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Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Mouthwash dan Antioksidan Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia): Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity Test of Lime Essential Oil (Citrus aurantifolia) Ramadhani, Melati Aprilliana; Anhuma Turaya, M.Ridho; Aminah, Maulidahul; Mardiyanti, Devi; Rissa Laila Vifta; Sulastri
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 8 No. 01 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v8i01.4178

Abstract

Antibacterial and antioxidant activities are two frequently studied pharmacological properties of medicinal plants. Lime is a plant that possesses both of these activities is. One potential secondary metabolite is essential oil, which is abundantly found in the peel. The purpose of this study was to analyze the activity of lime peel essential oil (MAKJN) mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans and the antioxidant activity of MAKJN. The research methods used were phytochemical screening of MAKJN using color and GCMS tests, antibacterial testing of the mouthwash using the paper disc method with MAKJN concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, and antioxidant testing using DPPH. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 with the LSD post-hoc test method. Phytochemical screening of MAKJN revealed flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins, while GCMS results indicated the most abundant compound was l-Limonene. The antibacterial test of MAKJN mouthwash at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% respectively had an average inhibition zone (mm) of 3.65; 3.97; and 5.82. SPSS analysis using the LSD test, namely the F3 inhibition zone had a p value <0.05 when compared with F1 and F2 which showed a significant difference. The antioxidant activity of MAKJN produced an IC50 value of 80.060 ppm. The conclusion of this study is that MAKJN mouthwash has potential as an antibacterial against Streptococcus mutans at a concentration of 3% with moderate potential, and MAKJN's antioxidant activity has strong potential.   ABSTRAK Antibakteri dan antioksidan adalah dua khasiat farmakologis pada tanaman obat yang sering diteliti. Jeruk nipis adalah tanaman yang memiliki kedua aktivitas tersebut. Salah satu metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi adalah minyak atsiri, yang banyak terkandung pada bagian kulitnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis aktivitas mouthwash minyak atsiri kulit jeruk nipis (MAKJN) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutan dan antioksidan MAKJN. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah skrining fitokimia MAKJN dengan uji warna dan GCMS, uji antibakteri pada mouthwash menggunakan metode kertas cakram dengan konsentrasi MAKJN 1%, 2%, 3%, dan uji antioksidan menggunakan DPPH. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 27 dengan metode uji post-hoc LSD. Skrining fitokimia pada MAKJN menunjukkan kandungan flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, dan saponin, sedangkan hasil GCMS menunjukkan senyawa terbanyak adalah l-Limonene. Uji antibakteri mouthwash MAKJN pada konsentrasi 1%, 2%, 3% berturut-turut memiliki zona hambat rata-rata (mm) 3,65; 3,97; dan 5,82. Analisis SPSS menggunakan uji LSD menunjukkan zona hambat F3 memiliki nilai p<0,05 jika dibandingkan dengan F1 dan F2 yang menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Aktivitas antioksidan MAKJN ditunjukkan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 80,060 ppm. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah mouthwash MAKJN memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutan pada konsentrasi 3% dengan potensi sedang, dan aktivitas antioksidan MAKJN memiliki potensi yang kuat.
Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Chlorochalcones: An Integrated Computational and Experimental Study Puspitasari, Anita Dwi; Ulfah, Maria; Hartati, Indah; Vifta, Rissa Laila; Hermawan, Faris; Ekasari, Munifilia; Marlina, Lala Adetia
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 5 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.106221

Abstract

Chlorochalcone derivatives (chalcones 1–3) were synthesized using ultrasound-assisted Claisen-Schmidt condensation, yielding > 80%. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through DPPH and ABTS assays, demonstrating strong activity with IC50 values ranging from 61.52 ± 0.97 to 98.27 ± 1.42 ppm. Chalcones 1 and 2 show SPF potential at 40 ppm and chalcone 3 at 20 ppm (SPF 19.47 ± 0.46). ADMET analysis using the pkCSM tool confirmed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and low toxicity, supporting their safety for potential applications. Additionally, density functional theory calculations provided more profound insights into molecular stability and reactivity, including electronic properties such as HOMO-LUMO gaps, further corroborating their pharmacological efficacy. These results collectively indicate that chalcones 1–3 exhibit potent antioxidant activity, adequate UV protection, and promising pharmacokinetic properties. Integrating in vitro, in silico, and DFT analyses underscores their potential as multifunctional compounds for antioxidant and sunscreen applications.
Nanoparticle from Medinilla speciosa with Various of Encapsulating Agent and Their Antioxidant Activities Using Ferric Reducing Assay Vifta, Rissa Laila; Luhurningtyas, Fania Putri
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 11, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev11iss1pp22-29

Abstract

Antioxidants are agents that can reduce free radicals. Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa) contains flavonoids that could act as an antioxidant. However, those flavonoids are water-soluble and show low bioavailability. Nanotechnology is a potential approach to improve the bioavailability of flavonoids from Parijoto fruit. This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of parijoto nanoparticles with variations of the chitosan, alginate, and chitosan/alginate encapsulants. Secondary metabolites of parijoto fruit were using the maceration method. The synthesis of parijoto nanoparticles was conducted using the ionic gelation method with chitosan, alginate, and chitosan/alginate encapsulation. Parijoto nanoparticle size and distribution were characterized using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The formation of nanoparticles in colloids was determined as a percent. The antioxidant activity of nanoparticle was evaluated using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Chitosan encapsulation produced nanoparticles with a size of 269.3 nm, pdI 0.372 and transmittance 99.379%. Alginate encapsulation produced a particle size of 366.4 nm, pdI 0.589 and transmittance 99.690%. The combination of chitosan/alginate encapsulants produced a particle size of 187.00 nm, pdI 0.239 and transmittance 99.894%. Parijoto nanoparticles obtained from chitosan, alginate, and chitosan/alginate encapsulant showed strong antioxidant powers indicated by IC50 values 2.442±0.047 ppm, 3.175±0.169 ppm and 2.115±0.045 ppm, respectively. Altogether, our study shows that parijoto nanoparticles are potent as antioxidant agents.Keywords: Alginate, antioxidant, chitosan, FRAP, Medinilla speciosa, nanoparticle
KARAKTERISTIK, AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, DAN FORMULASI EMULGEL EKSTRAK JAHE EMPRIT (Zingiber officinale var Amarum) Suyudi, Salsabiela Dwiyudrisa; Vifta, Rissa Laila; Trisnaningsih, Hanifah
Usadha Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/ujp.v3i3.362

Abstract

Jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var Amarum) memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik. Penangkalan radikal bebas oleh senyawa fenolik dapat membantu kulit dalam melindungi tubuh. Emulgel merupakan basis dengan karakteristik bentuk yang stabil dan menyenangkan untuk digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dan formulasi emulgel ekstrak jahe emprit. Metode penelitian yaitu karakteristik simplisia dan ekstrak etanol jahe emprit, uji aktivitas antioksidan metode 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), formulasi, karakteristik, dan stabilitas emulgel. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak berwarna hijau kehitaman, terdapat senyawa fenol, flavonoid, tanin, dan alkaloid. Kadar air simplisia 9,51%, kadar abu simplisia 2,8%, kadar sari larut air simplisia dan ekstrak 9% dan 4%, kadar sari larut alkohol simplisia dan ekstrak 0,2% dan 10%. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak jahe emprit diperoleh IC50 dengan nilai 92,31±0,002 (µg/mL) dengan kategori kuat. Formulasi I, II, dan III berwarna coklat muda, kental, dan bau khas dengan nilai pH 4,84±0,44; 4,80±0,02; dan 4,70±0,03. Hasil uji daya sebar formula I, II, dan III berturut-turut adalah 2,87±0,01cm, 2,7±0,03 cm, dan 2,66±0,07 cm, daya lekat formula I, II, dan III adalah 2,0±0,10 detik, 2,4±0,25 detik, dan 2,6±0,15 detik. Viskositas formula I, II, dan III yaitu 2.640±0,02cPs, 3.132±0,01cPs, dan 3.216±0,005cPs. Sediaan emulgel menunjukkan tidak mengalami perubahan selama 30 hari dibuktikan dengan nilai P > 0,05 dengan metode uji paired sampel t-test dan Wilcoxon.
Fractionation of metabolite compound from Medinilla speciosa and their antioxidant activities using ABTS.+ radical cation assay Vifta, Rissa Laila; Luhurningtyas, Fania Putri
Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2019): May-October
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/asset.v1i1.4878

Abstract

Phenolic compounds are one of the main parts in secondary metabolites. Parijoto fruit is a family of Melastomataceae which contains flavonoids as phenolic compounds which are known to have antioxidant potential. Flavonoids have an-OH groups that play an active role as free radical scavengers. The study was conducted as initial screening in testing the antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions of the Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa). The study began with the phytochemical screening process using the Thin Layer Chromatography method to ensure the presence of flavonoid content in extracts and fractions of parijoto fruit, then proceed with the measurement of antioxidant power. Testing the antioxidant activity using the ABTS method (2,2 azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin) -6-sulfonic acid) which is specific, simple and easy to apply. Parijoto fruit extracts and fractions were made in a series of concentrations, measured antioxidant activity, and each IC50 value was determined. Phytochemical screening test results showed the presence of flavonoids in extracts and fractions of parijoto fruit. The results of measurements of antioxidant power in extracts and fractions of parijoto fruit gave IC50 values of 6,520 ppm in ethanol extracts with very strong antioxidant categories. The n-hexane fraction produced an IC50 value of 118,424 ppm with a moderate antioxidant category, while the IC50 value of ethyl acetate and ethanol fractions was 4,246 ppm and 3,874 ppm, respectively, with a very strong antioxidant category. The activity and value of IC50 produced by extracts and fractions of Parijoto fruits showed potential as a candidate of antioxidant.Keywords: ABTS, Antioxidant, Flavonoids, Medinilla speciosa, Phenolic
SKRINING ANTIOKSIDAN DAN AKTIFITAS ANTIDIABETES EKSTRAK TERPURIFIKASI ETIL ASETAT KOPI HIJAU ARABIKA (Coffea arabica L.) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis Rissa Laila Vifta; Mafitasari, Dwi; Rahman, Erik
Jurnal Zarah Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): October, 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/zarah.v8i2.1464

Abstract

Biji kopi hijau arabika (Coffea arabica L.) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin dan terpenoid. Kandungan flavonoid pada biji kopi hijau arabika diduga memiliki aktifitas sebagai antioksidan dan antidiabetes. Peningkatan aktifitas senyawa aktif dapat ditingkatkan melalui proses purifikasi. Purifikasi biji kopi hijau arabika dilakukan menggunakan pelarut etil asetat melalui pemisahan cair-cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktifitas antioksidan ekstrak terpurifikasi etil asetat biji kopi hijau arabika serta menganalisis aktivitas penurunan glukosa secara in vitro. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan menggunakan metode ABTS (2,2 azinobis (3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-asam sulfonat), sedangkan pengujian antidiabetes menggunakan metode Nelson Somogyi dengan pembacaan absorbansi menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil identifikasi kualitatif menunjukkan adanya senyawa aktif flavonoid pada ekstrak biji kopi hijau arabika (EBKHA) terpurifikasi etil asetat. Kadar flavonoid total pada EBKHA terpurifikasi etil asetat sebesar 49,47 mg QE/g. Aktifitas antioksidan pada EBKHA terpurifikasi etil asetat diperoleh nilai IC50 69,95 ppm dengan kategori kuat, sedangkan aktivitas penurunan kadar glukosa secara optimal pada konsentrasi 60 ppm dengan penurunan kadar glukosa sebesar 67,50%. Kandungan flavonoid pada EBKHA terpurifikasi etil asetat memiliki kemampuan antioksidan kuat serta berpotensi sebagai kandidat antidiabetes.
Co-Authors Advistasari, Yustisia Dian Advistasari, Yustisia Dian Agitya Resti Erwiyani Alif Maulidya Aminah, Maulidahul Andi Pradana Anhuma Turaya, M.Ridho Anita Dwi Puspitasari Arif Santoso Avian Tri Wahyudi Choirul Huda Damar Adi Prasetyo Della Jauharotus Sa’adah Dewi Purnamasari Diah Nurlaila Dyah Kartika Wening Elvansi, M. Elvansi Faris Hermawan, Faris Fitria Mentari Fuzianingsih, Eka Noviya Hadi Nasbey Hakim, Abdillah Lukman Hanifah Trisnaningsih Hati, Anita Kumala Indah Hartati Indah Mahendra Wardani Indah Mahendra Wardani Istianatus Sunnah Jatmiko Susilo Komang Ana Pratiwi Lailatul Badriyah Lestari, Puji Luhurningtyas, Fania Putri M. Elvansi Elvansi Mafitasari, Dwi Mahardika Adhi Candra Mardiyanti, Devi Maria Ulfah Marini, Yeni Marlina, Lala Adetia Melati Aprilliana Ramadhani Melati Aprilliana Ramadhani, Melati Aprilliana Muhammad Alviyan Shutiawan Muhammad Andri Wansyah Munifilia Ekasari Nadia Miftahul Jannah Nani Winarti Ni Putu Yunika Candra Riskiana Ni Putu Yunika Candra Riskiana Nova Hasani Furdiyanti Nur Syarohmawati Nurul Chanifah Paonganan, Afner Otniel Pera Amelia Prasetyo, Damar Adi Puji Astutik Puji Astutik Pujiastuti, Anasthasia Putri Naja Fadhilah Rahman, Erik Reni Citra Agustina Richa Yuswantina Rilla Noor Farida Salsabiela Dwiyudrisa Suyudi Santoso, Wingit Saputra, Yoga Sikni Retno Karminingtyas Siti Khusnul Khotimah Siti Khusnul Khotimah, Siti Khusnul Sri Mustika Ayu SULASTRI Sulastri Sulastri Supiani Rahayu Suyudi, Salsabiela Dwiyudrisa Tina Mawardika Tinasari, Niken Delvin Trisnaningsih, Hanifah Wahyudi, Avian Tri Wansyah, Muhammad Andri Winda Ayu Ningtyas Windi Susmayanti Wingit Santoso Yanti, Sahri Yurike Tatengkeng Yustisia Dian Advistasari