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Aqueous Leaf Extract of Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.) Could Improve the Physicochemical Properties of Beef Sausage Dough Suharyanto Suharyanto; Henny Nuraini; Tuti Suryati; Irma Isnafia Arief; Dondin Sajuthi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Ternak (JITEK) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science Universitas Brawijaya

Improving comminuted meat products characteristics using a natural agent, such as phytochemicals, in order to replace the use of nitrite, have become a need due to the health reason. The quality of the sausage is also affected by the initial characteristics of the dough. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of aqueous leaf extract of senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.) on the physicochemical properties of beef sausage dough. Different four formulas as treatment were employed to form the dough: formula A was as a control consisted of beef meat, vegetable oil, skim milk powder, tapioca, salt, phosphate, and seasoning; formula B was control added with extract 0.55%; formula C was control added with sodium nitrite 0.0011%, and formula D was control added with extract 0.55% and sodium nitrite 0.0011%. All ingredients were blended to be the dough. The result of the study denoted that the extract (B and D) significantly decreased (P<0.05) pH, and aw value with no difference in water content among the dough. The total phenolic content of the dough containing extract (B and D) was markedly higher (P<0.05) than were others. It increased significantly on antioxidant capacity, scavenging activity, and reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value of the dough. There was also no nitrite residual detected in all dough. In conclusion, the extract could improve the physicochemical properties of beef sausage dough and replace the use of nitrite in the dough.

Potensi Yogurt Rosella Probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 atau Lactobacillus fermentum B111K dalam Mengasimilasi Kolesterol Asti Yosela Oktaviana; Irma Isnafia Arief; Irmanida Batubara
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 3 (2018): Agustus 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Yogurt rosella susu kambing merupakan susu kambing fermentasi menggunakan bakteri stater “Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophilus” serta ditambah ekstrak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). Bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 dan Lactobacillus fermentum B111K digunakan sebagai probiotik pada pembuatan minuman yogurt rosella. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik dan kemampuan yogurt rosella probiotik dengan menggunakan L. plantarum IIA-1A5 dan L. fermentum B111K dalam mengasimilasi kolesterol secara in vitro dengan lama penyimpanan berbeda. Perlakuan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah P1 : Yogurt dengan bakteri L. bulgaricus dan S. thermophilus, P2 : Yogurt rosella dengan L. bulgaricus dan S. thermophilus, P3 : Yogurt rosella dengan bakteri L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus dan L. plantarum IIA-1A5, P4 : Yogurt rosella dengan bakteri L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus dan L. fermentum B111K. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri L. plantarum IIA-1A5 dan L. fermentum memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap nilai viskositas, aktivitas air, total asam tertitrasi (TAT) selama penyimpanan 15 hari. Penggunaan bakteri L. plantarum IIA-1A5 dan L. fermentum B111K tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P>0.05) terhadap nilai total bakteri asam laktat (BAL) tetapi lama penyimpanan 15 hari memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0.05). Karakteristik fisik, kimia dan mikrobiologi yogurt rosella probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 dan Lactobacillus fermentum B111K selama penyimpanan 15 hari masih baik dan layak untuk dikonsumsi. Selama penyimpanan 15 hari yogurt rosella probiotik Lactobacillus fermentum B111K (YRPF) memiliki potensi mengasimilasi kolesterol tertinggi dengan kolesterol terasimilasi sebesar 4.59 µg/ml dan persentase kolesterol terasimilasi sebesar 15.7%.Potency of Yogurt Roselle Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 or Lactobacillus fermentum B111K in Assimilating CholesterolAbstractYogurt roselle milk goat is fermented milk goat using starter bacteria "Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus" probiotic bacteria added with rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). The Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 and Lactobacillus fermentum B111K bacteria are used as probiotics in the manufacture of functional beverages of rosella yogurt. The objective of the study was to evaluate the characteristics and abilities of probiotic rosella yogurt by using L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and L. fermentum B111K in assimilating cholesterol by in vitro analysis with different storage times. Treatment conducted in this research was P1: yogurt with L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus bacteria, P2: Yogurt with L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus bacteria, P3: Yogurt with bacteria L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus and L. plantarum IIA-1A5 bacteria, P4: rosella yogurt with stater bacteria and L. fermentum B111K. The results showed that L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and L. fermentum had significant effect (P <0.05) on viscosity, water activity, total titrated acids (TAT) during 15 days storage. The use of L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and L. fermentum B111K bacteria did not give significant effect (P> 0.05) to the total value of lactic acid bacteria (BAL) but 15 days storage time gave significant effect (P <0.05). Physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of yogurt roselle probiotic L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and yogurt roselle probiotic L. fermentum B111K for 15 days storage are still good and feasible for consumption. During the 15 day storage of probiotic yogurt rosella L. fermentum B111K (YRPF) has the potential to assimilate the highest cholesterol with assimilated cholesterol by 4.59 μg/ml and the assimilated cholesterol percentage of 15.7%

Potensi Ekstrak Daun Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai Food Additive pada Sosis Daging Sapi Suharyanto Suharyanto; Henny Nuraini; Tuti Suryati; Irma Isnafia Arief; Dondin Sajuthi
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 8, No 1 (2019): Februari 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi esktrak daun senduduk (EDS) sebagai food additive ditinjau dari sifat fisikokimia dan mikrobiologi sosis daging sapi selama penyimpanan dingin. Sebanyak 40 g bubuk daun senduduk dimaserasi dalam air destilata (1:4; b/v) selama 24 jam pada suhu kamar, disaring, kemudian di-freeze dry. Empat perlakuan diaplikasikan, yaitu kontrol yang mengandung daging sapi, minyak nabati, susu skim bubuk, tepung tapioka, garam, fosfat, es, dan bumbu-bumbu (kontrol); formula kontrol ditambah dengan ekstrak 0,55% (EDS), ditambah garam nitrit 0,0011% (nitrit), dan ditambah keduanya (EDS+nitrit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan EDS dan kombinasinya dengan nitrit menurunkan susut masak sosis. Kandungan nutrisi semua sosis penelitian masuk dalam kategori SNI. Nilai pH sosis menurun akibat pemberian EDS, bukan oleh lamanya penyimpanan. Lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya aw sosis dengan menghasilkan nilai yang sama pada penyimpanan hari ke-12 untuk semua sosis. EDS dan nitrit memberikan efek yang sama terhadap daya mengikat air (DMA) yang lebih rendah dibanding kontrol pada hari ke-0, tetapi memiliki DMA yang sama pada penyimpanan hari ke-12. Warna sosis tidak berbeda antar sosis dan lamanya penyimpanan kecuali pada sosis yang diberi nitrit memiliki derajat kemerahan lebih tinggi. Penambahan EDS dapat meningkatkan kandungan senyawa fenolat, aktivitas antioksidan pada sosis, dan menurunkan nilai TBARS serta mereduksi nitrit pada setiap masa penyimpanan. Kombinasi EDS dan nitrit menekan pertumbuhan bakteri hingga penyimpanan hari ke-12. Pemberian EDS saja hanya menekan pertumbuhan bakteri hingga hari ke-6. Meskipun demikian secara mikrobiologis, sosis masih masuk kategori SNI kecuali keberadaan Salmonella yang muncul pada hari ke-9.Potential Use of Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum) Leaf Extract as Food Additive on Beef SausageAbstractThis study aimed to analyze the potency of senduduk leaf extracts (SLE) as a food additive to physicochemical and microbiological properties of beef sausages during refrigerated storage. A-40 g powder was macerated with distilled water (1:4; w/v) for 24 h at room temperature, filtered, and then was freeze-dried. Four treatments were employed including control containing beef, vegetable oil, skimmed milk powder, tapioca, salt, phosphate, ice, and seasons (control); control added extract 0.55% (SLE); sodium nitrite 0.0011% (nitrite); and both (SLE+nitrite). The results showed the addition of SLE and SLE+nitrite decreased the cooking loss. The nutritional content of all sausages fit SNI (Indonesia Nasional Standard) category. The pH of sausage decreased caused by SLE, not by storage. The storage affected increasing aw sausages by yielding the similar value at day 12th. SLE and nitrites exerted an equivalent effect on water holding capacity (WHC) compared to control on day 0 but gave the same WHC at day 12 storage. The Sausage color was not different between treatment and storage except for sausage added with nitrite, which had a higher redness. The SLE increased phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, but decreased the TBARS value and reduced nitrite residue at each storage period. The SLE and nitrite combination declined the bacterial growth until the 12th day of storage, while SLE delayed bacterial growth until day 6. Nevertheless, microbiologically, sausage was still included in the SNI category except for the presence of Salmonella on day 9.

Karakterisasi Plantarisin IIA-1A5 sebagai Antimikroba dan Evaluasi Aktivitas Sediaan Kering Beku Terenkapsulasi Mochammad Sriduresta Soenarno; Irma Isnafia Arief; Cece Sumantri; Epi Taufik; Lilis Nuraida
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Bakteriosin adalah peptida dengan aktivitas antibakteri yang diproduksi oleh bakteri asam laktat dan digunakan sebagai pengawet alami. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 memproduksi bakteriosin yang diberi nama Plantarisin IIA-1A5 pada medium pertumbuhan yang dibuat dari whey yang diperkaya skim. Untuk aplikasi sebagai pengawet alami dan untuk memperbaiki masa simpan dan aktivitas anti mikrobanya, plantarisin perlu dienkapsulasi dan dikeringbekukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antimikroba dari sediaan plantarisin IIA-1A5 yang terpurifikasi parsial dan terenkapsulasi kering beku. Ekstraksi dan purifikasi dari bakteriosin dimulai dengan presipitasi dengan ammonium sulfat, yang diikuti dengan dialysis, dan penukar kation kromatografi. Purifikasi parsial dari plantarisin kemudian dimikroenkapsulasi dengan maltodextrin kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses kering beku. Berdasarkan pada SDS-PAGE, fraksi protein ke-7 (F7) dari plantarisin yang dipurifikasi parsial memiliki pita tunggal dan berat molekul sekitar 9,65 kDa. Konfirmasi lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan MALDI-TOF MS, ternyata pita tunggal tersebut terdiri dari 5 peptida yang diidentifikasi berbobot molekul masing-masing sebagai berikut 5,5, 7,80, 7,96, 9,09, dan 9,27 kDa. Plantarisin kering beku memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap Staphylococcus aureus tiga kali lipat dibandingkan dengan aktivitas antimikroba dari supernatan bebas sel, dan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nisin, namun kurang bila dibandingkan dengan antibiotik ampisilin dan penisilin. Kesimpulannya, aktivitas antimikroba plantarisin kering beku dapat ditentukan dan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nisin, ampisilin dan penisilin.Characterization of Plantarisin IIA-1A5 as Antimicrobial subtances and Evaluation of Acitivity of Freeze-dried Microencapsulated PreparationAbstractBacteriocins are peptides with antibacterial activity produced by lactic acid bacteria and used as natural preservatives. Previous studies showed that Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 produces bacteriocin named plantaricin IIA-1A5 in the medium consisting whey enriched with skim milk. For application as food preservatives and to improve its shelf-lie and activity, plantaricin was needed to be microencapsulated and freeze dried. The objective of this research was to characterize and evaluate the activity of partially purified freeze dried microencapsulated plantaricin IIA-1A5. Characterisation of partially purified plantaricin IIA-IA5 includes the identification of active fractions and molecular weight, evaluation of activity at different stage of purification and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of freeze dried microencapsulated plantaricin IIA-IA5. Extraction and prificafication of the bacteriocins started with precipitacion with ammonium sulfate, followed by dialysis, and cation exchange chromatography. The partial purified of plantaricin was then microencapsulated in maltodextrin followed by freeze drying. Based on SDS-PAGE, the protein fraction F7 of partially purified plantaricin had a single band and molecular weight about 9.65 kDa. Further analyses using MALDI-TOF, it revealed that five peptides were identified from one single band plantaricin with molecular weight 5.5, 7.80, 7.96, 9.09, and 9.27 kDa, respectively. The freeze dried plantaricin freeze showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus three times stringer as compared to the activity of cell free supernatant, and was higher than nicin, but less than antibiotic ampicilin and penicilin. As concusion, the activity of freeze dried plantaricin could be determined and had a higher value than nicin, ampicilin and penicilin.

Potensi Yogurt Rosella Probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 atau Lactobacillus fermentum B111K dalam Mengasimilasi Kolesterol Asti Yosela Oktaviana; Irma Isnafia Arief; Irmanida Batubara
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 3 (2018): Agustus 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Food Technologists

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17728/jatp.2760

Yogurt rosella susu kambing merupakan susu kambing fermentasi menggunakan bakteri stater “Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophilus” serta ditambah ekstrak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). Bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 dan Lactobacillus fermentum B111K digunakan sebagai probiotik pada pembuatan minuman yogurt rosella. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik dan kemampuan yogurt rosella probiotik dengan menggunakan L. plantarum IIA-1A5 dan L. fermentum B111K dalam mengasimilasi kolesterol secara in vitro dengan lama penyimpanan berbeda. Perlakuan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah P1 : Yogurt dengan bakteri L. bulgaricus dan S. thermophilus, P2 : Yogurt rosella dengan L. bulgaricus dan S. thermophilus, P3 : Yogurt rosella dengan bakteri L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus dan L. plantarum IIA-1A5, P4 : Yogurt rosella dengan bakteri L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus dan L. fermentum B111K. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri L. plantarum IIA-1A5 dan L. fermentum memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0.05) terhadap nilai viskositas, aktivitas air, total asam tertitrasi (TAT) selama penyimpanan 15 hari. Penggunaan bakteri L. plantarum IIA-1A5 dan L. fermentum B111K tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P>0.05) terhadap nilai total bakteri asam laktat (BAL) tetapi lama penyimpanan 15 hari memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0.05). Karakteristik fisik, kimia dan mikrobiologi yogurt rosella probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 dan Lactobacillus fermentum B111K selama penyimpanan 15 hari masih baik dan layak untuk dikonsumsi. Selama penyimpanan 15 hari yogurt rosella probiotik Lactobacillus fermentum B111K (YRPF) memiliki potensi mengasimilasi kolesterol tertinggi dengan kolesterol terasimilasi sebesar 4.59 µg/ml dan persentase kolesterol terasimilasi sebesar 15.7%.Potency of Yogurt Roselle Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 or Lactobacillus fermentum B111K in Assimilating CholesterolAbstractYogurt roselle milk goat is fermented milk goat using starter bacteria "Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus" probiotic bacteria added with rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). The Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 and Lactobacillus fermentum B111K bacteria are used as probiotics in the manufacture of functional beverages of rosella yogurt. The objective of the study was to evaluate the characteristics and abilities of probiotic rosella yogurt by using L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and L. fermentum B111K in assimilating cholesterol by in vitro analysis with different storage times. Treatment conducted in this research was P1: yogurt with L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus bacteria, P2: Yogurt with L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus bacteria, P3: Yogurt with bacteria L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus and L. plantarum IIA-1A5 bacteria, P4: rosella yogurt with stater bacteria and L. fermentum B111K. The results showed that L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and L. fermentum had significant effect (P <0.05) on viscosity, water activity, total titrated acids (TAT) during 15 days storage. The use of L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and L. fermentum B111K bacteria did not give significant effect (P> 0.05) to the total value of lactic acid bacteria (BAL) but 15 days storage time gave significant effect (P <0.05). Physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of yogurt roselle probiotic L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and yogurt roselle probiotic L. fermentum B111K for 15 days storage are still good and feasible for consumption. During the 15 day storage of probiotic yogurt rosella L. fermentum B111K (YRPF) has the potential to assimilate the highest cholesterol with assimilated cholesterol by 4.59 μg/ml and the assimilated cholesterol percentage of 15.7%

Quality Organoleptic Se’i Beef Given Schleichera oleosa Bark Extract on Different Volums Aristo Kurniawan Sio; Irma Isnafiah Arief; Tuti Suryati
Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology Vol 4 No 2 (2022): Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology
Publisher : Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Timor University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32938/jtast.v4i2.2481

This study aims to determine the organoleptic quality of beef Se’i which was given Schleichera oleosa bark extract at different levels. Se’i beef was processed by adding 0 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract (without the addition of extract), 20 mL, 30 mL and 40 mL, then the beef Se’i was smoked in a smoker house for ± 1 hour at a temperature of 80-90˚C. Se’i beef was then tested by 30 semi-trained panelists who were panelists who often consumed beef Se’i. The variables observed in this study included color, aroma, texture and taste of beef Se’i. The data obtained were analyzed statistically with a nonparametric alternative test, namely Kruskal Wallis. If the Kruskal Wallis test showed a significant difference (p<0.05), then it was continued with the Post Hoc Test using the Mann Whitney test. Panelists responded to the color of beef Se’i best in the addition of 30 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract with an average value of 4.37. Beef Se’i with the addition of Schleichera oleosa bark extract produces a reddish color compared to Se’i without the addition of Schleichera oleosa bark extract which has a more blackish color. The best beef Se’i aroma was shown in the addition of 40 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract at 5.30 followed by the addition of 30 mL and 20 mL of extract. 30 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract provides a distinctive taste that is favored by panelists. The best taste of beef Se’i in the addition of 30 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract was 4,70 followed by the addition of 20 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract, which had a second average of 4.50 and 40 mL, which was 4.16. Meanwhile, the lowest mean value was in the treatment without the addition of Schleichera oleosa bark extract, which was 4.00. Panelists assessed the best texture of beef Se’i produced in the addition of 30 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract, which was 5.26. Se’i beef with the addition of 40 mL of Schleichera oleosa bark extract had a second average of 5.23 and 20 mL, which was 4.50. Meanwhile, beef Se’i without the addition of Schleichera oleosa bark extract had the lowest average of 4.06.

Household Consumers Perception towards Frozen Beef Astari Apriantini; Irma Isnafia Arief; Lucia cyrilla ENSD
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 27, No 4 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v27i4.3003

Demand of beef in Indonesia is higher compared to the domestic beef supply, hence the Indonesian government has established policy to import frozen beef from other countries in order to support the high demand of Indonesia people. However, mosf of Indonesian people prefer to purchase fresh meat (freshly slaughtered beef) rather than frozen beef. The aims of this study were to identify the characteristics of household consumers who bought beef meat and their perceptions towards frozen beef; including to analyze the relationship between perceptions and consumer characteristics of frozen beef, and to analyze the consumer behavior in making decision to buy frozen beef in Bogor area and DKI Jakarta. Total about 200 households were directly interviewed using structured questionnaire. The questionnaires includes general characteristics of respondents (age, education level, occupation, income, number of family member), purchasing behavior which was analyzed descriptively, and respondents perceptions toward frozen beef which was analyzed by calculating the average value of perception and then categorized based on the level of perception category. Results showed that consumer’s perceptions toward frozen beef according to several aspects had a low score (average final score 2.37), indicated that consumers had a poor perceptions towards frozen beef. Furthermore, most of the respondents who buy beef were housewives who buy meat in traditional markets which only provide fresh meat, they assumed that fresh meat had very good quality because the meat came from slaughtered beef. Those respondents think that freezing causes negative effects on beef, freezing treatment reduce the quality such as changes of meat color and flavour; and reduce nutritional content of beef. It was discovered that socialization about frozen beef and the process of handling frozen meat is required for household consumers to control the quality of beef as well as to increase the consumer’s trusts in purchasing frozen beef.

Determination of Complete Sequence Mutation of Myostatin Gene in Fast- and Slow-Growing Chicken Isyana Khaerunnisa; Ahmad Furqon; Saiful Anwar; Jakaria Jakaria; Cahyo Budiman; Irma Isnafia Arief; Cece Sumantri; Yong Soo Kim
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.148-158

Myostatin plays a role in inhibiting skeletal muscle growth in vertebrates. This study aimed to investigate the full sequence of the myostatin gene in fast-growing and slow-growing chickens. Fast- and slow-growing chicken models were produced from F2 Kampung x broiler. The full sequence of the myostatin gene was identified using 24 pairs of primers covering about 8,000 bp. mRNA expression analysis of muscle tissue was performed to examine whether the expression levels of myostatin are affected by chicken lines, sex, or muscle type. The results showed 170 mutations in fast- and slow-growing chickens. One hundred and sixty-one of them are novel mutations. A total of five and twenty-two alleles were specific alleles found only in the fast-growing and slow-growing groups of chickens, respectively. There were no differences in amino acids and gene expression levels of myostatin between the fast- and slow-growing chickens. In summary, the results of this study showed that specific alleles for the fast-growing or slow-growing chicken groups were found, suggesting that these specific alleles potentially be used as genetic markers for muscle growth in chickens.

Efektivitas Konsentrat Papain Bubuk, Getah Pepaya Segar, dan Papain Komersial sebagai Koagulan dalam Pembuatan Dangke Muh. Achyar Ardat; Zakiah Wulandari; Irma Isnafia Arief
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 27 No. 4 (2022): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.27.4.620

Dangke is a milk-based dish in which the papain coagulates casein. This study aims to test the effectiveness of powdered papain concentrate, fresh papaya sap, and commercial papain as a coagulant agent in the dangke preparation with three additional levels of enzyme activity in each type of papain. The resulting dangke was tested physically, chemically, and organoleptically to determine the type of papain and the enzyme's activity level most effectively as a coagulant. The three enzyme activity levels used were 217.14, 434,29, and 651.44 AU/mg with a heating temperature of 100.16°C. The experiment used a randomized group design factorial pattern with three replications. Testing on the physical properties of the two types of papain showed results that did not differ significantly (P>0.05) for the whey weight but differed significantly for the yield. The results of the chemical properties test showed significantly different results (P<0.05) on the protein level. Based on hedonic quality tests, the dangke that is liked was chewy in texture, white in color, predominantly milky, has a distinctive dangke taste, and does not taste bitter. The hedonic quality on Anova test indicated a significantly different result (P<0.05) for all tested parameters. The best papain as a coagulant in dangke making was fresh sap papain and freeze-dried papain with the addition of the lowest level of enzyme activity, or level one. Keywords: coagulant, dangke, enzyme activity, organoleptic, papain

Strategi Kebijakan Impor Sapi Berbasis Manajemen Risiko di Masa Pandemi Firmansyah Firmansyah; Yandra Arkeman; Irma Isnafia Arief
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 28 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.28.1.93

This study aims to analyze potential risks and risk mitigation in the company's supply chain to minimize the company's potential losses and develop a policy strategy for importing feeder cattle during the COVID-19 pandemic as a framework (blueprint) for company readiness in the future as well as in handling food security, especially to meet the domestic demand for beef, which is currently only able to meet 70% of the total demand. In the early stages of the research, the House of Risk (HOR) method is employed to identify risk variables (risk events and risk agents) and risk mitigation. The results obtained from the risk analysis are used to develop corporate policy strategies. The results of the ANP-BOCR analysis show that the policy strategy that is set as the highest priority is the improvement and enhancement of operation and production processes (PPOP). The alternative policy strategy with the lowest priority is implementing a Go-Public (KGP) policy. Improvement and enhancement of operation and production processes carried out in the company include: 1) application of complete feed; 2) production efficiency and mechanization; and 3) implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) and Digitalization. The results of the Rater Agreement (W) show that all respondents (experts) have a fairly high agreement on the priority of the policy strategy set, with Kendall's W coefficient value of 0.5. Keywords: analytic network process, BOCR, Covid-19, house of risk

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