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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI Jurnal Simetris Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA AGROINFO GALUH JURKAM: Jurnal Konseling Andi Matappa Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Jurnal Administrasi dan Manajemen PERENNIAL Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Journal of Information Systems and Management Jurnal PkM MIFTEK Jurnal Sylva Lestari Makara Journal of Technology Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Research Horizon Karimah Tauhid RESLAJ: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal Jurnal Budi Pekerti Agama Kristen dan Katolik Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Dede Hermawan
Departemen Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan Dan Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Neuroscience Physics Social Sciences Other

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Optimizing Nitric Acid Leaching Conditions for Ash and Potassium Reduction in Empty Fruit Bunches-Based Biomass Energy Dwi Jaksana Megah Santosa; Dede Hermawan; Sukma Surya Kusumah; Deded Sarip Nawawi; Jajang Sutiawan
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 9 No. 01 (2026): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v9i01.23044

Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) represent an abundant biomass waste in Indonesia with high potential as a solid biofuel. However, the high ash content and the presence of alkali metals such as potassium in EFB contribute to low combustion efficiency and increase the risks of fouling and slagging. This study aims to reduce the ash and potassium content in EFB-based biomass fuel through demineralization using nitric acid (HNO₃). Acid demineralization was conducted using various acid concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) and soaking durations (10, 30, and 60 minutes). The parameters analyzed include ash content, calorific value, potassium content, as well as proximate and ultimate analysis. The results indicate that demineralization using 1% nitric acid for 10 minutes is the optimum condition, successfully reducing the ash content from 7.93% to 3,43% and reduced potassium by 77% (0,087%- 0,02%). In addition, the fix carbon increased (16,11%-18,09%), sulfur decreased (0,115%-0,086%), and the calorific value increased to 4355,83 cal/g. This treatment also increased the carbon and hydrogen content while reducing sulfur content, thereby improving thermal quality and reducing emissions. Acid demineralization using low-concentration nitric acid is effective in reducing ash and potassium content, thereby enhancing the performance of EFB-based biopellets as a biomass energy source.
The RPUF Composite’s Physical and Mechanical Properties with Ramie Stem Particle Reinforcement Rihab Stafian Nisa; Dede Hermawan; Sasa Sofyan Munawar; Deni Purnomo; Bambang Subiyanto; Ismadi; Ahmad Syahrir; Fazhar Akbar
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 01 (2024): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v7i01.10254

Abstract

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is a common insulation material that has low thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties. The qualities of RPUF may be enhanced by adding natural fiber reinforcing. The purpose of this work is to examine how the mechanical and physical characteristics of RPUF composite are affected by the amount of ramie stem particles present. Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5908-2003 is the basis for the mechanical test (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, compressive strength, internal bond) and the physical test (density, moisture content, water absorption). The study's findings suggest that the physical properties of the RPUF composite were affected by the addition of ramie particles for reinforcement. The density increase in particle content 2.5% “ 7.5% range, is not statistically significant. The MC and WA increased statistically significantly. The values of MOE and MOR were not significantly different. In fact, with the addition of 2.5% and 5% ramie particles, the compressive strength value was higher than the RPUF composite without ramie particle filler. Then overall, the IB value was increased by increasing the ramie particles in the RPUF composite. The addition of 2.5-5% ramie particles into the RPUF composite showed optimum results in mechanical properties. Thereby, the addition of ramie particles in the RPUF composite means reducing the use of polyurethane. Therefore, it can reduce production costs. Then the product is more environmentally friendly
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Finger-jointed Keruing and Meranti Board using Phenol-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde and Polyurethane-Reactive Adhesives as Truck Deck Afrian Sayyidina Achmad; Dede Hermawan; Mahdi Mubarok; Jajang Sutiawan; Ryan Nata Wirasasmita
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 9 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v9i02.24170

Abstract

Finger-jointed (FJ) boards are widely used for truck decking applications that require high mechanical strength and dimensional stability. Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) and Meranti (Shorea spp.) are common tropical woods, yet comparative performance data using different adhesives remain limited. This study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of Keruing and Meranti FJ boards bonded with phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde (PRF) and polyurethane-reactive (PUR) adhesives. Boards were manufactured using a 2 cm finger profile, adhesive spread of 260–300 g/m², and pressing pressure of 50 kg/cm². Physical properties assessed included moisture content, density, water absorption, thickness swelling, and delamination, while mechanical properties comprised modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and Janka hardness. The experiment followed a factorial completely randomized design with two factors: wood species and adhesive type. All specimens achieved moisture contents of 9–10%. Keruing exhibited higher density (0.88–0.99 g/cm³) than Meranti (0.67 g/cm³). PUR adhesive significantly enhanced mechanical performance, increasing MOR to 128.81 N/mm² in Keruing and 122.70 N/mm² in Meranti, corresponding to improvements of 29.1% and 47.9%, respectively, and increasing MOE to 101.98 N/mm² and 96.88 N/mm², representing gains of 51.1% and 74.0%. These values exceeded the minimum requirements of ASTM D5572:1999. In contrast, PRF adhesive improved dimensional stability, reducing thickness swelling to 2.82% in Keruing and 3.57% in Meranti and producing low delamination values of 0.88% and 0.25%, fully complying with JAS 1152:2007 (<5%). The adhesive type and wood species had no significant effect on hardness. The results indicate that PRF is more suitable for applications requiring durability and moisture resistance, whereas PUR is preferable for maximizing mechanical strength in truck deck materials.
Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Coconut Coir-Based Composite Roof Tiles with Molasses Polyurethane Coating Riskatul Walidaini; Dede Hermawan; Irsan Alipraja; Mahdi Mubarok; Rudi Hartono; Aprilia Kartikawati; Sukma Surya Kusumah; Jajang Sutiawan
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 9 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v9i02.24871

Abstract

Lightweight roofing materials based on natural fibers are one alternative for developing more efficient and sustainable building materials. Coconut coir is an abundant agricultural waste product with potential as a raw material for composite roof tiles. This study aims to evaluate the effect of molasses concentration variation on the physical and mechanical properties of coconut coir-based composite roof tiles coated with polyurethane. Composite roof tiles are produced from coconut coir particles and coated using a polyurethane system with varying molasses concentrations. Physical property testing included density, moisture content, water absorption, and thickness swelling, while mechanical properties were evaluated through flexural testing. All tests were conducted in accordance with JIS A 5908:2003 standards and analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed that variations in molasses concentration in the polyurethane coating system did not have a statistically significant effect on the physical and mechanical properties of composite tiles. Polyurethane-molasses coating tended to reduce water absorption and thickness swelling compared to uncoated tiles, but did not show a consistent pattern of change. The mechanical properties of composite tiles were relatively similar across all treatments, indicating that tile performance is more influenced by the material's internal characteristics and the compaction process.
Co-Authors Abdillah, Imam Busyra ADI SANTOSO Adi Santoso Afrian Sayyidina Achmad Agus Yuniawan Isyanto Ahmad Jamaludin Ahmad Syahrir Aisyah, Syifa Akhiruddin Maddu Alessandro Geovani Damanik Alfarisi, Muhammad Tsalman Algifari, M. Alimuddin Alimuddin Alvian Saputra Pardede Andi SRD Lestari Anita Firmanti Apri H Iswanto Apri Heri Iswanto Apri Iswanto Apri Iswanto, Apri Aprilia Kartikawati Arif Fajar Prasetiyo Asep Sujana Astari, Lilik Bagus MARTIANTO Bambang Subiyanto Bernadeta Ayu Widyaningrum Bernadeta Ayu Widyaningrum Budi Setia Chaira Saidah Cimmi Oki Putri Damanik Deded Sarip Nawawi Deded Sarip Nawawi Deni Purnomo Deni Purnomo Deni Purnomo Deni Zulfiana Dimas Triwibowo Dwi Jaksana Megah Santosa Elfrida Ratnawati Endang Sukara Ernawati Fathur Rohman, Muhammad Iqbal Fauzi Febrianto Fauzi, Habal Fauziah, Rizkia Fazhar Akbar Firda A Syamani Firda A. Syamani Firda Aulya Syamani Fisimar, Farhan Al Gempar Al-Hadist Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Hakim, Mizanul Happy Yulia Anggraeni Heni Pujiastuti Hidayat, Danih Jian I Putu Raditya Bagus Surya Kelana Ikhsan Guswenrivo Iman Hidayat Irsan Alipraja Ismadi Ismadi Ismadi Ismail Budiman Ismail Budiman Ismail Budiman Ismail Budiman Jajang Suryana Jajang Sutiawan Jajang Sutiawan Jajang Sutiawan Jajang Sutiawan Jajang Sutiawan Jajang Sutiawan Jr, Muhammad Zairin Kenji Umemura Khairun Hidayat Khairun Hidayat Khoirunnissa, Khoirunnissa Kurnia Wiji Prasetiyo Kurnia Wiji Prasetyo Kusumah, Sukma Surya Lina Karlinasari Lisman Suryanegara M. Farouq Iksan Madani, M Fikri Haikal Mahdi Mubarok Mangurai, Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang Maolana, Ikhsan Merici, Elfriyani Angela Muh Yusram Massijaya, Muh Yusram Muhammad F Ikhsan Muhammad Ferdiansyah Muhammad Sadir Muhammad Sadir Muhammad Y Massijaya Muhammad Zairin Jr Munadian, Munadian Murni Handayani Mustaghfirin Mustaghfirin Mustamu, Sofia Naresworo Nugroho Narto Nijar, Afnan Farhan Nofrisman Jaya Putra Zendrato Nurhaida, . Odang Carman Pari, Rohmah Prama Hartami Praniko Imam Sagita Raden Djuniarsono Rahman Rahman Ramadani, Arfah Ramadhan, Dikri Ramadhan, Risan Rani Andriani, Rani Rihab Stafian Nisa Riska Surya Ningrum Riskatul Walidaini Robi’atul Utami Aini Rohny Setiawan Maail Rosa, Tina Rudi Hartono Ryan Nata Wirasasmita Safitri, Pradita Wuri Salim Hiziroglu Salman Rizqi Abdul Aziz Sasa Sofyan Munawar Sasa Sofyan Munawar Siti Nursaadah, Siti Sopyan, Alif Wahyu Subyakto Subyakto Subyakto Subyakto Subyakto Subyakto Subyakto Subyakto Subyakto Suci Mardhatillah Suci Mardhatillah Sudarmanto Sujati, Ananda Sukirno Sukirno Sukma S Kusumah Sukma S. Kusumah Sukma Surya Kusumah Sukma Surya Kusumah Sukma Surya Kusumah Sukma Surya Kusumah Sukma Surya Kusumah Sukma Surya Kusumah suratmi, tri Surdiding Ruhendi Surdiding RUHENDI Surdiding Ruhendi Sutiawan, Jajang Syamani, Firda Aulya Syamsiar, Syamsiar Triguna, M Ivan Umiyati Wida Banar Kusumaningrum Widyaningrum, Bernadeta Ayu Yunia Frida Adelka Yusuf Hadi Yusuf Hadi, Yusuf Yusuf Sudo Hadi Yusufa, Joni