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Pengaruh Pengelasan SMAW dengan Variasi Elektroda E6013 dan E7016 terhadap Kekuatan Tarik dan Kekerasan pada Baja SS400 Rosadi, Muhammad Arief; Suprihanto, Agus; Wahyudianto, FX. Arif; Hariyanto, Agus; Muis, Abdul
Simetris: Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL SIMETRIS VOLUME 17 NO 1 TAHUN 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muria Kudus

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Abstract

In today's era of globalization, the manufacturing industry is a key pillar of the global economy. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is a popular choice due to its relatively low cost. In this research, the material used was carbon SS 400 KS (Krakatau Steel). It was welded with E6013 and E7016 electrodes with a diameter of 3.2 millimeters. The material dimensions were 300 millimeters long, 100 millimeters wide, and 8 millimeters thick, consisting of four pairs (8 sheets). Tests used included tensile testing and hardness testing (Vickers procedure). The highest tensile strength using E6013+E6013 electrodes has an average of 364.37 MPa, the highest yield strength using E7016+E7016 electrodes has an average of 464.14 MPa and the highest hardness test using E7016+E6013 electrodes has an average value in the Welding Metal area of ​​206.90 kgf/mm², while the HAZ area is 172.78 kgf/mm², and the Base Metal area is 161.92 kgf/mm². Based on the results of research conducted on the mechanical properties of SMAW welding joints with variations of E 6013 and E 7016 electrodes, it can be concluded that both types of electrodes have different characteristics in producing weld quality.
Optimisation of Preheating Temperature for Mechanical Performance of SMAW Welded ASTM A36 Steel Sumarji, Sumarji; Hariyanto, Agus; Wahyudianto, FX. Arif; Suprihanto, Agus
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): Volume 21, Nomor 1, April 2026
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department - Semarang State Polytechnic

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32497/jrm.v21i1.7356

Abstract

The Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process applied to ASTM A36 structural steel generates thermal cycles that influence the mechanical behaviour of welded joints. This study investigates the effect of preheating temperature on tensile properties and hardness distribution of SMAW-welded ASTM A36 steel plates with a thickness of 10 mm. Preheating temperatures of none, 150 °C, 250 °C, and 350 °C were applied prior to welding in the 1G position using AWS A5.1 E7016 and E7018 electrodes. Tensile testing was conducted according to ASTM E8, while Vickers hardness measurements were performed across the base metal (BM), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and weld metal (WM). The results show a consistent hardness distribution of WM > HAZ > BM for all preheating conditions, with average hardness values ranging from 190–210 HV in the WM, 179–186 HV in the HAZ, and 164–173 HV in the BM. The yield strength increased from 301.69 MPa (without preheating) to 315.68 MPa at 250 °C, followed by a decrease to 298.70 MPa at 350 °C, which is associated with microstructural softening. In contrast, the ultimate tensile strength remained relatively stable within the range of 443–446 MPa. Based on these results, preheating at 250 °C tends to provide a more homogeneous hardness distribution and higher yield strength, suggesting a more favourable thermal condition for improving the mechanical performance of SMAW-welded ASTM A36 steel. .
Co-Authors ., Wajilan ABDILLAH, ALDIEN Abdul Muis Achmad Widodo Aditia, Vemas Afandi, Muhammad Nur Affandi, M. Nur Agus Dwi Anggono Agus Suprihanto Ahmad Munawar Alkatiri, Thoriq Munir Alviana, Silva Icha Andelina, mis Widya Andreanto, Mochamat Rizal Angelia Sebayang, Fransisca Anung Priambodo Apriandana, Ryzky AULYA SETYAJI, RAHARDIAN Azriddin, Adlina Dayana Binti Bana, Panji Bayu Budi Prakoso Bekti Maryuni Susanto Bety Etikasari, Bety Cahyadi, Eka Chumaidah, Fina Luluk Darmiyati Zuchdi DEDDI K, RAHMAD Dian Rokhmawati Duwi Basuki Dwi Cahyani Dwi Cahyo Kartiko Dzulkifli, Muhammad EDWIN AGUS BUNIARTO Edy Mintarto, Edy Eliyatiningsih, Eliyatiningsih Elly Antika, Elly Eriana, Shinta Ayu Fadhilah, Hery Ihsan FAJAR RAMADHANI, RIZKY Fatirul, Ach. Noor Fawaz, Fadh Fifukha Dwi Khory FITHRONI, HIJRIN Fitriana, Novi FRIENSA SIMANJUNTAK, VINICIUS Gigih Siantoro Govenda, Roky Dian Grace M. Kapantow Gumilang, Mukhamad Angga Gurohman, Diki Taufik Harwanto Harwanto Hendra Yufit Riskiawan Imam Marsudi Indra Yulianti IRMA FEBRIYANTI Jr, Procopio B. Dafun Juan P. E. Febriansyah, Juan P. E. Jullev Atmadji, Ery Setiyawan Kalangi, Cherry G khusnul khotimah Kolektus Oky Ristanto Kumaat, Noortje Anita Kunjung Ashadi Lilik Ma’rifatul Azizah, Lilik Lucky Abrorry Ma?rifatul Azizah, Lilik MAHDI ARIFIN, NAUVAL Mawarni, Imelda Zaskia Mendy Hatibie Mifta Kristhanty, Mifta Muhammad Imaduddin Mukhlisoh, Nanik Anita Murfiah Dewi Wulandari Mustar, Yetty Septiani Nasution, Ali Napiah Naury, Chairullah Nissa, Febby Alfu Khoirun Nufi Saidatus Tsaniyah Nugroho Setyo Wibowo NURHADI Perdanasari, Lukie Prakosa, Muhammad Wahyu Bagus Pramono, Bayu Agung Pramuko Ilmu Purboputro Prasetyawan, Tommy PRASETYO, HANDIK Pujiyono, ' Purwadi, Agus Purwadi PUTRI SETIADI, DEAZ Rabbani, Muhammad Azizi Rachman, Muhammad Yusuf Ragil, Ragil Ar Rasyid Raharja, Enriko Danu Rani Purbaningtyas, Rani Ratih Ayuninghemi, Ratih Riau, Dwi Putranto Rini Ismalasari Rizky, Muhammad Yanuar Rizqi Ramadani, Muhammad Rosadi, Muhammad Arief Rufii, Rufii Rusdiawan, Afif Safitri, Anin Dita Samuel Petros Sebhatu, Samuel Petros Santosa, Eka Budhi Satria, Arya Dwi SEPTANTI PUTRI, LINDA Siti Saroh Sri Hastutik Sugit, Bibit Sumarji SURYO N, BAHARUDDIN Susanto, Indra Himawan Suwarto Suwarto Vega Candra Dinata WAHYU AGA SEPUTRA, TRI Wahyudianto, FX. Arif Wajilan, Wajilan Wicaksono, Ajab Widianta, Moh. Munih Dian YONNY HERDYANTO Zulfia Rahmawati