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All Journal Humaniora LiNGUA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra Lingua Cultura Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching & Literature IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Palapa: Jurnal Study Keislaman dan Ilmu Pendidikan Script Journal: Journal of Linguistic and English Teaching Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics Martabe : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Journal on Education EDUKATIF : JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran (JRPP) Polingua : Scientific journal of Linguistics, Literature and Language Education Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa, dan Sastra Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling Elsya : Journal of English Language Studies Pioneer: Journal of Language and Literature Jurnal Suluh Pendidikan Journal On Teacher Education (Jote) Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Scientia Indonesia Berdaya Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Visi Sosial Humaniora Journal of English Language and Education Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal) Journal of English Teaching and Linguistics Education Achievement: Journal of Science and Research Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP) The Explora Indonesian Journal of English Teaching Academic Journal Perspective : Education, Language, and Literature Journal of Language and Literature Studies Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Journal of Language Education Harmoni Sosial : Jurnal Pengabdian Dan Solidaritas Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplin Indonesia J-Shelves of Indragiri (JSI) Journey: Journal of English Language and Pedagogy Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics Inovasi Kurikulum
Kammer Tuahman Sipayung
Universitas HKBP NOMMENSEN MEDAN
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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An Analysis Of Figurative Translation Techniques From Indonesian To English In The Novel “Gadis Kretek” At SMK N 6 Medan Melinda Nababan; Kammer Tuahman Sipayung; Nurhayati Sitorus
Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP) Vol. 7 No. 4 (2026): Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP)
Publisher : Lembaga Riset dan Inovasi Almatani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55583/jkip.v7i4.2465

Abstract

This author aims to analyze the figurative translation techniques applied by students in translating figurative expressions from Indonesian to English in the novel Gadis Kretek. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method to identify, classify, and describe the translation techniques used by the students. The data were obtained from the students’ translation works, focusing on various types of figurative language such as metaphor, simile, irony, hyperbole, metonymy, personification. The findings reveal that several translation techniques are dominantly used, including literal translation, equivalence, modulation, and adaptation. The results indicate that while literal translation is the most frequently applied technique, other strategies are also utilized depending on the contextual meaning of the figurative expressions. This study provides insights into how students manage the challenges of figurative language translation and contributes to the understanding of translation studies in an educational context.
An Analysis Of Translation Techniques And Translation Orientations Used ByY The Fifth Semester Students Of Nommensen HKBP UNIVERSITY In Translating Narrative Text From English To Indonesian Abdi Putra Arianto Simanjuntak; Harpen H.P. Silitonga; Kammer Sipayung
Visi Sosial Humaniora Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Visi Sosial Humaniora Edisi : Juni 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas HKBP Nommensen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51622/vsh.v7i1.3234

Abstract

This study examines the translation techniques and orientation applied by fifth-semester students of the English Education Study Program at HKBP Nommensen University in translating the narrative text The Legend of Lake Toba from English into Indonesian. Using a descriptive qualitative design supported by quantitative data, the study analyzed 24 students’ translations based on Molina and Albir’s (2002) translation techniques and Nida’s (1964) theory of formal and dynamic equivalence, following Miles and Huberman’s (1994) interactive model.The findings reveal ten translation techniques with 2,016 total occurrences. Literal Translation was dominant (65.63%), followed by Modulation (19.84%) and Amplification (8.09%), while other techniques appeared in minimal percentages. The predominance of Literal Translation indicates a strong source-oriented approach, particularly formal equivalence. Overall, students tend to prioritize structural accuracy over communicative naturalness, suggesting the need to strengthen their understanding of translation orientation and the balanced application of translation techniques in narrative texts.
Difficulties Faced by Eleventh Grade Students in Translating English Narrative Texts into Indonesian at SMA Swasta Katolik Mariana Medan yuni manullang; Kammer Sipayung; Dewi Silalahi
Visi Sosial Humaniora Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Visi Sosial Humaniora Edisi : Juni 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas HKBP Nommensen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51622/vsh.v7i1.3259

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the types of translation difficulties faced by eleventh-grade students in translating English narrative texts into Indonesian and to identify the factors causing these difficulties. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, using translation sheets and interview transcripts as the primary data sources. The findings revealed that students experienced three main types of difficulties: lexical, grammatical, and semantic, with lexical difficulties being the most dominant (42.5%), followed by grammatical (32.5%) and semantic difficulties (25%). The factors causing these difficulties were classified into linguistic factors, including limited vocabulary, grammar and sentence structure problems, lack of contextual understanding, and reliance on literal translation, as well as non-linguistic factors such as fear of making mistakes, low self-confidence, and lack of practice. The study concluded that both linguistic competence and psychological factors significantly influenced students’ translation performance, suggesting that improvement in vocabulary, grammar mastery, contextual understanding, and learning support is essential to enhance students’ translation skills. Keywords: Translation difficulties; English narrative texts, lexical, grammatical, semantic, linguistic and non-linguistic factors.
Analisis Students' Strategies in Translating Narrative Texts From English into Indonesian Bella Widya Situmeang; Kammer Sipayung; Yessy Octaviana Pasaribu
Visi Sosial Humaniora Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Visi Sosial Humaniora Edisi : Juni 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas HKBP Nommensen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51622/vsh.v7i1.3260

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the translation strategies used by students in translating English narrative texts into Indonesian and to identify the reasons behind their choices. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, using translation sheets and interviews as data sources. The findings revealed that students applied all seven strategies proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet, namely borrowing, calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation. Among these strategies, literal translation was the most dominant (53.75%), followed by modulation (15.00%) and transposition (11.25%), while borrowing (7.50%), calque (5.00%), equivalence (3.75%), and adaptation (3.75%) were used less frequently. The dominance of literal translation indicates that students tend to rely on direct translation due to similarities in sentence structure between English and Indonesian and their preference for simple techniques. The study also found that students’ strategy choices were influenced by linguistic factors, such as limited vocabulary, grammatical difficulties, and lack of contextual understanding, as well as non-linguistic factors, including low confidence and fear of making mistakes. It can be concluded that students still depend on basic translation strategies, suggesting the need for more practice and guidance to improve their translation competence in producing more natural and contextually appropriate translations.grammar mastery, contextual understanding, and learning support is essential to enhance students’ translation skills.
Translation Equivalence in Cultural Elements of the Batak Folktale Legenda Danau Toba by Fifth-Semester Students at Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan Arisa Doloksaribu; Dr. Kammer Sipayung, S.Pd., M.Pd.; Harpen H.P. Silitonga S.Pd., M.Hum.
Visi Sosial Humaniora Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Visi Sosial Humaniora Edisi : Juni 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas HKBP Nommensen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51622/vsh.v7i1.3275

Abstract

This study aims to identify the types of translation equivalence and translation strategies employed by fifth-semester students of the English Education Study Program at Universitas HKBP Nommensen Medan in translating cultural elements of the Batak Toba folktale Legenda Danau Toba into English. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected from 23 student translation manuscripts of a 15-paragraph Batak Toba text. The analysis focuses on 16 selected cultural elements classified into ecological, social, and cultural categories. The analysis of equivalence is based on Nida’s (1964) theory, while translation strategies are analysed using Vinay and Darbelnet’s (1958) framework. The findings reveal that students applied three types of equivalence: formal, dynamic, and acceptable equivalence, with dynamic equivalence as the most dominant. Formal equivalence is mainly used for simple lexical items, while dynamic and acceptable equivalence are applied to culturally bound expressions. In terms of strategies, cultural equivalent and literal translation are the most frequently used, followed by functional and descriptive translation. The results indicate that students demonstrate an emerging ability to translate cultural elements; however, inconsistencies remain due to variations in linguistic competence and cultural understanding. Therefore, strengthening students’ knowledge of translation theory and cultural context is necessary to improve translation quality.
The Effect of Gamefied Instruction on Vocabulary and Motivation on Students at South Nias kammer sipayung; Albertus Halawa
Script Journal: Journal of Linguistics and English Teaching Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24903/sj.v10i1.1873

Abstract

Background: Gamified instruction is a challenging solution to problems in students’ vocabulary and motivation in rural areas like South Nias. This study aims to determine the effect of gamified instruction on students’ vocabulary ability and motivation. Methodology: The aims of this study were achieved by implementing a mixed research method (qualitative and quantitative). The experimental research design was used to determine the effect of treatment on vocabulary ability; however, a questionnaire and semi-structured interview were delivered to the experimental students. The sample of this study is 60 students.   Findings: After analyzing the data, it is shown that the experimental group positively affects students’ motivation. The control group has a higher motivation but is not significant in their vocabulary achievement. In addition to that significant effect on experimental vocabulary achievement. Gamified instruction can be concluded as an efficient strategy to achieve learning goals.  Conclusion: Gamified instruction can be an alternative solution for English teachers to improve student vocabulary and motivation to learn English as a foreign language. Originality: Most of the current studies focus on online media (platforms) and less research investigates vocabulary and students' motivation. 
An Analysis Of Translation Methods Used By Students In Translating Analytical Exposition Text From English Into Indonesian At Grade Xi Of Sma Swasta Budi Utomo Medan Marnala Yekhonya Winda Jelita Situmorang; Fenty Debora Napitupulu; Kammer Tuahman Sipayung
Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP)
Publisher : Lembaga Riset dan Inovasi Almatani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55583/jkip.v7i3.2298

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the translation methods used by Grade XI students of SMA Swasta Budi Utomo Medan and to determine the dominant method in translating an analytical exposition text from English into Indonesian. This study applied Larson’s (1984) translation theory, focusing on Form-Based, Communicative, and Idiomatic Translation. A descriptive qualitative design was employed. The data were obtained from the translations of 21 students based on a text entitled The Importance of Learning English, which was divided into 30 segments, resulting in 630 translation units. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman (2014). The findings revealed that Form-Based Translation was the most dominant method (352 occurrences; 55.9%), followed by Communicative Translation (240 occurrences; 38.1%) and Idiomatic Translation (38 occurrences; 6.0%). Furthermore, 13 students (61.9%) were categorized as predominantly form-based translators, while 8 students (38.1%) were communicative translators, and none were idiomatic. These findings indicate that students tend to prioritize source language structure rather than natural meaning in the target language, suggesting the need to enhance their communicative translation competence.
An Analysis Of Figurative Translation Techniques From Indonesian To English In The Novel “Gadis Kretek” At SMK N 6 Medan Melinda Nababan; Kammer Tuahman Sipayung; Nurhayati Sitorus
Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP) Vol. 7 No. 4 (2026): Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan (JKIP)
Publisher : Lembaga Riset dan Inovasi Almatani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55583/jkip.v7i4.2465

Abstract

This author aims to analyze the figurative translation techniques applied by students in translating figurative expressions from Indonesian to English in the novel Gadis Kretek. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method to identify, classify, and describe the translation techniques used by the students. The data were obtained from the students’ translation works, focusing on various types of figurative language such as metaphor, simile, irony, hyperbole, metonymy, personification. The findings reveal that several translation techniques are dominantly used, including literal translation, equivalence, modulation, and adaptation. The results indicate that while literal translation is the most frequently applied technique, other strategies are also utilized depending on the contextual meaning of the figurative expressions. This study provides insights into how students manage the challenges of figurative language translation and contributes to the understanding of translation studies in an educational context.
AN ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES BETWEEN AI AND HUMAN TRANSLATOR IN TRANSLATING CULTURAL WORDS IN THE GADIS KRETEK NOVEL Sherly Adelia br Sembiring; Kammer Sipayung; Febrika Dwi Lestari
Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal) Vol 4 No 3 (2024): DE_Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Univesitas Dharmas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56667/de_journal.v4i3.896

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and compare the translation techniques used by Al and human translators in translating cultural words found in the Gadis Kretek novel. Using the observation method to collect data from the novel, this research applies Molina and Albir's (2002) translation techniques framework to examine the strategies employed by both translators. The finding of this research shows that 50 data fulfill thirteen types of translation technique. The findings reveal that Al translators employ 4 techniques in translating sentences containing cultural words: Adaptation, Literal Translation, Borrowing, and Calque. On the other hand, human translators utilize 8 techniques, including Establishing Equivalence, Adaptation, Description, Amplification, Modulation, Linguistic Amplification, Transposition, and Naturalization. The basic difference in translation techniques between Al translators and human translators lies in the range and variety of techniques they employ. Al translators only utilize 4 out of the 18 translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir (2002), whereas human translators apply 8 techniques, making their approach more diverse and flexible. The result of this study is discrepancy in the number of techniques used can be attributed to several underlying reasons that stem from the fundamental differences in how Al and human translators process language, context, and culture. Among all the translation techniques analyzed, Al tends to use Literal Translation more frequently, Al translators most frequently use the Literal Translation technique (45 times), translating word-for-word from the source to the target language. This occurs because Al prioritizes lexical equivalence without considering cultural context, often resulting in unnatural or inaccurate translations. In contrast, human translators mostly use Adaptation (20 times) and Modulation (24 times). Adaptation replaces culture-specific terms with more familiar equivalents in the target culture, while Modulation adjusts the expression or point of view to sound more natural and contextually appropriate.
The Effect of Self Assessment Strategy on Students’ Writing Recount Text at Eight Grade of SMP Swasta Advent 5 Medan Sahlan Tampubolon; Kammer Sipayung; Melvi Sagala
Journal of Language Education (JoLE) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Juni
Publisher : Merwin Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69820/jole.v1i2.66

Abstract

This study focused on the effect of self-assessment strategy on students’ writing recount text. The objective of this study was to know the effect of self-assessment on students’ writing recount text at eight grade. It was conducted by using experimental research design. The population of this study was the eight student of SMP Swasta Advent 5 Medan. Two classes were taken as the sample of this research. The class VIII-1 was as the experimental group and the class VIII-2 was as the control group. The experimental group was taught by using self-assessment strategy, while the control group was taught by traditional teaching method. The instrument of collecting data was writing test and field note. The result of this study shows that the use of self-assessment strategy is effective for students in writing recount text. From the result, the students’ score of the experimental group in the post-test was higher than the students in the pre-test. The mean score of post-test in the experimental group 76.55 was higher than mean score of the control group 60.88. It was really good significant effect by using self-assessment strategy. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The data were collected by giving pre-test and post- test. After giving the treatment, the result of paired sample t-test, obtained that sig. (2-tailed) or the p value was 0.00 from the df 34 and the significance level (α) is 0.05. Since 0.00 is smaller than significance level (α) 5%. The null hypothesis is rejected. In other word, the hypothesis saying that the mean after the treatment is smaller than before the treatment. It means that self-assessment strategy can be used as teaching approach alternative to enrich students writing at eight grade. Keywords: Self-Assessment Strategy, Recount text, Writing.
Co-Authors Abdi Putra Arianto Simanjuntak Adi Situmorang Agustia Raspasuni Sembiring Agustini, Rita Triana Albertus Halawa Alfandi Ginting, Jeri Ali Wafa Angelica Septina Ambarita Arisa Doloksaribu Aritonang, Juni Jeffri Arsen Nahum Pasaribu Arta, I Made Dwipa Ayu Grasella Simanjuntak Ayu Lestari Simatupang Ayu Pardede Bella Widya Situmeang Berto Paulus Simarmata Beru Ginting, Desi Novita Dewi Br Karosekali, Stephani Caludia Carolina Pakpahan Christina N Saragi Christina N Saragi Christina Natalina Saragi Cikep Kosasih Galingging Cristanti Manullang Damanik, Sintia Desi Muliani Saragih Desi Novita Dewi Beru Ginting Desi Sastria Lumban Gaol Dewi Silalahi Edi Setia Elfriman Gea Elvi Siburian Eni Julita Br Munthe Erika Sinambela Esra Yohana Sirait Fadhila, Fara Farida Hanum Pakpahan Febrika Dwi Lestari Febrika Dwi Lestari Febrika Dwi Lestari Fenty Debora Napitupulu Friska Yanti Br Purba Gadis Selvia Sitorus Galina Sitinjak Giawa, Kardelius Gita Moriska Sitanggang Gita Moriska Sitanggang Gulo, Eva Febriana Citranita Hanna Sitohang Harpen H.P. Silitonga Harpen H.P. Silitonga S.Pd., M.Hum. Harpen Silitonga Harpen Silitonga harpen silitonga Harpen Silitonga Harpen Silitonga Harry Maruli Siagian Hendrik Leonard Simanjuntak Heni Septina Panjaitan Herlina Turnip Herpen Silitonga Hersakso Sinurat Hesty Malinda Manalu Hiskia Frende Purba Hotsita Simbolon Hulu, Mey Trisnawati Icha Alicia Sirait Indah, Diani Irawati Br Munthe Irman Toni Silalahi Ita Mariani Br Manurung Jeri Alfandi Ginting Jesika Jelita Putri Simarmata juliper nainggolan Julita Br Munthe, Eni Kardelius Giawa Kiki Simanullang Klara Sipayung Kontesalonika Sinulingga Lastri W. Manurung Lastri Wahyuni Manurung Lastri Wahyuni Manurung Limayiana Sihotang Liswina Nainggolan Lolita Arjuna Sihotang Lukman Pardede Maděra, Martin Manalu, Plora Fitri Manata Paska Wati Manik, Efron Margaretha Frederika Mariani Br Manurung, Ita Marnala Yekhonya Winda Jelita Situmorang Marunduri, Suci Wahyuni Masda Saragih Mei Boru Siringo-Ringo Melinda Nababan Melvi Sagala Mey Trisnawati Hulu MULA SIGIRO Naibaho, Yohana Friscila Ndraha, Libertini Priskila Nenni Triana Sinaga Nenni Triana Sinaga Nova Ulina Tampubolon Novani Saragi Nur Anjelina Safna Nur Anjelina Safna Nurhayati Sitorus Octavianna, Yessy Octavianna, yessy octavianna Pakpahan, Carolina Pangaribuan, Marnala Pasaribu, Arsen Pasaribu, Riris Romauli Pasaribu, Yessi Octaviana Pontas Jamaluddin Sitorus Purba, Theresia Christine Putri Anzeli Simangunsong Putri Anzeli Simangunsong Putri Ayu Panggabean Putri Manullang Rachel Sidabutar Rachel Sidabutar Renata Vonbora Simanjuntak Renatha Samanta Br Samosir Renita Br Saragih Riasty Latanya Sianturi Rika Imadawati Purba Rindu Kaya Sinambela Riris Romauli Pasaribu Risa Jesika Silalahi Rismauli Tinambunan Rita Triana Agustini Rointan Lubis Rosanna Marpaung Roswita Silalahi Roswita Silalahi, Roswita Ruth Shania Simanullang Rutmayana Br. Sianturi Sagala, Yeremia Sahlan Tampubolon Sahlan Tampubolon Sanggam P. Gultom Sanggam Pardede Santa Hoky Hutagalung Santri Subroto Simanjuntak Saragih, Lenni Yanti Sarah Evelyn Simanjuntak Sarah Marti Agus Tasia Tarigan Sartika Elvrida Sinaga Setia, Edi Sherly Adelia br Sembiring Sianipar, Nelly Noviana Sidabutar, Usman Sihotang, Christian Jonatan Anggiat Daulat Silalahi, Regina Marintan silitonga, harpen Silvina Yuliana L. Tobing Simamora, Tia Dina Silvia Simamora, Winda Josefina Simanullang, Ruth Shania Sinaga, Neni Triana Sinaga, Sartika Elvrida Sintia Friskila Rajagukguk Sirait, Yoel Nicholas Sirumapea, Winarni Sitanggang, Gita Moriska Situmorang, Marnala Yekhonya Winda Jelita Situmorang, Yulia Sondang Manik Sondang Sinaga Subroto Simanjuntak, Santri Syahron Lubis Syahron Lubis Tamba, Auwy Tambunan, Agnes Tiomadina Tampubolon, Anggie Tampubolon, Salom Hamonangan Tasvil Kristin Yavernidar Zebua Teresia Berutu Tinadya Maya Sari Sinaga Tinambunan, Rismauli Turnip, Herlina Tutiarny Naibaho Ulan Susi Manullang Uni Wanni Purba usman Sidabutar Usman Sidabutar Usman Sidabutar Vilmin Artinia Zebua Vina Merina Sianipar Winda Damanik Winda Josefina Simamora Winter Anaria Purba Wiwin Sulastri Simanungkalit YESSY OCTAVIANA Yessy Octaviana Pasaribu Yessy Octavianna Yeti Rohayati Yoel Nicholas Sirait Yolanda Erika Magdalena Pangaribuan yuni manullang Yuni Maslaila Zamorano, Alex Zebua, Intan