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All Journal NUSANTARA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial JOURNAL EQUITABLE JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI YUSTISI JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Jurnal Ilmu Hukum The Juris Diklat Review : Jurnal manajemen pendidikan dan pelatihan Journal of Applied Electrical Engineering Eksekusi : Journal Of Law Yustisi: Jurnal Hukum dan Hukum Islam RIO LAW JURNAL Collegium Studiosum Journal Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review (JILPR) jurnal administrasi politik dan sosial Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Journal of Social Science and Education Research Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Pendidikan NuCSJo : Nusantara Community Service Journal World Health Digital Journal (wolgitj)
Rudi Pardede
Universitas Lancang Kuning
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PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PERJUDIAN Afriansyah, Ricky; Fahmi; Pardede, Rudi
Collegium Studiosum Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Collegium Studiosum Journal
Publisher : LPPM STIH Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/csj.v8i1.1717

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze the Law Enforcement Against Perpetrators of Gambling Crimes in the Jurisdiction of the Pekanbaru City Police, identify the obstacles in enforcing the law, and explore efforts to overcome these obstacles. The method used is sociological legal research. Based on the results, it is found that law enforcement against gambling offenders in the Pekanbaru City Police jurisdiction is not yet fully optimal, as gambling practices remain prevalent in the community—both in conventional forms such as lottery and card games, and in online forms such as slot games and chip-based games like Higgs Domino. Although the police routinely conduct raids and uncover cases, gambling persists due to various social and structural factors that sustain it. The obstacles in enforcing the law against gambling offenders in the jurisdiction of the Pekanbaru City Police are: First, the limited availability of digital forensic technology at the level of the criminal investigation unit, especially to uncover and act on online gambling involving foreign platforms and fictitious bank accounts. Second, the low level of community participation in providing valid reports or information to the police. It was observed that some community members still perceive gambling as normal, even as a form of entertainment or supplementary income. Third, the presence of legal loopholes in dealing with gambling through game-based applications such as Higgs Domino and similar platforms, as there are no clear regulations defining such games as gambling tools.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN KEPOLISIAN NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2022 TENTANG KODE ETIK PROFESI DAN KOMISI KODE ETIK KEPOLISIAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TERHADAP SELEKSI PENERIMAAN ANGGOTA POLRI DI KEPOLISIAN RESOR ROKAN HULU Purnomo, Candra; Yetti, Yetti; Pardede, Rudi
Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Almatani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55583/jkih.v4i1.1455

Abstract

Article 10 paragraph (4) letter f and letter g of Police Regulation Number 7 of 2022 concerning the Indonesian National Police Professional Code of Ethics regulates the prohibition on members and officials of the Indonesian National Police from receiving rewards and promising to pass the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police and development education. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of this regulation on the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police at the Rokan Hulu Police; to analyze the inhibiting factors and efforts to overcome these obstacles. The implementation of Article 10 paragraph (4) letter f and letter g of Police Regulation Number 7 of 2022 on the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police at the Rokan Hulu Police has not been running well from 2023 to 2025, as evidenced by the existence of Indonesian National Police officials who received rewards and promised to pass the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police at this police station, accompanied by law enforcement that has not been as it should be. The inhibiting factor is the legal factor, efforts to overcome it if there are general criminal reports and violations of the code of ethics simultaneously, then the decision of the code of ethics trial is not influenced by the resolution of general crimes that prioritize restorative justice. The factor of law enforcement officers, efforts to overcome this is that the local police often hold spiritual and mental guidance activities for their members; The local police institution always reminds its members and ranks not to live a hedonistic and luxurious life; all ranks of the police in carrying out their duties, functions, and authorities are based on the Indonesian National Police's professional code of ethics, Tribrata and Catur PrasetyaThe police cooperative provides low-interest loans and easy loan and repayment terms for business capital. Community factors, in order to overcome this, the police continue to provide free coaching and training programs for local communities who wish to participate in the selection process for Polri members and continuously socialize the program; conduct legal socialization to the community regarding the selection process for prospective Polri members; Polri members refuse to accept money from the community; within the Polri, strict sanctions are imposed on officials and their ranks; externally, the Polri provides counseling to the community directly and through social media platforms that to become a Polri member, bribes and insiders are not used. Cultural factors, in order to overcome this, the police conduct legal socialization to the community regarding the prohibition and legal sanctions for people who give bribes to state officials.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST THE POLICE PROFESSIONAL CODE OF ETHICS DUE TO DESERTION COMMITTED BY POLICE MEMBERS ENDING IN DISHONORABLE DISCHARGE Putra, Alghoni Bumantara; Kadaryanto, Bagio; Pardede, Rudi
JILPR Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review (JILPR), June 2025
Publisher : International Peneliti Ekonomi, Sosial dan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56371/jirpl.v6i3.459

Abstract

The police disciplinary code reflects a noble ideal and aspiration—namely, to uphold and maintain the image of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) as a noble profession (officium nobile). Every member of the police force is expected to preserve their dignity and honor as individuals entrusted by society to maintain public order and security, to enforce the law in times of legal conflict, and ultimately, to offer protection and guidance to the community. This study aims to analyze the enforcement of the Police Professional Code of Ethics in response to cases of desertion by police officers that result in dishonorable discharge within the jurisdiction of the Riau Regional Police (Polda Riau). Specifically, the study examines the legal enforcement process, the barriers faced, and the efforts made to overcome those obstacles. This research employs a sociological legal approach. The findings reveal that enforcement of the Police Code of Ethics in desertion cases that end in dishonorable discharge is carried out firmly in accordance with Chief of Police Regulation Number 7 of 2022 on the Police Code of Ethics. Each proven case of severe desertion leads directly to an ethics tribunal, where—if found guilty—the officer is sanctioned with dishonorable discharge. The process begins with attendance verification, clarification, and the preparation of documents for the ethics hearing. This firm stance reflects the professionalism and institutional commitment of Polri. However, it also highlights a lack of preventive and developmental approaches, particularly in the early stages before violations occur. The main barriers in enforcing the code include: (1) systemic weaknesses in attendance reporting, where desertion cases are often detected too late due to unmonitored absenteeism; (2) organizational structural issues, where the guidance and mentoring functions remain reactive rather than proactive; and (3) organizational cultural tendencies to treat violations solely as grounds for punishment, without addressing underlying causes such as psychological stress, family problems, or work fatigue. Efforts to overcome these challenges include: (1) digitalizing the attendance and reporting systems to enable real-time monitoring; (2) strengthening moral and mental development, especially for personnel in remote or high-stress areas; (3) establishing internal preventive support systems, such as communication forums, counseling services, and informal coaching activities; (4) introducing tiered sanction policies, with dishonorable discharge reserved for repeated or severely intentional desertion; and (5) reforming organizational culture to foster more open, communicative, and supportive interactions between superiors and subordinates.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST PALM OIL THEFT Minggu, Sumber Horas; DM, M. Yusuf; Pardede, Rudi
JILPR Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review (JILPR), June 2025
Publisher : International Peneliti Ekonomi, Sosial dan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56371/jirpl.v6i3.460

Abstract

Local governments and law enforcement agencies must promote legal education, improve the economic conditions of nearby communities, and strengthen security systems in areas vulnerable to theft. In this way, law enforcement can be more balanced: ensuring legal certainty, providing protection to victims, and acknowledging the humanitarian aspects concerning offenders who steal out of economic necessity. The aim of this study is to analyze Law Enforcement Against the Criminal Act of Palm Oil Theft in the Jurisdiction of the Bengkalis Police, to examine the obstacles to enforcement, and to identify efforts to overcome these obstacles. The method used in this research is sociological legal research. Based on the research findings, law enforcement against palm oil theft in the Bengkalis jurisdiction has not been effectively implemented. This is evidenced by the increasing frequency of palm oil theft cases within short time intervals. Although the police have taken various repressive measures, these crimes continue to recur and even tend to escalate. The public has become aware of how to circumvent legal repercussions, particularly regarding the threshold of financial loss stipulated in Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) Number 2 of 2012, which states that theft causing losses below Rp2,500,000 can be classified as a minor offense (tindak pidana ringan, or tipiring). Many offenders intentionally limit the amount of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) stolen to keep the value below this threshold. This tactic is deliberately used to avoid full criminal prosecution or harsher penalties. Obstacles in enforcing the law against palm oil theft in the Bengkalis region include: A lack of deterrent effect due to lenient penalties, Difficulty in proving the crime and calculating actual losses, Manipulation of stolen goods’ value by offenders, Socio-economic challenges faced by the surrounding communities.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST PIMPS IN UNDERCOVER PROSTITUTION THROUGH "PLUS" MASSAGE PARLORS Ardan, Andra; DM, M. Yusuf; Pardede, Rudi
JILPR Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review (JILPR), June 2025
Publisher : International Peneliti Ekonomi, Sosial dan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56371/jirpl.v6i3.461

Abstract

Clandestine prostitution through massage parlors in the jurisdiction of Polresta Pekanbaru exemplifies how social crimes have evolved over time by exploiting regulatory loopholes. This form of prostitution is concealed under the guise of legitimate massage or spa services, making it difficult for law enforcement agencies to detect. In reality, these services involve sexual activities managed by pimps. The aim of this study is to analyze law enforcement efforts against pimps involved in clandestine prostitution in massage parlors within the jurisdiction of Polresta Pekanbaru, to identify the obstacles hindering such enforcement, and to explore strategies to overcome these challenges. The research employs a sociological legal method. The findings indicate that law enforcement efforts in this context have not been fully effective. Although the police and related agencies have undertaken enforcement actions, prostitution under the cover of massage parlors continues to thrive. These establishments often offer hidden sexual services. Operators or pimps typically disguise these activities using coded language with regular clients or through closed digital communication networks. This demonstrates that pimps have developed more sophisticated and discreet operational systems that are difficult for law enforcement to detect directly. Several obstacles hinder effective law enforcement: First, massage parlors often continue operating covertly after being raided, simply by changing their business name, location, or service format. Second, the absence of consistent and routine monitoring by both law enforcement and regulatory agencies allows these operations to resume freely. Third, the lack of legal education and awareness programs at the community level contributes to public ignorance, making people less likely to participate in prevention or report prostitution-related activities. To overcome these challenges, several efforts are necessary. First, there must be strengthened administrative oversight and improved business licensing verification systems. Second, a joint task force comprising multiple government agencies should be established to conduct regular inspections and supervision of locations suspected of facilitating clandestine prostitution. Third, law enforcement and local governments should initiate community-based legal education programs, particularly in areas vulnerable to or near suspected prostitution sites.
IMPLEMENTASI LARANGAN PEMBUKAAN LAHAN DENGAN CARA MEMBAKAR Sihombing, Rainer Wilona; Harahap, Irawan; Pardede, Rudi
The Juris Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL ILMU HUKUM : THE JURIS
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat STIH Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/juris.v9i1.1704

Abstract

This provision is reinforced in Article 108, which stipulates that any person who carries out land burning as referred to in Article 69 paragraph (1) letter h shall be subject to imprisonment for a minimum of 3 (three) years and a maximum of 10 (ten) years, and a fine of at least IDR 3,000,000,000 (three billion rupiah) and at most IDR 10,000,000,000 (ten billion rupiah). This behavior not only disrupts public comfort due to the smoke produced but also causes environmental damage and air pollution, even though regulations prohibit such practices. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of the prohibition on land clearing by burning based on Law Number 32 of 2009 in the jurisdiction of the Rokan Hulu Police, to examine the obstacles in its implementation, and to identify efforts to overcome these obstacles. The research method used is sociological juridical research. Based on the findings, the implementation of the prohibition has been carried out but not optimally. Communities continue to engage in small-scale burning in secret, especially at the beginning of the dry season. Although warning signs and banners prohibiting burning have been installed in several locations, supervision and patrols remain uneven. The main obstacles include the low awareness and understanding of the community regarding the environmental and legal impacts of burning, limited human resources and environmental investigation equipment, as well as difficulties in obtaining sufficient evidence and witnesses in the criminal process. Efforts to overcome these obstacles include enhancing environmental education and awareness programs for communities—particularly among farmers in fire-prone areas increasing the technical capacity of investigators through training on environmental law and fire forensics, and strengthening evidence collection using aerial monitoring technologies such as drones and GPS-based surveillance cameras to document burning locations as part of legal evidence.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Masyakakat di Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai Tentang Pengaturan Eksekusi  Jaminan Fidusia Yalid, Yalid; Ardiansah, Ardiansah; Pardede, Rudi; Dewi, Sandra
World Health Digital Journal Vol. 1 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Knowledge and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69693/wolgitj.v1i4.34

Abstract

Praktik tindakan perampasan objek jaminan fidusia secara paksa, seperti kendaraan bermotor sebagai wujud penerapan Pasal 15 Undang-Undang No. 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia melalui oleh debt collector merupakan perbuatan melawan hukum. Dasar penarikan objek jaminan fidusia harus ada cidera janji yang telah disepakati para pihak, tidak bisa secara sepihak untuk menghindari kesewenang-wenangan. Tim pengabdian melihat situasi di  Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai banyak juga memanfaatkan pembiayaan dari pihak leasing (kreditur) untuk membeli kendaraan  atau untuk mendapat uang/modal. Tim pengabdi mengamati banyak masyarakat pada lokasi ini tidak memahami eksekusi jaminan fidusia, sehingga terkesan pasrah dan takut ketika menghadapi pihak debt collector yang diutus pihak penerima fidusia. Padahal tindakan merampas jaminan fidusia merupakan perbuatan melawan hukum sebagaimana telah disinggung.   Metode menyelesaikan masalah mitra dilakukan dengan cara ceramah dan tanya jawab. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan ini para mitra sudah merasakan manfaatnya, yaitu mendapatkan tambahan ilmu dan pemahaman tentang pengaturan eksekusi jaminan fidusia. Hal tersebut disimpulkan oleh tim pengabdian masyarakat setelah membandingkan hasil pre-test dan post-test dengan mengajukan pertanyaan (kuesioner). Sebaiknya kegiatan ini dapat dilanjutkan dengan konsultasi dan bimbingan terhadap mitra. Kemudian  kegiatan seperti ini layak untuk dilaksanakan pada  khalayak sasaran lainnya karena masyarakat banyak menggunakan pendanaan dengan memanfaatkan pengaturan fidusia dan sudah pasti akan menghadapi risiko eksekusi jaminan fidusia bilamana kesulitan menyelesaikan kewajibannya terhadap penerima fidusia.
Implementasi Kewajiban Sertifikasi Penyidik Anak Dalam Tugas Penyidikan Anak Yang Menjadi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak Di Wilayah Hukum Polres Pelalawan Purba, Desi Valentianna Br; Kadaryanto, Bagio; Pardede, Rudi
RIO LAW JURNAL Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Rio Law Jurnal
Publisher : Universitas Muara Bungo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36355/rlj.v6i2.1863

Abstract

ABSTRAK Implementasi kewajiban sertifikasi penyidik anak merupakan aspek penting dalam sistem peradilan pidana anak sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Sertifikasi ini dimaksudkan untuk memastikan bahwa setiap penyidik yang menangani perkara anak memiliki kompetensi khusus dalam memahami psikologi anak, prosedur hukum yang ramah anak, serta prinsip perlindungan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan kewajiban sertifikasi penyidik anak di wilayah hukum Polres Pelalawan, dengan menitikberatkan pada efektivitas penerapannya dalam menangani anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum sebagai pelaku tindak pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, didukung data empiris melalui wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi sertifikasi masih menghadapi kendala, antara lain keterbatasan jumlah penyidik yang telah bersertifikat, minimnya anggaran pelatihan, serta kurangnya pengawasan dari lembaga terkait. Kondisi ini berimplikasi pada masih adanya praktik penyidikan yang belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan prinsip perlindungan anak. Kesimpulannya, optimalisasi sertifikasi penyidik anak membutuhkan penguatan regulasi, peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, serta sinergi antar lembaga penegak hukum. Rekomendasi penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya percepatan program sertifikasi, penyusunan pedoman teknis, serta monitoring berkelanjutan guna memastikan terpenuhinya hak-hak anak dalam proses penyidikan.Kata Kunci: Sertifikasi Penyidik Anak, Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, Polres Pelalawan.
URGENSI PENGESAHAN RUU PERAMPASAN ASET DALAM PEMULIHAN KERUGIAN NEGARA AKIBAT KORUPSI: PERSPEKTIF YUDIRIS NORMATIF Pardede, Rudi
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol 8, No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4356

Abstract

Abstract: Corruption in Indonesia has caused state losses of up to trillions of rupiah annually, while existing legal mechanisms still focus on criminalizing perpetrators and are not optimal in recovering state assets. The disparity between state losses and recovered assets (state loss recovery gap) highlights the weakness of regulations that rely solely on confiscation of assets through criminal decisions (conviction-based asset forfeiture). This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative, conceptual, and comparative approach to examine the urgency of ratifying the Asset Forfeiture Bill. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB) mechanism is highly relevant to addressing obstacles to law enforcement, particularly in cases where perpetrators have fled, died, or are difficult to prove criminally. Internationally, similar mechanisms have been implemented effectively in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland, and are in accordance with the mandate of the 2003 United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC). However, the ratification of this bill remains hampered by political resistance and concerns about abuse of authority. Therefore, transparent, accountable regulatory design and oversight by an independent judiciary are necessary to ensure this legal instrument functions optimally. In conclusion, the ratification of the Asset Confiscation Bill is a strategic step to strengthen corruption eradication, close the state loss recovery gap, and restore public rights more equitably. Keyword: corruption, asset forfeiture, Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture, UNCAC, asset recovery Abstrak: Korupsi di Indonesia telah menimbulkan kerugian negara hingga triliunan rupiah setiap tahun, sementara mekanisme hukum yang ada masih berfokus pada pemidanaan pelaku dan belum optimal dalam memulihkan aset negara. Ketimpangan antara kerugian negara dan aset yang berhasil dikembalikan (state loss recovery gap) memperlihatkan kelemahan regulasi yang hanya mengandalkan perampasan aset melalui putusan pidana (conviction-based asset forfeiture). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif untuk mengkaji urgensi pengesahan Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) Perampasan Aset. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan mekanisme Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB) sangat relevan untuk mengatasi hambatan penegakan hukum, terutama pada kasus pelaku yang melarikan diri, meninggal dunia, atau sulit dibuktikan secara pidana. Secara internasional, mekanisme serupa telah diterapkan efektif di Amerika Serikat, Inggris, dan Swiss, serta sesuai dengan amanat United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) 2003. Namun, pengesahan RUU ini masih terkendala resistensi politik dan kekhawatiran penyalahgunaan kewenangan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan desain regulasi yang transparan, akuntabel, serta diawasi peradilan independen agar instrumen hukum ini dapat berfungsi optimal. Kesimpulannya, pengesahan RUU Perampasan Aset merupakan langkah strategis untuk memperkuat pemberantasan korupsi, menutup celah state loss recovery gap, dan memulihkan hak-hak publik secara lebih adil. Kata kunci: korupsi, perampasan aset, Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture, UNCAC, pemulihan aset.
INKONSISTENSI HUKUM DALAM PENGEMBALIAN UANG NEGARA HASIL KORUPSI DARI PERSPEKTIF KEPASTIAN HUKUM Pardede, Rudi
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol 8, No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4159

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines legal inconsistencies in the process of recovering state financial losses due to corruption in Indonesia, focusing on the principle of legal certainty. Although the law stipulates that the return of state funds does not eliminate criminal penalties, judicial practice shows numerous deviations. This study uses a legislative approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach to analyze the inconsistency between legal norms and their implementation. Key findings indicate that the implementation of asset recovery is often used as a basis for easing perpetrators' sentences, inconsistent monetary sanctions in court decisions, weak tracking and confiscation of assets, and minimal coordination between law enforcement agencies. As a result, the asset recovery system is ineffective in recovering state losses and creates legal uncertainty. This study recommends systemic reforms to strengthen legal certainty, the proportionality of sanctions, and the effectiveness of decision execution so that substantive justice is truly realized in combating corruption. Keywords: corruption, legal certainty, asset recovery, replacement money, legal inconsistency Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji inkonsistensi hukum dalam proses pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada prinsip kepastian hukum. Meskipun secara normatif hukum telah mengatur bahwa pengembalian uang negara tidak menghapuskan pidana, praktik peradilan menunjukkan banyak penyimpangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual untuk menganalisis ketidaksesuaian antara norma hukum dan implementasinya. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pengembalian aset kerap dijadikan dasar untuk meringankan hukuman pelaku, tidak konsistennya sanksi uang pengganti dalam putusan pengadilan, lemahnya pelacakan serta penyitaan aset, dan minimnya koordinasi antar lembaga penegak hukum. Akibatnya, sistem asset recovery tidak efektif dalam memulihkan kerugian negara dan menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan reformasi sistemik guna memperkuat kepastian hukum, proporsionalitas sanksi, dan efektivitas eksekusi putusan agar keadilan substantif benar-benar terwujud dalam penanggulangan korupsi. Kata kunci: korupsi, kepastian hukum, pengembalian aset, uang pengganti, inkonsistensi   hukum
Co-Authors Afriandi, Angga Afriansyah, Ricky Ardan, Andra Ardiansah, Ardiansah Ardiansah, Ardiansah Asnawi, Edi Bagio Kadaryanto, Bagio Bangun, Tri Suranta Budiarto, Yusuf Daeng, Yusuf DM , M. Yusuf DM, M. Yusuf DM, Yusuf Eddy Asnawi Ernawaty, Beby Fahmi Fahmi Fahmi Fitriyanti Nakul Harahap, Irawan Hartono, Wandi Heru Wijanarko Hutabarat, santa Delima ILFAN AFRIANDI JAHRI, ILFAN AFRIANDI Iqbal Maulana Syafei Koto, Arsyad Kurnia, Putri M. Yusuf DM Meinecky, Ryan Minggu, Sumber Horas Muhammad Faizin Muhammad Rasyid Abdillah Muhammad Rizki Muhardi, Dekky Nofarizal, Dedi Nugraha, Ahmad Angga Oryta, Deny Purba, Desi Valentianna Br Purnomo, Candra Putra, Alghoni Bumantara Rahmi Mahdaliza Reski Putra, Hapis Rizqa Anita sandra dewi Sandra Dewi Sari M, Ayu Novita Sihombing, Indra Lamhot Sihombing, Rainer Wilona Sihotang, Marito Sari Simamora, Bona Adrian Sistha, Windy Widya Toruan, Yohanes Janter Lumban Waloyo, Waloyo Yalid Yalid Yetti, Yetti Yusuf DM, M. Yusuf Yusuf