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Rini Dian Anggraini
Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Universitas Riau
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Development of instruments of higher order thinking skills (HOTS) for phase D students Mainumah, Maimunah; Anggraini, Rini Dian; Mildariah, Kurnila
Jurnal Gantang Vol 10 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Gantang
Publisher : Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/hbr45h22

Abstract

This research aims to develop test instruments for Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) that are validated, reliable, and possess excellent discrimination power, as well as appropriate levels of difficulty. These tools are intended to boost the advanced thinking abilities of students at phase D. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) report on December 5, 2023, which analyzed the 2022 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) scores in mathematics, including HOTS questions, there has been a notable worldwide decline. Specifically, Indonesia ranked 68th, with a math score of 379. The focus of this study is on developing HOTS test tools that address topics such as relations, functions, linear equations, and systems of two-variable linear equations, drawing from the AKM (Minimum Competency Assessment) and HOTS mathematics question books. The HOTS questions are designed to encompass cognitive levels C4 (analyzing), C5 (evaluating), and C6 (creating), following the revised Bloom's Taxonomy by Krathwohl and Anderson. As highlighted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (2022), the development of HOTS questions must include elements such as (1) incorporating stimuli and (2) presenting new contexts within the material or question formulation. The questions are constructed in essay format, adhering to standards for validity and reliability, as well as optimal difficulty and discrimination levels. This study employs a development model comprising two phases: the preliminary phase, which involves analysis and design, followed by the formative evaluation phase, encompassing self-evaluation, expert review, one-on-one sessions, small group interactions, and field tests. The outcome of this study produced 17 valid questions with a reliability coefficient of 0.848; 14 questions exhibited strong discrimination power, and 3 demonstrated adequate discrimination power, with all 17 HOTS questions classified in the medium difficulty range.
Co-Authors ', Jalinus ', Sudarmono ', Zulkarnain AA Sudharmawan, AA Adli, Ariful Agustin, Erza Mulia Aisyah Amalina Alamra, Nadia Suci Wahyuni Alvini Lestari Anggi Anjastin, Melati Agmiika Apristi, Ivo Ariful Khairi Ariska Arintika Armis Armis ' Armis Armis Armis Armis Astuti, Rahmi Puspa Sari Atma Murni Atma Murni Atma Murni Atma Murni Murni, Atma Murni Bisri Mustofa Bokhari, Khairiati Cecep Kusmana Cesilia, Sindy Desfi Helvina Efendi, Thassya Novanka Eka Fitri Arum Elfis Suanto Elina Elina Elsa Susanti Elsya Suharnita Etika Putri Febrina Ramadhani Fitri Aldresti Fitri, Del Habib Abdullah Hafizah, Nurul Huda Halimirnawati Halimirnawati Harahap, Khairunnisa Hasanah, Ajroni Hayatun Nufus Helmawati Hesty Marwani Siregar Holyness Nurdin Singadimedja Inalda, Avisha Trinanda Insan Valentino Wibawanto Irawan, Melati Putri Ivo Rahmadini Lubis Jalinus ' Julfa Wista KARTINI Kartini Kartini Kartini Kartini Kholisah, Saniah Afiqoh Maimunah Maimunah Maimunah Maimunah Maimunah Maimunah, Maimunah Mainumah, Maimunah Maya Angraini Meldha Rizkiani Mentari Tiara Putri Meydia Rahmi Mildariah, Kurnila Milya Poliska Monica Ayu Putri Mutia Suhadah Nahor Murani Hutapea Nasuha, Siti Nur Samsi Parsaoran Selpanri Sitorus Patricia, Putri Permata, Ariya Pratiwy, Septy Ella Putri Ayu Lestari Putri Maya Sari Putri Yuanita Putri, Aprilia Ihsani Rafiqo Nurfadila, Rafiqo Rahma, Ati Ramadhan Permadikusuma Nugraha Rika Aprilia Rima Sahuri Rina Ayu Ramadhani Rizqy Nanda Arimurty Rohiimah, Siti Ruri Septika Rusdel Syam Sakur Sakur Sakur, Sakur Sarah, Shanti Sehatta Saragih Sehatta Saragih Septy Ella Pratiwy Sri Indriyani Suhadah, Mutia Suhermi ' Suhermi Suhermi Sulastri Sulastri Susda Heleni Susianingsih, Susianingsih Syarifah Nur Siregar Syofni Syofni Syofni Syofni Syofni, Syofni Tia Andesma Tiara Gunawan Tilla, Azifa Tionom Silaban Titi Solfitri Weldila Fitri Wening Widyastari Wiwin Crisdayanti Yanti, Risma Yenita Roza Yumni Karim Yurhagusfiani Yurmalia, Della Yusa Putra Zahratul Maika Zuhri Zuhri Zulkarnain ' Zulkarnain Zulkarnain