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Journal : Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering)

PENGARUH TOREFAKSI TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA PELET TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT Rani, Irma Tya; Hidayat, Wahyu; Febryanto, Indra Gumay; Iryani, Dewi Agustina; Haryanto, Agus; Hasanudin, Udin
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 9, No 2 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (580.403 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v9i2.%p

Abstract

Corrigendum to: PENGARUH TOREFAKSI TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA PELET TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT
Pengaruh Kadar Perekat Terhadap Karakteristik Briket Arang Limbah Kayu Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) Rahmi Adi Bazenet; Wahyu Hidayat; Siti Mutiara Ridjayanti; Melya Riniarti; Irwan Sukri Banuwa; Agus Haryanto; Udin Hasanudin
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 10, No 3 (2021): September
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v10i3.283-295

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the effects of adhesive content on rubber wood charcoal briquette characteristics. Wood charcoal was produced using a double-drum retort kiln at > 500°C.  Wood charcoals were crushed into powder and then mixed with tapioca adhesive of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The charcoal-adhesive mix was then pressed using a hydraulic press machine. For comparison, rubber wood biomass briquettes were also produced using wood particle-adhesive mix with similar adhesive content.  Biomass and charcoal briquettes characteristics as physical properties (density and water absorption), chemical properties (ultimate analysis, and FTIR analysis) and energy properties (calorific value) were evaluated.  The results showed that density ranged between 0.52-0.56 g/cm3, water absorption of 6.54-7.47%, C content of 82.67-84.41%, H content of 3.28-3.60%, N content of 0.67%-0.74%, and calorific value of 30.76-32.86 MJ/kg.  The results of FTIR analysis showed changes in the spectrum of the wave band on the functional groups OH, CH, C≡H, C=C, and C=O, indicating the decomposition of the chemical components of rubber wood due to pyrolysis.  The results prove that increasing the adhesive content can reduce the quality of briquettes.  Based on physical, chemical, and energy properties, charcoal briquettes with 5% adhesive showed better characteristics than briquettes with 10% and 15% adhesive content, showing water absorption of 6.54%, C content of 84.41%, H content of 3.28%, and heating value of 32.86 MJ/kg. Keywords:  adhesive content, charcoal briquette, pyrolysis, rubber wood waste, tapioca starch
Pengaruh Torefaksi terhadap Sifat Kimia Pelet Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Irma Thya Rani; Wahyu Hidayat; Indra Gumay Febryano; Dewi Agustina Iryani; Agus Haryanto; Udin Hasanudin
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 9, No 1 (2020): Maret 2020
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (196.427 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v9i1.63-70

Abstract

ABSTRACT  Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) is one of the agricultural biomass. Palm oil solid waste that is relatively easy to find is empty fruit bunches (EFB). EFB biomass is converted into pellets to get a uniform size, then heated through torrefaction into bioenergy so that its utilization is more optimal and can increase economic value. Torrefaction is slow heating of biomass with a temperature range of 200oC-300oC with a state of little oxygen or without oxygen. Torrefaction was carried out using an electric furnace with a target temperature of 280oC and a duration of 20 minutes. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of torrefaction on the chemical properties of EFB pellets. The results of this study are hemicellulose and cellulose decreased by 0,58% - 0,77%, this happens because hemicellulose and cellulose are degraded with increasing temperature and time of torrefaction. This is confirmed by changes in the line spectrum for FT-IR analysis where C-O, C=C, C-H, and O-H experience changes in the line spectrum that indicate changes in chemical composition. while lignin increased after torrefaction by 2,71%. Water content in EFB pellets decreased by 0,65%, while EFB pellets without treatment (control) by 14,95% after torrefaction became 22,70%. The volatile content of EFB control pellets was 69,55% after torrefaction to 61,21% so that the fixed carbon content of EFB control pellets was 10,03% and EFB pellets after torrefaction became 14,23%. The heat value of EFB pellets before torrefaction is 15,82 MJ/kg, and after torrefaction, the heating value increases to 18,28 MJ/kg so that it reaches the standard requirements of SNI 8675: 2018 as biomass pellets. Torrefaction pellets from EFB can provide a large increase in the quality of the bioenergy chemical properties. Biomass torrefaction is very suitable for combustion in power plants and home industries. Keywords:Chemical composition, FTIR,oil palm empty fruit bunches, torrefaction ABSTRAK Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis) merupakan salah satu biomassa hasil pertanian. Limbah padat perkebunan sawit yang relatif mudah dijumpai ialah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). Biomassa TKKS dikonversikan menjadi pelet untuk mendapatkan ukuran yang seragam, kemudian ditorefaksi untuk digunakan sebagai bioenergi sehingga pemanfaatannya lebih optimal dan dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi. Torefaksi merupakan pemanasan biomassa secara perlahan dengan kisaran suhu 200oC – 300oC dengan keadaan sedikit oksigen bahkan tanpa oksigen. Torefaksi dilakukan menggunakan electric furnace dengan target suhu 280oC dan durasi selama 20 menit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh torefaksi terhadap sifat kimia pelet TKKS. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah kadar hemiselulosa dan selulosa menurun sebesar 0,58% - 0,77% hal tersebut terjadi karena hemiselulosa dan selulosa terdegradasi seiring dengan peningkatan suhu dan waktu torefaksi. Hal tersebut diperkuat dengan perubahan gugus fungsi terhadap analisis FT-IR dimana gugus C-O, C=C, C-H, dan O-H mengalami perubahan spektrum garis pita yang menandakan adanya perubahan komposisi kimia. Sedangkan kadar lignin meningkat setelah torefaksi sebesar 2,71%. Kadar air pada pelet TKKS menurun sebesar 0,65 %, sedangkan abu pelet TKKS tanpa perlakuan (kontrol) sebesar 14,95% setelah tertorefaksi menjadi 22,70. Zat terbang pelet TKKS kontrol sebesar 69,55% setelah tertorefaksi menjadi 61,21% sehingga diperoleh nilai karbon terikat pelet TKKS kontrol sebesar 10,03% dan pelet TKKS yang tertorefaksi sebesar 14,23%. Nilai kalor pelet TKKS sebelum torefaksi sebesar 15,82 MJ/kg, dan setelah torefaksi nilai kalor meningkat menjadi 18,28 MJ/kg sehingga memenuhi SNI 8675:2018 pelet biomassa. Pelet TKKS yang tertorefaksi dapat memberikan peningkatan besar dalam kualitas sifat kimia bioenergi. Biomassa yang tortorefaksi sangat cocok untuk pembakaran di pembangkit listrik dan industri.  Kata Kunci:  FTIR,komposisi kimia,tandan kosong kelapa sawit, torefaksi
Effects of Torrefaction Temperature on the Characteristics of Betung (Dendrocalamus asper) Bamboo Pellets Bagus Saputra; Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan; Intan Fajar Suri; Indra Gumay Febryano; Dian Iswandaru; Wahyu Hidayat
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 11, No 2 (2022): June
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v11i2.339-353

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of torrefaction temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) pellets. Torrefaction was conducted in an electric furnace at 200°C, 240°C, and 280°C for 50 minutes. The physical properties evaluated included color change, density, moisture content, water resistance, and water adsorption. The mechanical properties were also investigated by compressive strength test. The result showed that torrefaction affected the color properties of betung bamboo pellets with ∆E values of more than 12 or totally changed. The density and moisture content of torrefaction bamboo betung pellets decreased with increasing torrefaction temperature. The results also showed that the hydrophobic properties of the bamboo betung pellets improved with the increased of torrefaction temperature. The highest compressive strength value was obtained by bamboo betung pellets torrefied at 200°C and the values decreased with the increase of temperature. In conclusion, there were differences in the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo betung pellets that were torrefied at different temperatures. Torrefaction with an electric furnace effectively improved the quality of betung bamboo pellets. Keywords:   Bamboo betung, pellets, temperature, torrefaction
Effects of Temperature during Oil Heat Treatment on the Quality Improvement of Mindi (Melia azedarach) and Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) Woods Shalehudin Denny Ma’ruf; Samsul Bakri; Indra Gumay Febryano; Agus Setiawan; Agus Haryanto; Intan Fajar Suri; Wahyu Hidayat
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 12, No 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i1.255-267

Abstract

Fast growing wood has high potential in increasing numbers but has a low quality so that it requires modification to improve wood quality. Oil heat treatment (OHT) is one of a wood modification method using vegetable oil as a heat conducting medim. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of temperature OHT on color change (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE), physical properties (density, moisture content, water absorption, and weight changes), and the compressive strength of mindi (Melia adezarach) and sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria). OHT was conducted using 2 hours duration on temperature 180C, 200C, 220C, and 240C. The results showed that the effect of temperature on wood color inflicted an increase in the values of ΔL*, Δa*,Δb*, and ΔE on higher temperature of OHT. The effect of temperature on the physical properties of wood results in an increase on density at certain temperature and wood species as well as decreasing moisture content, water absorption, and weight changes of wood on higher temperature of OHT. The effect of temperature on mechanical properties of wood results in increasing compressive strength at certain temperatures and types of wood, but there is decrease compressive strength in the higher temperature of OHT.Keywords:   Color change, oil hot treatment, mechanical properties, physical properties
Production and Characterization of Andong Bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steudel) Widjaja) Pellets from Various Stem Parts Wahyu Hidayat; Jacky Michael Pah; Lisman Suryanegara; Udin Hasanudin; Agus Haryanto; Christine Wulandari
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 11, No 4 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v11i4.713-723

Abstract

Bamboo is an abundant biomaterial having important potential as a resource for bioenergy development. In this study, the potential of andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steudel) Widjaja) bamboo for pellet production was evaluated. Some properties of bamboo pellets as density, moisture content, moisture adsorption, compressive strength, and heating value were analysed. The results indicated that bamboo is highly prospective to be explored for fuel pellets commercially. All characteristics of pellet made of bamboo fulfilled the requisites of the commercial pellets. The heating value of the pellets achieved the minimum standard for commercial pellets along with SNI 8675:2018 (>17,5 MJ/kg). The effects of culm parts on the moisture content, density, moisture adsorption were not significant. There were significant differences in compressive strength and heating value between bamboo pellets produced from different culm parts. This research showed potential of andong bamboo pellet for bioenergy resource. Keywords:   Andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea), Biopellet, Mechanical Properties, Physical Properties
PERUBAHAN SIFAT FISIS PELET TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT HASIL TOREFAKSI tri yulianto; Indra Gumay Febryano; Dewi Agustina Iryani; Agus Haryanto; Udin Hasanudin; Wahyu Hidayat
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 9, No 2 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v9i2.104-111

Abstract

 Penggunaan sumber energi dari fosil secara terus menerus mengakibatkan pasokan minyak bumi menjadi terbatas, sehingga dibutuhkan inovasi energi terbarukan. Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan salah satu limbah padat dari industri minyak sawit yang potensial untuk digunakan sebagai energi terbarukan karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah dan harga bahan baku yang relatif murah. Sifat-sifat TKKS dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan metode torefaksi. Torefaksi adalah perlakuan termokimia pada kisaran  suhu 200-300°C dengan kondisi inert (oksigen terbatas).  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan sifat fisis pelet TKKS melalui torefaksi dengan menggunakan electric furnace (EF). Torefaksi pelet TKKS pada penelitian ini menggunakan suhu 280°C dengan durasi 20 menit.  Pengujian pelet TKKS meliputi perubahan warna, kerapatan, kadar air, dan ketahanan terhadap perendaman air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna pelet tandan kosong kelapa sawit berubah total setelah torefaksi dengan nilai perubahan warna (ΔE*) sebesar 14,97. Kerapatan awal pelet sebesar 0,58% g/cm3 menurun dan setelah torefaksi menjadi 0,48 g/cm3. Kadar air awal pelet tandan kosong kelapa sawit sebesar 11,54% menurun setelah torefaksi menjadi 6,66%. Uji ketahanan terhadap air menunjukkan bahwa pelet yang ditorefaksi lebih tahan terhadap air dibandingkan pelet yang belum ditorefaksi, sehingga akan sangat menguntungkan ketika pelet disimpan dalam waktu yang lama dan pada kondisi lembab. Kata kunci: sifat fisis, tandan kosong kelapa sawit, torefaksi, warna.
Environmentally Friendly Paving Block Based on Wood Waste: The Effect of Rubber Wood Waste Content on the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Paving Block Fauzi, Daffa Naufalian; Saputra, Bagus; Riniarti, Melya; Duryat, Duryat; Suri, Intan Fajar; Hidayat, Wahyu
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 13, No 4 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v13i4.997-1005

Abstract

The wood sawing industry generates significant waste, consisting of wood chips, wood scraps, and sawdust. This research aims to evaluate the effect of rubber wood sawdust addition on the moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength of paving blocks. The study was conducted in August–September 2023, starting with preparing raw materials, composition planning, and test specimen fabrication. The parameters in this study included density testing, moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength. The density test results for treatments P0 were 1.11 g/cm3, P1 1.09 g/cm3, P2 1.07 g/cm3, P3 1.08 g/cm3, and P4 1.09 g/cm3. The moisture content test yielded values of 11.38% for P0, 12.56% for P1, 12.94% for P2, 13.24% for P3, and 13.80% for P4. The water absorption capacity values obtained were, for P0, 5.17%; P1, 5.40%; P2, 6.36%; P3, 8.11%; and P4, 9.27%. Compressive strength tests produced values for P0 at 7.19 N/mm2, P1 at 5.67 N/mm2, P2 at 4.22 N/mm2, P3 at 3.48 N/mm2, and P4 at 3.07 N/mm2. The addition of rubber wood sawdust to paving blocks significantly influences density, moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength values. Keywords: Composition, Compressive strength, Paving block, Sawdust waste.
Co-Authors Abdullah Aman Damai Abimanyu, Bondan Adesna Fatrawana Adesna Fatrawana Afif Bintoro Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Setiawan Agus Setiawan Ainin Niswati Ainin Niswati Ainin Niswati Al Qorny, Faiz Alim Fadila Rahman Anis Ambarwati Anne Carolina Apri H Iswanto Apriyanita Pitri Ningrum Apriyanita Pitri Ningrum Arief Darmawan Awandi, Hafizh Bagus Saputra Bagus Saputra Bagus Saputra Bagus Saputra Bainah Sari Dewi Bangun Adi Wijaya Bangun Adi Wijaya Bondan Abimanyu Byantara Darsan Purusatama Byung Bae Park Ceng Asmarahman Ching K Man Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Damai, Abdulah Aman Dani, Hafiz Ansori Deded Sarip Nawawi Denni Prasetia Destia Novasari Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani, Dewi Agustina Dian Iswandaru Dian Iswandaru Donghyuk Chun Doni Hapsoro Dungani, Rudi Duryat Duryat Duryat Duryat Duryat Duryat, Duryat Elvara D Satria Eti Artiningsih Octaviani Eva Yunita Eva Yunita Fahriya Puspita Sari Faizatul FALAH Fajri, Ahmad Khairil Falah Rizkasumarta Fauzan Aulia Fauzi Febrianto Fauzi, Daffa Naufalian Febryanto, Indra Gumay Fitriana, Yulia Rahma Go Un Yang Gunawan, Rhezandy Gusri Akhyar Ibrahim Hadida, Ratu Husaina Hadiyane, Anne Handian Purwawangsa Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Harianto, Sugeng P. Hendra Prasetia Hendra Prasetia Hendra Prasetia Hokyung Choi Hyuk Im Indra G Febryano Indra Gumay Febryano Indra Gumay Febryano Intan F Suri Intan Fajar Suri Irma Thya Rani Irma Thya Rani Irma Thya Rani Irma Thya Rani Irwan Sukri Banuwa Ismayati, Maya Iswandaru, Dian Jacky Michael Pah Jiho Yoo Jiho Yoo Jiho Yoo Jiho Yoo Jong Ho Kim Kadek Wikan Nandini Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan Karliati, Tati Kaskoyo, Hari Kuswanta Futas Hidayat Kuswanta Futas Hidayat Laksana, Raden Permana Budi Lia Mulyana Lina Nur Aminah Lina Nur Aminah Lisman Suryanegara Lubis, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Mareli Talaumbanua Marwanto Marwanto Marwanto Maulana, Sena Maulana, Sena Melya Riniarti Melya Riniarti Mhd Muhajir Hasibuan Mia Putri Utami Mia Putri Utami Mohamad I Sya'bani Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Aldo Kurniansyah Muhammad Alfaridzi Muhammad Iqbal Adi Baskara Muhammad Iqbal Maulana Naili Rahmah Nam Hun Kim Nam Hun Kim Nindya Triya Puspita Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat Nugraha, Muhammad Dimaz Nurpine Nadeak Nurpine Nadeak Oktarine Melly Aminah Harum Park, Byung Bae Park, Byung Dae Permana, Anom Tahta Prasetyo, Pangestu Putri, Mangifera Indica Dhaifullah Wangun Rafical Cahaya Utama Rahmat Safe’i Rahmat Safe’i Rahmi Adi Bazenet Rahmi Adi Bazenet Rahmi Adi Bazenet Rani, Irma Tya Rara Diantari Rasyidah Amany Rini Nurindarwati Rio Ardiansyah Murda Rita K Sari Rita Kartika Sari Rodiani Rodiani Rodiani Rommy Qurniati Rubiyanti, Tri Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rynaldo Davinsy Safe’i, Rahmat Salsabila, Sahda Samsul Bakri Samsul Bakri Sandi Asmara Sanena, Tia Silvia Sangdo Kim Sangdo Kim Sangdo Kim Sangdo Kim Saputra, Bagus sari, nurika arum See P Hwee Seldi Prayoga Seung Hwan Lee Shalehudin Denny Ma’ruf Sihyun Lee Sihyun Lee Sihyun Lee Sihyun Lee Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang Mangurai Siti Aisyah Siti Mutiara Ridjayanti Siti Mutiara Ridjayanti Slamet Budi Yuwono Slamet Budi Yuwono Sofiyan, Ade Soleh Muhamad Soleh Muhamad Soohyun Kim Sri Hidayati Sumaryo Gito Saputro Suri, Intan Fajar Susni Herwanti Susni Herwanti Tengku Muhammad Renzy Hariz Tri Putri Siadari Tri Putri Siadari Tri Yulianto Tri Yulianto Tri Yulianto Tsani, Machya Kartika Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Wahyu Abdul Rahman Widya FATRIASARI Wijaya, Bangun Adi Winarno, Gunardi Djoko Winarno, Gunardi Djoko Wisnu Satyajaya Wulandari, Christin Yadav, Sumit Manohar Yazid Bindar Yogi Sulistio Yoo, Jiho Yunita, Repha Sera Yusuf Sudo Hadi Zaini, Lukmanul Hakim