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Aji Winanta
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INDONESIA
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 27237648     EISSN : 2723763X     DOI : 10.18196
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
JFAPS focuses on various aspects of pharmaceutical sciences such as: Pharmaceutical Technology Pharmacology & Toxicology Pharmaceutical Chemistry Drug Discovery Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Herb Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 130 Documents
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Unlocking Antibiofilm Compounds of Tigarun (Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC.): A Metabolomic Insight via FTIR Spectroscopy Wibowo, Joko Priyanto; Lestari, Dwintha; Nor, Islan; Hasani, Najwi; Wewengkang, Restu Dara; Nurrahmah, Medina
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.28123

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of bacterial infections worldwide, particularly because certain pathogenic bacteria can form biofilms that enhance antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most clinically significant antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with biofilm formation contributing to persistent infections and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the exploration of medicinal plants as alternative sources of antibiofilm agents has become increasingly important. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of three parts of Tigarun (Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC.), a native medicinal plant from Borneo, against MRSA and to investigate the potential metabolites associated with its activity through metabolomic analysis. Leaf, bark, and flower extracts of C. magna were obtained using ultrasound-assisted extraction. Antibiofilm activity against MRSA ATCC 33591 was evaluated using a spectrophotometric microplate assay. Metabolomic profiling was conducted using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analysis to identify metabolite groups that may be responsible for the antibiofilm activity. The results demonstrated that the leaf and flower extracts exhibited strong antibiofilm activity against MRSA biofilms, with IC₅₀ values of 52.88 ± 5.77 µg/mL and 49.30 ± 5.23 µg/mL, respectively. In contrast, the bark extract showed weaker activity, with an IC₅₀ value exceeding 100 µg/mL. FTIR-based metabolomic analysis and multivariate modeling indicated that phenolic and flavonoid metabolites were strongly associated with antibiofilm activity. These findings suggest that C. magna, particularly its leaf and flower extracts, has promising antibiofilm potential against MRSA and may serve as a valuable natural resource for developing alternative antimicrobial agents targeting biofilm-associated bacterial infections.
Formulation and Evaluation of a Combination Gel of Singkil Leaves Extract and Stingless Bee Propolis for Burns Armia, Argadhika Rizqy; Pramesthi, Asri Dwi Endah Dewi; Kustiawan, Paula Mariana
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.28439

Abstract

Burn injuries remain a significant public health concern due to high morbidity and risk of complications. Natural products such as Singkil leaves (Premna corymbosa Rottl. & Willd.), rich in flavonoids, and stingless bee propolis (Heterotrigona itama), recognized for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, demonstrate potential to enhance wound repair. This study aimed to formulate a topical gel combining both extracts and to evaluate its physicochemical characteristics and in vivo burn wound-healing activity. Three gel formulations with different extract ratios were prepared and assessed for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and syneresis. Burn wound healing was evaluated using male Wistar rats. Overall, all formulations fulfilled the physicochemical requirements for topical gels and demonstrated satisfactory physical stability. Formula F1 (75% propolis:25% Premna corymbosa) exhibited the lowest viscosity and acceptable spreadability. Formula F2 (50:50) provided the most balanced rheological profile, with the highest spreadability among all formulations. Meanwhile, Formula F3 (25% propolis:75% Premna corymbosa) showed the greatest adhesion and superior burn wound-healing activity, reducing wound diameter by 42.43%, a result statistically comparable to the positive control. These findings suggest that increasing the proportion of Premna corymbosa extract contributed positively to biological activity while maintaining suitable physicochemical characteristics. These findings indicate that the combined extract gel possesses strong potential as a natural topical therapeutic candidate for burn wound management.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF EXTRACTION METHODS ON TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF BANGLE RHIZOMES (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) Styawan, Anita Agustina; Narasia, Narasia; Nurhaini, Rahmi; Arrosyid, Muchson
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.29242

Abstract

Bangle (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) is a medicinal plant from the Zingiberaceae family widely used in traditional medicine due to its bioactive compounds, particularly phenolic compounds with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. The phenolic content of plant materials is strongly influenced by the extraction method; however, comparative studies on Bangle rhizomes using different extraction techniques remain limited. This experimental analytical study aimed to compare the total phenolic content of Bangle rhizomes extracted using maceration and steam distillation methods. Powdered dried rhizomes were extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol, while fresh rhizomes were subjected to steam distillation to obtain essential oil. Total phenolic content was determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent at a maximum wavelength of 743 nm and an operating time of 60 minutes, expressed as mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract. The results showed that the ethanol extract obtained by maceration exhibited a significantly higher total phenolic content (105.03 mg GAE/g) than the distillation product (83.57 mg GAE/g). Statistical analysis using an independent t-test revealed a significant difference between the two extraction methods (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the maceration method using 96% ethanol is more effective than steam distillation in extracting phenolic compounds from Bangle rhizomes.
Standardization, Quantification of Total Phenolics, Flavonoid Content, and Antibacterial Activity of Yellow Root (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr.) Herawati, Irma Erika; Dewi, Lisna; Kartikawati, Endah; Saepudin, Syumillah
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.29746

Abstract

Yellow root (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr.) has been used empirical in West Sumatra, Indonesia, for stomach disease, anti-malaria, and tumors. The present study aims to characterize non-specific and specific parameters, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antibacterial activity of yellow root. Standardization of yellow root extract tests was carried out in accordance with the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopeia. TPC was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method. TFC was calculated using an aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, and antibacterial activity was evaluated against Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 1223 by the agar diffusion method using the extract and fractions. The results for non-specific parameters showed the water content of the extract (10.1%) and the shrinkage-dried extract (12%). Specific parameters revealed that the extract had a distinct odor, a bitter taste, a brownish-yellow color, and a thick consistency. Microscopic parameters revealed fragments including fibrous sclerotic cells, parenchymal cells, exocarpic stone cells, stone cells, essential oil cells, and tracheal cells. The value of water-soluble compounds was 5.25%, and the value of the ethanol-soluble compounds was 19.75%. Thin-layer chromatography from the extract showed the presence of spots of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, and saponins. The yellow root extract contained total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 87.37 mg GAE/g and 73.80 mg QE/g, respectively. At 800 ppm, the ethanolic extract and fractions, with an inhibition zone of 20.53±0.58 mm, approached the value for clindamycin phosphate (21.90±0.40 mm). Overall, these findings demonstrate that the standardized ethanolic extract of Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr. roor possesses promising antibacterial activity against P. acnes, supporting its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for further development as a natural anti-acne agent.
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the combination of ethanol extract of Seligi leaves (Phyllanthus buxifolius Muell Arg.) and sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L.) in mice Hastuti, Siwi; Rahmatillah, Annie; Rias Anggiri, Refonda
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.30354

Abstract

Research on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Seligi leaves (Phyllanthus buxifolius Muell. Arg) and sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L) has been conducted, but a combination of the two has never been reported. Pain and inflammation are interrelated diseases caused by the activity of pain and inflammation mediators. Analgesics and anti-inflammatories will suppress the activity of phospholipase and cyclooxygenase. This study aims to analyze the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of a combination of ethanol extracts of Seligi leaves and sweet potato leaves. The analgesic test was conducted using the acetic acid-induced writhing method in mice. The anti-inflammatory test was performed by inducing edema in the mice's soles with carrageenan. Phytochemical screening results revealed that both Seligi leaves and sweet potato leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The combination of ethanol extracts of Seligi leaves and sweet potato leaves at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW showed analgesic effects of (17.40 ± 0.59)%, (31.68 ± 0.46)%, and (57.54 ± 0.09)%, respectively. Acetosal, as a positive control at a dose of 65 mg/kgBW, had an analgesic effect of (82.73 ± 0.12)%. The combination of ethanol extract of Seligi leaves and sweet potato leaves at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW exhibited anti-inflammatory properties of (19.91 ± 0.50)%, (24.15 ± 0.24)%, and (54.91 ± 0.25)%, respectively. Diclofenac sodium, as a positive control at a dose of 19.5 mg/kgBW, had an anti-inflammatory effect of (80.56 ± 0.13)%. Negative control served as a reducing factor. One-way ANOVA uncovered significant differences in the means of the outcome variables between groups. Further post hoc LSD tests indicated that all pairs of groups were significantly different (p<0.05). Seligi leaves and sweet potato leaves can reduce pain and inflammation in mice, suggesting they could be developed into new drug ingredients.
Halal authentication study of the chicken siomay with the adulteration of pork using FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics Octavyani, Athalya Aurora; Riswanto, Florentinus Dika Octa
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i2.30356

Abstract

Indonesia has a predominantly Muslim population, resulting in strong demand for halal products. Siomay, a type of dimsum originating in China, was initially made with pork but was later made with chicken to be marketed in Muslim countries. The large number of siomay produced by home industries is detrimental to Muslim consumers because the products are not halal-labeled, so their halal status is unknown. This study, thus, aims to identify chicken siomay and to analyze potential pork adulteration for halal verification using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometric techniques. The samples analyzed in this study consist of chicken siomay mixed with different concentrations of pork, which were used as training and testing sets. The animal fatty acid components in the samples were extracted using the Folch method, followed by spectral data acquisition by FTIR spectroscopy at wavenumbers of 4000-500 cm-1. The spectra results were used as chemometric modeling variables. The PCA (Principal Component Analysis) was performed to determine the most influential principal components in sample grouping, namely Dimension 1 (82.8%) and Dimension 2 (10.1%), with a wavenumber of 1744 cm-1 as the variable that contributed most to building the PCA model. Meanwhile, the PLS-DA (Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis) was used to differentiate chicken fatty acids, pork fatty acids, and their binary mixture, with AUC-ROC values of 1.000, 0.9889, and 0.9630, respectively. These results indicate the quality of the discrimination model with high sensitivity and specificity.
Physical Evaluation and Hedonic Test of Emulgel Sunscreen with Octyl Methoxycinnamate Sari, Diah Indah Kumala; Fazadini, Safira Yulita; Nugraha, Dimas Arya; Puspitasari, Vivit Ayu
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.30621

Abstract

Background: Octyl Methoxycinnamate (OMC) is one of the most commonly used sunscreen agents and can absorb UV-B. Due to its lipophilic nature and oil solubility, OMC can be formulated in the form of an emulgel, a semi solid system combining emulsion and gel, thus facilitating the delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. Objectives: This study aims to develop a sunscreen emulgel formulation containing OMC by evaluating its physical characteristics and hedonic test. Material and Methods: This research is an experimental study using OMC concentrations of 0% (F0), 5% (F1), and 10% (F2). The formulation was made in the form of emulgel by evaluating the physical properties including organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and spreadability and hedonic test assessing texture, aroma, and color using a panel consisting of 30 people. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS with the Shapiro-Wilk test, One-Way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis. Results: The results of this study were obtained from three formulas with the following physical characteristics: Increasing the concentration of OMC did not affect color or consistency at each viscosity level. However, in terms of aroma, F1 and F2 contained the addition of OMC, which contributed to the aroma, while F0, without the active ingredient, had no aroma. Furthermore, increasing the concentration of OMC affected the pH, viscosity, and spreadability of the formulations. The results of the hedonic test showed that respondents preferred Formula 1 due to its texture. Conclusions: This study concluded that the addition of OMC at concentrations of 5% and 10% affected the pH, viscosity, spreadability, and texture of the preparation.
Network-Based and Experimental Evaluation of Vitamin D and Tinospora cordifolia in Immune Modulation Jamil, Ahmad Shobrun; Syifa, Nailis; Puspitasari, Alvina Arum; Rachmawati, Hidajah; Anggraeni, Amaliyah Dina; Farmasari, Novan Visia
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.31191

Abstract

Vitamin D (VD) and Tinospora cordifolia (TC) play important roles in maintaining immune homeostasis and combating infections by modulating the immune response. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of VD and TC on immune modulation, particularly inflammatory cytokine expression and immune cell maturation. The in silico analysis identified TC compounds using the Knapsack and PubChem databases, followed by ADME profiling with SwissADME. Putative target proteins were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction and STRING-DB. In vivo experiments were conducted using female BALB/c mice assigned to five experimental groups to evaluate the effects of VD, TC, and their combination in an Escherichia coli infection model established by intraperitoneal injection. Hematological parameters were analyzed using a hematology analyzer, while inflammatory cytokine and granulocyte cell marker expression were assessed by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis employed one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test. In silico network analysis identified 183 overlapping proteins between hematopoiesis-related proteins and the target proteins of 15 bioactive TC compounds, suggesting potential interactions within hematopoiesis pathways. Network visualization further demonstrated complex interactions involving receptors, enzymes, and transcription factors, supporting the potential immunomodulatory roles of TC. Flow cytometry revealed that VD, TC, and their combination significantly reduced IL-1β expression, indicating anti-inflammatory activity. CD11b+ expression remained unchanged across treatment groups, whereas the combination of VD and TC enhanced the maturation of Gr1+-marked granulocytes. These findings suggest that combined VD and TC may have potential as an anti-inflammatory intervention and may support granulocyte maturation in the immune system.
Potential of Polar Subfraction Alkaloids from Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Uncaria nervosa Elmer Leaves on the Migration Effect of MCF-7/HER2 Breast Cancer Cells Rahmawati, Noveri; Putri, Nurdina
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.31373

Abstract

Breast cancer, particularly the HER2-positive subtype, remains a major global health burden. Medicinal plants are increasingly being explored as sources of anticancer agents due to their chemical diversity and multitarget mechanisms of action. Uncaria nervosa Elmer, an Indonesian ethnomedicinal plant, has shown promising anticancer potential; however, evidence at the subfraction level is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity and the inhibitory effect on cell migration of the polar subfraction (SF-I) derived from the ethyl acetate fraction of Uncaria nervosa leaves against MCF-7/HER2 breast cancer cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay, and cell migration was analyzed using the scratch-wound healing assay. The polar subfraction (SF-I) exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity and significantly inhibited cell migration at sub-cytotoxic concentrations. These findings indicate that polar constituents of Uncaria nervosa exhibit dual anticancer activity by suppressing cancer cell viability and motility, supporting their potential development as phytopharmaceutical candidates for HER2-positive breast cancer.
Ethanol Fraction of Seligi Leaves (Phyllanthus buxifolius (Blume) Muell. Arg) as Analgesic in Male White Mice (Mus musculus) Samsuar, Samsuar; Susanti, Laila; Isbiyantoro, Isbiyantoro; Tantia, Ulfa
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.31474

Abstract

Pain is an uncomfortable sensory and emotional feeling for the sufferer, and pain arises as a sign of tissue damage. There are various types of analgesic drugs used by the community, both traditional and synthetic. One of the plants used as a traditional medicine is Seligi (Phyllanthus buxifolius (Blume) Muell. Arg). The leaves of Seligi are known to contain flavonoid compounds that inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis, a process that produces pain mediators. The purpose of this study is to examine the analgesic effects of the ethanol fraction of Seligi leaves on mice and to establish the optimal dose for oral analgesia in mice. In this investigation, the Sigmund approach was employed. The test animals were 25 male white mice divided into five groups: the negative control group (carboxymethyl cellulose), the positive control group (mefenamic acid) at a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight, and Groups I, II, and III, which were given the ethanol fraction of celosia leaves orally at doses of 46 mg/kg body weight, 92 mg/kg body weight, and 138 mg/kg body weight. After 15 minutes, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with 1% acetic acid, and their movements were observed and counted every 5 minutes for 1 hour. The research results revealed that Group I provided a protection percentage of 36.63% and an effectiveness percentage of 52.3%. Group II provided a protection percentage of 62.98% and an effectiveness percentage of 85.26%. Group III achieved a protection percentage of 71.1% and an effectiveness percentage of 96.26%, which is nearly comparable to the control group, which achieved a protection percentage of 73.86% and an effectiveness percentage of 100%. The results of the smallest significant difference test showed that the positive controls (doses 1, 2, and 3) were significantly different from the negative control, indicating that these groups exhibited an analgesic effect. At doses 2 and 3, there was no significant difference from the positive control, indicating that these doses are equivalent to the positive control.

Page 13 of 13 | Total Record : 130

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