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The Significance of Troponin and Ck-Mb in Association with Q-Wave Myocardial Infarction Harahap, Urip; Margata, Linda
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (746.21 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v1i1.199

Abstract

Abstract. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the global main cause of morbidity and mortality. AMI describes the process of cell death due to prolonged ischemia identified by the appearance of pathological Q-wave in electrocardiogram (ECG). Myocardial cell death does not occur directly after the onset of myocardial ischemia, however, it occurs more than 6 hours after the onset. Thus, certain cardiac markers, such as cardiac troponin and creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB) which formed in myocardial cell damage, play a vital role in diagnosing AMI. Keywords: Cardiac Biomarker, CK-MB, Diagnosis, Q-wave Myocardial Infarction, Troponin
The Role Of hs-CRP In Predicting The Likelihood Of Coronary Heart Disease Sitepu, Nadroh Br; Harahap, Urip
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v3i1.4015

Abstract

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a disorder of the cardiovascular system, characterized by atherosclerotic lesions. Inflammation is a strong predictor for coronary heart disease. High sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is an important biomarker, synthesized in the liver, can predict the severity of CHD. If the hs-CRP level is found to be low 3 mg / L, a person has the potential for severe vascular risk. Therefore, hs-CRP can be used as a predictor of primary CHD prevention, especially if the hs-CRP level is still low.
Anti-Acne Activity From Biocellulose Mask Formula Containing (Aloe Vera (L.) Burm.F) Essence Combined With Vitamin E Fitri, Raissa; Reveny, Julia; Harahap, Urip; Dharmawan, Hariyadi; Nasri
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v4i1.5382

Abstract

Abstract. Biocellulose mask sheet is a new found pharmaceutical cosmetic design that widely commercial. Mostly due to it’s biodegradable properties, provide an eco-friendly waste. Combination of Aloe vera essence (AE) and Vit E to provide and determine it’s respective anti-acne properties in biocellulose mask form. Formulation of biocellulose mask with the help of Acetobacter xylinum bacteria varied with different formulae: F1 (Vitamin E 1%), F2 (E 2.5 %), F3 (AE 5%), F4 (AE 2.5%+Vit E 1%) and F5 (AE 5%+Vit E 1%) followed antimicrobials test with common acne bacteria by diffusion disk against Propionibacterium acne (PAC) ATCC 6919 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAA) ATCC 27853. Study revealed that each formulae design F1; F2; F3; F4; F5 tested against PAC diffusion disk resulted 7.86; 11.67; 10.13; 112.10; 10.33 mm respectively. As for PAA diffusion disk resulted 7.76; 11.63; 10.33; 11.67; 11.00 mm respectively. Biocellulose mask containing combination of AE 2.5% and Vit E (F4) would provide the best anti-acne activity amongst other formulae.
Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Activities of Vernonia amygdalina Extract in HepG2 Cell Line Harefa, Herman Syukur; Hasibuan, Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun; Harahap, Urip
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i2.6350

Abstract

Liver cancer is a malignant tumor originating from the development of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis and is responsible for damage to the shape and function of the liver. The loss of the ability of conventional chemotherapy to inhibit the growth of cancer cells is a major focus in the world. Natural ingredients are the solution to this problem, for example the use of Vernonia amygdalina leaves. Vernonia amygdalina contains flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, and steroids/triterpenoids which are reported to have anticancer properties. This study aims to examined the activity of these plants as anticancer liver through cytotocix and apoptotic activity. Vernonia amygdalina ethanol extract (VAEE), Vernonia amygdalina ethyl acetate extract (VAEAE), and Vernonia amygdalina n-hexane extract (VAHE) were obtained from a multistage maceration process. The extracts were tested for cytotoxic activity by the MTT method on HepG2 cells. VAEAE had the best inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value of 19.91 ± 0.24 µg/mL. Apoptosis test was performed using double staining method. Subjective observations were made using a fluorescence microscope. It was seen that Vernonia amygdalina ethyl acetate extract was able to trigger apoptosis in HepG2 cells.
Antidiarrheal Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum Isolated from Dengke Naniura on Escherichia coli-induced Rats Nasri, Nasri; Harahap, Urip; Silalahi, Jansen; Satria, Denny
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.6478

Abstract

Diarrhea is discharge of abnormal and liquid stool with a frequency of 3-4 daily which caused by pathogenic organisms such as Escherichia coli, and other. Dengke Naniura is a traditional Batak Toba food that can produce probiotics (Lactobacillus fermentum). Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that confer a health benefit on the host. Nutritional supplements combined between probiotics and prebiotics are called synbiotics, The purpose of this study was to analyze the preventive effect of diarrhea in rats given L.fermentum for 21 days. The preventive effect of diarrhea test begins with the giving of L.fermentum from day 1 to day 21. From day 7 to day 14 rats were induced with E.coli. Weight of the rats, stool consistency, onset of diarrhea, frequency of diarrhea, and duration of diarrhea were observed. The results of the observation that weight of rats in the L.fermentum group increased compared to group 1 (p<0.05). Consistency stool is soft (massless). Onset of diarrhea on day 1 after induced of E.coli in the group 1. Frequency of diarrhea increased to 9.25 ± 0.50 times on day 14 (group 1). And diarrhea occurs for 10 days. Conclusion L.fermentum showed a preventive effect of diarrhea in rats induced E.coli.
Patient Satisfaction on Covid-19 Handling in Primary Health Centers Yustika Wirda Ningsih; Nasution, Azizah; Harahap, Urip
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i1.7416

Abstract

Primary health centers play important roles in preventing, detecting, and helping people to cope with the problems associated with the COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and optimize the role of primary health center, including pharmaceutical care. This prospective descriptive study aimed to evaluate the level of patient satisfaction on COVID-19 handling in seven primary health centers Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia period January to April 2021. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to a total of 617 patients admitted to the 7 primary health centers to assess the characteristics of the patients and the required data about patient satisfaction about nine-item pharmaceutical services provided, supporting facilities, and infrastructures. The patient satisfaction was assessed using a 4-point Likert scale categorized into very dissatisfied, dissatisfied, satisfied and very satisfied. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and Chi-Square analyses. Most (67%) of the respondents were females. The present study indicated that most respondents satisfied with the services provided.
Teratogenic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Mahkota Dewa Fruit Flesh (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl) Julianti, Maelani; Yuandani; Harahap, Urip
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v5i2.8733

Abstract

Mahkota Dewa is known as one of the medicinal plants in Indonesia. It contains bioactive compounds and potentially has pharmacological activity. This study aimed to determine the possible toxic effects of Mahkota DewaThe ethanol extract of Mahkota Dewa fruit flesh was given to rats. Group I (control 0.5% Na-CMC), groups II, III and IV as a treatment group (Mahkota Dewa at doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw, respectively). Group V as a control satellite (Na-CMC 0, 5%) and group VI as a satellite of the ethanol extract at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw., Each groups were treated on day 6 to 15 of gestational. On the 19th day getation, the rats were dissected and observed the skeletal malformations. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc tukey. The results toxicity showed that no fetuses had external malformations. On fetal skeletal appearance, all skeletal bone preparations were normal. Based on the study, the ethanolic extract of Mahkota Dewa Fruit Flesh did not cause a teratogenic effect on the fetus during the organogenesis period at doses of 100 mg/kg bw, 500 mg/kg bw, and 1000 mg/kg bw  
Isolation Of Chitosan From Cuttlefish Bones Ningrum, Siti Rahmi; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Harahap, Urip
International Journal of Science, Technology & Management Vol. 3 No. 3 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Publisher Cv. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46729/ijstm.v3i3.523

Abstract

One of the potential natural resources in Indonesia is the abundance of natural resources in the marine sector. The survey results show that the sale of cuttlefish in the market indicates that the demand for cuttlefish is very high. Cuttlefish is a type of marine animal that is widely consumed by the public because of its very high protein content, but the part used from this cuttlefish is the meat, while the squid bones are discarded. Cuttlefish bone is one of the natural ingredients that contains chitin, and when the isolation process is carried out with the stages of deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation, it can produce chitosan compounds. The aim of the study was to isolate chitosan from cuttlefish bones. Isolation of chitosan includes 3 basic stages, namely deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation. Then the characteristics of chitosan from cuttlefish bones are analyzed, namely water content analysis, ash content, protein content, ninhydrin test, and FT-IR characteristics. The results of characteristic testing of 8.04% water content, 1.73% ash content, and 4.8% protein content, ninhydrin test results showed that cuttlefish bone chitosan had an amine group, and FT-IR results showed that the absorption bands of C-O and C-N groups. The conclusion of this study shows that chitosan can be isolated from cuttlefish bones.
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Potential Ethanol Extract of Kemangi Leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) Towards Staphylococcus aureus Sanjaya, Angga Nugraha; Harahap, Urip; Dalimunthe, Aminah
International Journal of Science, Technology & Management Vol. 3 No. 6 (2022): November 2022
Publisher : Publisher Cv. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46729/ijstm.v3i6.630

Abstract

An infectious disease is a disease with the highest prevalence in the world, with a great risk of transmission. Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that can cause several infectious diseases. The use of kemangi leaves as vegetables can be used as an invention in treating infections caused by bacteria. The purpose of this study was a phytochemical screening test to determine what metabolites are contained and their potential activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The research method is to carry out a qualitative phytochemical screening test using reagents and an antibacterial potential test against Staphylococcus aureus using the Kirby-Bauer method (diffusion agar) with varying concentrations. The results showed that kemangi leaves extract showed positive results on the secondary metabolite compounds, were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, and steroids/triterpenoids. The diameter of the inhibition zone at a concentration of 500 mg/mL showed the diameter of the inhibition zone was 11.93 ± 0.25 mm with the strong category group. The conclusion is that the ethanolic extract of kemangi leaves shows the ethanolic extract of kemangi leaves has potential as an antibacterial.
Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Microcapsule of Metronidazole Leo, Natassya Manda; Bangun, Hakim; Harahap, Urip
International Journal of Science, Technology & Management Vol. 3 No. 6 (2022): November 2022
Publisher : Publisher Cv. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46729/ijstm.v3i6.643

Abstract

The oral conventional metronidazole dosage forms have a short duration of action due to gastric emptying process, hence the treatment of ulcus pepticum using metronidazole become less effective. Due to retaining the dosage form in the stomach, a preparation form of sustained released drug delivery systems has been developed. The aim of this study was to developed a sustained released drug delivery systems of metronidazole using alginate and chitosan as polymers that could last longer in stomach. The formulation consisted of variatons in chitosan 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%. The drug released test was carried out using paddle method in simulated gastric medium pH 1.2 at 37°C. The dissolution test results showed that formula with 0.75% of chitosan giving the best sustained released effect and the kinetics drug realeased of microcapsule followed Higuchi order. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that microcapsules of metronidazole with a combination of alginate and chitosan can be prepared as sustained released formulation.