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Putra, Mulhady
Geography Education Department, Social Science Faculty, Universitas Negeri Medan
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Journal : Mamangan Social Science Journal

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Spatial Analysis of Healthcare Facility Accessibility Using GIS (Case Study: Pantai Labu Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency) Yenny, Novida; Rahmad, Riki; Putra, Mulhady; Wirda, Mona Adria; Ginting, M. Rizky Pratama
Jurnal Mamangan Vol 15, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan Accredited 2 (SK Dirjen Ristek Dikti No. 0173/C3/DT
Publisher : LPPM Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22202/mamangan.v15i1.10906

Abstract

Healthcare accessibility is a central pillar of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), yet spatial inequities persist in many coastal and semi-rural regions due to uneven facility distribution, limited transport connectivity, and infrastructural vulnerability. This study evaluates the spatial accessibility of primary healthcare services in Pantai Labu Subdistrict, North Sumatra, Indonesia, using an integrated Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. The analysis combines Euclidean buffer analysis, road proximity assessment, and network-based accessibility modeling to capture both theoretical and functional dimensions of access. Results reveal pronounced central–peripheral disparities: while most settlements fall within the administrative service radius of the main Puskesmas and its auxiliary Puskesmas Pembantu (Pustu), effective accessibility remains constrained in coastal and inland fringe areas due to weak road connectivity and linear transport dependence. The inclusion of Pustu facilities reduces distance-based gaps; however, functional limitations, particularly the uneven implementation of Integrated Primary Care (ILP) undermine service utilization in several spatially accessible locations. Network analysis further demonstrates that buffer-based methods systematically overestimate accessibility, failing to account for indirect routing, corridor dependence, and cross-boundary healthcare use. Underserved settlements persist where distance, road isolation, and limited service capacity converge, forming localized access deserts despite formal coverage compliance. The study concludes that equitable healthcare access in coastal semi-rural settings requires integrated planning that aligns facility functionality with resilient transport infrastructure. The proposed GIS-based framework offers a replicable, policy-relevant tool for identifying priority intervention zones and supporting spatially targeted strategies to advance UHC in vulnerable regions.
Co-Authors Aisyah Dwi Ramadhani Akmaliyah, Annida Al Zahwa, Afitzka Alfiaturahmah, Viona Lutfia Amanda Anggraini Amelia , Christine Ananda, Qamara Aulia Andri Kurniawan Anisa Muftih As-Syifa R Ramadhani Tanjung As-Syifa R.Ramdhani Tanjung Asmiranda, Theresia Ayu Rulyani Barus , Ade Fransiska Berutu , Nurmala Br Simatupang, Eliana Renintan Br Turnip, Elsa Shelommira Christin Eva Citra Aulia Damanik, Keshya Vallerina Pricillia Damanik, Muhammad Ridha Syafii Darwin Parlaungan Lubis Dini Afrilia Duma Yanti Situmorang Dwi Wahyuni Nurwihastuti Eni Yuniastuti Fahira, Nazlia Farouq Ghazali Matondang Feny Cristanti Siburian Ginting, M. Rizky Pratama Girang Stevani Bancin Hadriadi Iskandar Sipayung Halimatus Sa'diyah Harefa, Meilinda Suriani Harefa, Sri Aswinda Hasibuan, Novita Annisah Haza, Suci Amaliah Hutabarat, Imel Triulina Hutagaol , Oka Nelli Hutapea , Angraini Oktavia Hutapea, Risky Ansipar Hutauruk, Mutiara Hutauruk, Randy Marcel Joey Athana Sembiring Khairunnisa Ludista Masindi Lumban Gaol, Riski Fanni M. Taufik Rahmadi Matondang, Muhammad Farouq Ghazali Mendrofa, Dina Nurrahma Yanti Mona Adria Wirda Muhammad Alfi Muhammad Anas Kautsar Muhammad Arif Mutia Alya Surianto Naibaho, Will Bright Nainggolan , Rifani Nazwa Amelia Putri Novida Yenny Novida Yenny Nurida Hana Simamora Nurintan Nurintan Nurmala Berutu Pinta Yosepin Turnip Prof. Dr. Sugiharto, M.Si Prof. Dr. Sugiharto, M.Si. Rahmadayanti Rahmah, Mawaddah Ramadhan, Taufiq Ramadhani, Haniyah Randy Rio Alfatha Regita Asiah Azzarah Restu Restu Ridha Suyatmika Nainggolan Riki Rahmad Rosa Delima Lumbantungkup Rosni Rosni Sagala, Katarina Yoana Uly Artha Salsabilla, Friska Sendi Permana Serli Sabela Shintia Malau Sihombing, Rouli Anastasia Silitonga, Della Shinta Claudya Simanjuntak, Putri Rejeki Siregar, Gabriel Josua Saputra Siregar, Risbue Siti Hajar Sahari Sitompul, Astrid Situmoran, Elno Sri Rum Giyarsih Sugiharto Sugiharto Sugiharto Sugiharto Sugiharto Syahputri , Deswita Syarifah Andini Syukri Hidayat Telaumbanua, Fausta John Aro Wafiq Ariska Widya Asmara Yenny, Novida Yosella Manullang Yudha Rumapea Zega, Puput Gloria