volume of 250 ml per plant until harvest, variable watering volume according to the growth phase, i.e., 200 ml per plant, 300 ml per plant, and 350 ml per plant for phase, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The effects of the treatments on all agronomic traits and fruit quality were assessed. The results showed that topping did not significantly affect any of the agronomic traits or fruit quality. Maintaining a consistent watering volume of 250 ml per plant until harvest is beneficial for the growth and quality of melon varieties “Alisha” and “Glamour” in a substrate hydroponic system. Effective water management is crucial in melon cultivation to ensure high-quality fruit production and minimize issues such as fruit cracking. Future research could explore additional factors influencing melon quality and yield to further optimize cultivation practices.

Agronomic Performance of IPB Maize Hybrids and Combining Ability of the Lines Suwarno, Punjung Medaraji; Qadir, Abdul; Wijaya, Aldi Kamal; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 10 No. 02 (2023): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.144-151

Maize is a significant food crop consumed in numerous countries worldwide. Increasing the yield potential of maize can be achieved through the breeding of high-yielding hybrid varieties. The objectives of this study were to assess the performance of hybrid means and parent combining ability for grain yield and other agronomic traits using a line x tester mating design. The study took place at the Gunung Gede Experimental Station of IPB University, Bogor, from June to October 2022. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with a single genotype factor and three replications. Twenty-two hybrids were utilized as genetic materials, including 20 hybrid candidates and two check varieties. Six maize lines (H1, L26, Nei, P2B, and P42) were employed as line parents, while L15 and P10 were used as tester parents in the line x tester analysis. The neighbor-joining tree analysis indicated that the female parent has a significant influence on the agronomic and yield performance of the hybrids. Correlation analysis revealed that the yield is more strongly influenced by ear diameter rather than ear length, and it is more affected by the number of kernel rows than the number of kernels per row. Three selected hybrids with favorable traits were Nei x B1, L15 x L26, and L26 x P10. The parent L26 demonstrated relatively good general combining ability for yield and may be considered for future maize breeding program.

Improved Performance of SiDREB2-SNAP Marker in Foxtail Millet by Optimum Primer Concentration, PCR Cycle, and DNA Polymerase Specificity Wospakrik, Andrean Heskiel; Rizqullah, Ramadaniarto; Pahlevi, M Reza; Yudiansyah, Yudiansyah; Purwoko, Bambang Sapta; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; ARDIE, Sintho Wahyuning
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 01 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.01.103-113

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) is an emerging carbohydrate-producing crop. It is considered a climate-resilient crop due to its tolerance to abiotic stresses. Breeding for abiotic-tolerant crops requires powerful tools such as molecular markers. The single-nucleotide amplified polymorphism (SNAP) marker, developed from a single-nucleotide DNA variation at a specific location in the plant genome, is a simple yet powerful PCR-based marker widely used in phenotype-related selection. A SiDREB2-based SNAP marker was previously developed based on a base variation at the 558th base pair (an A/G transition) in the SiDREB2 gene and used to estimate the drought tolerance in foxtail millet. However, the specificity of the marker depends on technical aspects, including the type of DNA polymerase used, primer concentration, and the number of PCR cycles. Here, we reported that non-specific and false positive amplicons can be eliminated by utilizing DNA polymerase with no 3’ to 5’ proofreading activity and reducing the final primer concentration to 1.25 μM. PCR cycle number 25 yielded the optimum specificity, while increasing the cycle to 30 resulted in false positive results. Altogether, our results showed that technical optimization is necessary for improving the specificity of the SNAP marker.

Co-Authors , Krisantini , Supartopo , Suwarno Abdul Qadir Adlan Adriwan Siregar, Heri Agus Purwito Ajitama, Trio Fanny Akbar, Miftahur Rizqi Alfian Helmi Amalia Nurul Huda AMIN NUR Amin Nur Amy Estiati Anas Dinurrohman Susila Andayani, Nining Anggara, Heru Anggita Duhita Anindyajati Anggraeny, Bunga Anshori, Muhammad Fuad Aprilianti, Devi Kurnia Aris Hairmansis Awang Maharijaya Ayub Darmanto Azis Boing Sitanggang Azrai, dan Muhammad Badrieh, Haian Amin Baharuddin Baharuddin Bambang Sapta Purwoko Bambang Suprihatno Bayu Pramono Wibowo Budi Indra Setiawan Butarbutar, Lidya Kristina Sari Chusnah, Uswatun Chusnul Arif Constantin, Mondjeli Cucu Gunarsih da Cunha, Rojino Danu Kuncoro Deden Derajat Matra Desi Anugra Safitri Dewi Sukma Dewi, dan Iswari Saraswati Diah Setiowati, Retno Dian Rakhmad Diny Dinarti Efendi, Darda Efendy, Roy Ekasari Putri, Nurwanita Endang Gunawan Eny Widajati Fadhilah Sitepu, Annisa Fadhli, Nur Farid, Muh Fidya Novita Firmansyah, Muh HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hishar Mirsam I Made Legawa I Putu Adi Saputra, I Putu Indrastuti A. Rumanti Indrastuti Apri Rumanti Iskandar Lubis Iskandar Lubis Iswari Saraswati Dewi Iswari Saraswati Dewi Iswari Saraswati Dewi Jayaningsih, Elvita Dwi Juharni Jundi Aiman Abdullah Kusuma, I Gede Artha Surya Kuswandi Kuswandi Lianda Dewi Sartika Lopes Hornai, Ermelinda Maria Maharijaya, dan Awang Matsuda, Hiroshi Maya Melati Mohammad Syafii Muhamad Askari Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Azrai, Muhammad Muhammad Jauhar Firdaus Muhammad Roiyan Romadhon Munandar, Arief Munif Ghulamahdi Nafisah Nailatul Karomah Ni Made Armini Wiendi Nindita, Anggi Novianti, Fira Nugroho, Rizki Anjal Puji Nugroho, Rizki Bagus Nugroho, Syarul Nurul Khumaida Pahlevi, M Reza Priyanto, Slamet Bambang Purwoko, Bambang Sapta Purwoko Purwoko, Bambang Sapto Rahmah, Syifaur Ramadaniarto Rizqullah Ramadhan, Fitrah Ramadhani, Nabilah Zulfah Reswari, Helvi Ardana Ridwani, Sobir Rika Miftakhul Jannah Rina Hapsari Wening, Rina Hapsari Rizqullah, Ramadaniarto Rokhana Faizah rudiyanto Rusianto Saenal, Nirwanti Safitri, dan Heni Salengke, Salengke Sani, Mutiyara Sari, Dewi Citra Sari, Siti Hapita Satyanto Krido Saptomo Sherly Rahayu Sintho Wahyuning Ardie Siti Nurhidayah Siti Nurhidayah Siti Yuriyah Slamet Susanto Sobir Sobir Sobir Sri Ratnawati Sri Wahjuni Sri Wening Sri Wening, Sri Wening Sugiyanta, dan Suriani Suriani Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo Susila, Anas Dinnurohman Suwarno, Punjung Medaraji Syah, Uswah Trywulan Syaifullah Rahim Syawaluddin, Dwi Dana Syilvia Nosya Pratama Tamura, Koremasa THAMRIN, SULAEHA TRI HASTINI Trias Sitaresmi Trikoesoemaningtyas Tsugama, Daisuke Tutik Kuswinanti Umi Salamah Untung Susanto Wage Ratna Rohaeni Wida W. Khumaero Widodo Widodo Wijaya, Aldi Kamal Winarso D. Widodo Wira Hadianto, Wira Wospakrik, Andrean Heskiel Yudiansyah Yudiansyah Yudiwanti Wahyu E. Kusumo Yuli Irvana Dewi Yuli Rahmadi, Hernawan YUNUS MUSA Z, Bunyamin Zakiah, Rizqi Alifahasni

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