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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Jurnal Biologi Udayana Bumi Lestari SIMBIOSIS BIOMA : Jurnal Biologi Makassar Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Indonesian Biodiversity Journal
Retno Kawuri
Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Veterinary

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Journal : METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences

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ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI Streptomyces spp. PENGHASIL ENZIM KITINASE DARI LUMPUR SELOKAN Putu Ayu Parwati; Retno Kawuri; Ni Luh Watiniasih
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2018.v05.i01.p15

Abstract

Streptomyces merupakan bakteri dari kelompok Actinomycetes. Genus ini diketahui dapat memproduksi berbagai senyawa aktif diantaranya antibiotik, antiviral, dan enzim. Enzim yang dapat ditemukan pada bakteri dan jamur yaitu salah satunya enzim kitinase. Enzim kitinase yang diproduksi oleh bakteri lebih baik dibandingkan kitinase dari sumber lain karena dengan waktu yang relatif singkat dapat melakukan proses perkembangbiakan. Bakteri kitinolitik merupakan agen pengendalian hayati terhadap jamur patogen maupun serangga hama yang sangat potensial karena aktivitas kitinase yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, mengetahui karakteristik Streptomyces spp. dari lumpur selokan dan uji aktivitas enzim kitinase. Aktivitas enzim kitinase diketahui melalui zona bening yang terbentuk pada media uji. Hasil penelitian diperoleh lima spesies Streptomyces spp. dari sampel lumpur selokan yang diisolasi dengan karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa dari lima spesies Streptomyces spp., dua spesies yaitu Streptomyces sp.3 dan Streptomyces sp.5 mampu memproduksi enzim kitinase, sementara tiga spesies Streptomyces lainnya tidak memproduksi enzim kitinase. Streptomyces sp.3 memproduksi enzim kitinase dengan terbentuknya zona bening sebesar 1,85±0,07 cm dan pada Streptomyces sp.5 terbentuk zona bening sebesar 0,65 ±0,14 cm . Berdasarkan data tersebut Streptomyces sp.3 dan Streptomyces sp.5 memiliki potensi sebagai bakteri kitinolitik yang memiliki manfaat sebagai agen pengendalian hayati.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI Streptomyces sp. PADA RHIZOSFER TANAMAN PISANG (Musa paradiasica) DI DESA PENDEM JEMBRANA BALI Retno Kawuri
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 3 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2016.v03.i02.p11

Abstract

Pendem village in Jembrana regency is one of the banana plantation in Bali. Now a days banana plants were attack  by  bacterial wilt disease   with the symptoms of wilting plants, brown spots on the vessel banana stems and fruit to rot and dry. Control of use of chemical fertilizers can cause bad impact on environment and also can not control the disease. Streptomyces bacteria are bacteria that are capable of producing enzymes and antibiotics that can be used as biocontrol agents of several diseases in plants. The purpose of this research is to isolate and identify the bacteria  Streptomyces  from  rhizosphere  of  banana  plants  without  symptoms  in  the  village Pendem Jembrana regency. The method of isolation of Streptomyces using Platting method, Streptomyces isolated from soil rhizosphere of banana plants without symptoms or health plant. Soil was taken by digging near rooting bananas plant about 15 cm from the ground and and the sample was growth on media Humic Vitamin Agar (HVA) and Yeast Extract Malt Agar (ISP4). Identification macros-copically and microscopically and biochemical test using determination key book guide to the Classification and Identification of the Actinomycetes and Their antibiotics of Lechevalier and Waksman (1973). Result showed it was found 9 Streptomyces isolate;  Streptomyces sp.1, Streptomyces sp. 2, Streptomyces sp.3, sp.4 Streptomyces, Streptomyces sp.5 sp.6, Streptomyces sp 7, Streptomyces sp.8 and Streptomyces sp.9. Nine isolates of Streptomyces sp. will be tested against the bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum ,the bacteria that causes bacterial wilt disease.
Eliminasi Escherichia coli O157:H7 Yang Diisolasi Dari Daging Sapi Di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Dan Pasar Tradisional Ni Wayan Purni wirathi; Retno Kawuri; Ida Bagus Darmayasa
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 7 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i02.p08

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the quality of beef in slaughterhouses and Traditional markets in Denpasar, Badung, and Klungkung, in terms of Escherichia coli and isolation E. coli O157:H7 which are suspected of contaminating beef. Experimental research was conducted in a laboratory with a heating test of E. coli O157: H7 to determine the heat resistance of E. coli O157: H7. Beef taken at Nyanggelan, Panjer market shows the highest value of E. coli which is 222.3 colonies/g, and the lowest value of E. coli is obtained in beef taken at Kaliunda abattoir which is 2.3 colonies/g. The identification results on 39 beef samples showed that all beef samples contained E. coli, 24 samples positive of E. coli O157, and 9 other samples showed positive E. coli O157:H7. The heating treatment at 60? still grows E. coli O157:H7 colonies in the Petri dish, but there has been a decrease in the number of initial colonies before the heating process. All locations were 100% contaminated with E. coli, 61.5% positive E. coli O157, and 25.6% positive E. coli O157:H7. Heating 65? for 15 seconds and 70? for 5 seconds can kill E. coli O157: H7 in beef. Keywords: E. coli O157: H7, beef, slaughterhouses, traditional markets, heating process.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT Streptomyces roseoflavus AL2 TERHADAP Xanthomonas sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI (HDB) PADA TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) Ni Luh Cipta Ayumi Nellawati; Retno Kawuri; Ni Luh Arpiwi
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 3 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2016.v03.i01.p01

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Streptomyces in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria causing bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in vitro and identify the most likely type of Streptomyces that inhibits the growth of pathogens in the HDB. Bacterium Xanthomonas sp. used in this study were isolated from sick rice plants in Ayunan Village, Badung, Bali while Streptomyces isolates were isolated from the rhizosphere of reed plants (AL2), lily (LL1 and LL2), Aloe Vera (AV) and Elephant Grass (RG) from 3 different locations, namely PT. Alove Gianyar, Bedugul Botanical Garden and Buruan Village, Gianyar. Test results of antagonist test using dual culture method at the PCA medium showed that Streptomyces sp. AL2 has the most percentage of inhibition compared with other Streptomyces sp. isolates against pathogenic bacteria., namely 17.8 mm. The results of identification using the book Guide to the Classification and Identification of the Actinomycetes and Their Antibiotics (Waksman and Lechevalier, 1973) showed that the Streptomyces sp. AL2 is Streptomyces roseoflavus. The results provide an early indication that the filtrate of Streptomyces AL2. has the potential to be developed as a biocontrol of biological bactericide.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PENYEBAB BUSUK LUNAK PADA UMBI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) VARIETAS LOKAL DI BALI Ni Wayan Desi Bintari; Retno Kawuri; Meitini Wahyuni Proborini
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 2 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Soft rot bacteria infection in carrot tuber (D. carota L.) causes severe economic losses. Soft rot disease can be caused by various bacteria belonging to Enterobacteriaceae. This study aimed to isolate and identify bacteria as causal agent of soft rot disease in local carrot variety in Bali. Samples were collected at Badung Tradisional Market, Denpasar, Bali. Isolation was carried out by serial dilution method (Platting Method). Eight bacteria (BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4, BL5, BL6, BL7 and BL8) were isolated from soft rot tuber. BL6 isolate showed positive result in Postulat Koch test that caused soft rot on carrot tuber. The result of identification by Microgen™ GnA+B-ID System and identification book Bergeys’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology Ninth Edition (Holt et al., 1994), BL6 was identified as Citrobacter.
Uji Kandungan Escherichia coli dan Total Bakteri pada Daging dan Organ Dalam Sapi di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Kota Denpasar dan Kabupaten Badung Putu Anjarina; Retno Kawuri; Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2018.v05.i02.p06

Abstract

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menguji kandungan E. coli dan cemaran total bakteri daging sapi bagian punggung, daging bagian paha, usus, hati, limfa dan paru di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) di Kota Denpasar dan kabupaten Badung, Bali. Hasil kandungan E. coli yang diperoleh dari Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Pesanggaran pada sampel paha sebesar 70 APM/100g dan RPH Mambal pada sampel usus sebesar 70 APM/100g. Sampel limfa dari kedua RPH memiliki nilai yang paling rendah yaitu 30 APM/100g. Nilai yang telah dijabarkan dapat dikatakan melebihi ambang batas yang diperbolehkan oleh BPOM (2009) yaitu batas maksimum cemaran E. coli 1 x 101 APM/100g. Hasil penelitian total bakteri yang diperoleh dari sampel yang diambil di RPH Pesanggaran pada sampel limfa menunujukkan hasil yang paling besar yaitu 14x104 CFU/g, sedangkan nilai yang terkecil berasal dari sampel usus yaitu 2x104 CFU/g. Hasil total bakteri yang berasal dari RPH Mambal nilai sampel yang terbesar dimiliki oleh sampel limfa sebesar 13x104 CFU/g, sedangkan nilai hasil terkecil dimiliki oleh sampel paha 1x104 CFU/g diperbolehkan BPOM (2009) yaitu 1x104 CFU/g. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan sampel daging paha, daging punggung, usus, hati, paru dan limfa memiliki nilai total cemaran E. coli dan cemaran bakteri yang melebihi batas standar yang diperbolehkan oleh BPOM Bali.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK LUNAK PADA BUAH STROBERI (Fragaria x ananassa) Made Mega Yuliasari; Retno Kawuri; Meitini Wahyuni Proborini
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 2 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Soft rot on strawberry fruit was found in strawberry (F. x ananassa) plantation in Candi Kuning, Bedugul, Bali. Soft rot on strawberry fruit can be caused by microorganism i.e. bacteria. Objectives of the research were to isolate pathogen causing soft rot on strawberry fruit with plating method and to identify bacteria causing soft rot by using Kit MicrogenTM GNA+B-ID System and Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology reference (Holt et al., 1994). Results showed there were five isolates of bacteria (IB-1, IB-2, IB-3, IB-4, and IB-5). Positive result of Postulat Koch showed that bacteria causing soft rot on strawberry is IB-1. Identification that was done by using Kit MicrogenTM GNA+B-ID System and Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology reference (Holt et al., 1994), showed that the isolate IB-1 is Weeksella
Aktivitas Antibakteri Fungi Endofit dari Rimpang Jahe Gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe) terhadap Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Ni Ketut Yuliana Sari; Retno Kawuri; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 7 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i02.p11

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate and test the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from elephant ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe) against MRSA. This research is an exploratory research which is continued with experimental. The research sample was obtained from three locations. The first sample was from Pancasari Village, Singaraja, Bali. The second sample was from Peguyanganan Village, Denpasar, Bali. The third sample is from Tebuana Village, Tampaksiring, Bali. This research was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University. Eight isolates of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated with each inhibitory zone against MRSA, Fusarium sp. 1 (21 mm), Fusarium sp. 2 (19 mm), Fusarium sp. 3 (20 mm), Fusarium sp. 4 (21 mm), Aspergillus sp. 1 (32 mm), Aspergillus sp. 2 (25 mm), Fungi S3F1 (13 mm) and Fusarium sp. 5 (25 mm). This shows that endophytic fungi can be used as an alternative producer of antibacterial compounds. Keywords: Antibacterial, Endophytic fungi, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) Sebagai Pengendali Bakteri Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 Penyebab Diare Putu Cindy Arista; Retno Kawuri; I.B. Gede Darmayasa
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 7 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i01.p16

Abstract

Eugenia uniflora L. is a medical plant that can be used as a medicine for diarrhea. Exploration of antibacterial compounds from natural material can resolve various diseases that do not give effects of resistance such as the use of antibiotics. Research purposes are to know the potential of dewandaru leaf extract as an agent bacteria control of Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 that causes diarrhea and to determine the active compounds contained in dewandaru leaf extract. The method used in this study was a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatments for the concentration of the dewandaru leaf extract of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% (b/v), positive control (amoxicillin), and negative control (ethanol). Determination of inhibition of dewandaru leaf extract againts B. cereus ATCC 11778 is characterized by the formation of the clear zone around paper discs using the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that dewandaru leaf extract at the highest concentration (5%) was able to produce inhibition zone diameter of 7.15 mm against B. cereus ATCC 11778. Phytochemical test results showed ethanol extract dewandaru leaf contain tannin, saponin, terpenoid, and flavonoid as active compounds. GCMS analysis of the active fraction of dewandaru leaf extract (Fraction II) produced ten antibacterial compounds. The conclusion of this study, ethanol extract of dewandaru leaf was able to inhibit the growth of B. cereus ATCC 11778 in vitro. Concentration dewandaru leaf extract 1% is a minimal concentration as an antibacterial againts B. cereus ATCC 11778. GCMS analysis of dewandaru leaf extract consists of 10 antibacterial compounds such as Dodecanoic acid, Tridecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, Octadecanoid acid, 8-Nitro-11-dodecanolide, Oxiraneoctanoic acid, Oxiraneoctanoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, and 1.2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid. Keyword: Antibacterial, Inhibition zone, Active Compounds.
KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PATOGEN Vibrio cholerae PADA BEBERAPA HASIL PERIKANAN YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA DENPASAR I Wayan Yogi Widyastana; Retno Kawuri; Anak Agung Gde Raka Dalem
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 2 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

The purpose of this research was to find out the existence of Vibrio cholerae, bacteria that may cause cholera disease, in some fishery products in Denpasar traditional market, Bali. This research used samples taken from three different fisheries products: tuna fishes (Euthynnus affinis), shrimps (Penaeus indicus), and shellfish (Anodonta sp.). They were taken from three traditional markets in Denpasar City: Ketapian, Kumbasari, and Pidada Markets. All samples were cultured on Alkaline Peptone Water (APW) media, continued by Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt Sucrose (TCBS), and then Biochemical Test and Serology Test undertaken. The results of this study showed that two (7.4%) samples taken from Ketapian Market were proved to be positive containing pathogenic bacteria of V. cholerae; they were the shrimps with UA2 code and the shellfish with KA2 code. Meanwhile, there were no V. cholerae contaminations proven to exist in two other kind of products in other two traditional markets.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Gde Raka Dalem Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi Andreas Putro Ragil Santoso ANINDA OKTAVIA RAHARINI Aryadi Millenia Saputra Bayu Putri Handayani Chandrika, Carmen Gisela Darmadi, A.A. Ketut Diah Kharismawati Djereng Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti Gusti Ngurah Alit Susanta Wirya Gusti Ngurah Wisnanda Putra H. Yuswanti I Gede Agus Pradana Putra I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratnawati I Ketut Ginantra I KETUT MUKSIN I Komang Adi Widyastama I Made Dira Swantara I Made Sara Wijana I Putu Gede Ardhana I WAYAN EKA DHARMAWAN I Wayan Yogi Widyastana I.G.A. Gunadi I.G.A.S. Wahyuni Ida Ayu Putri Darmawati Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa Ilham . Inna Narayani IRIANI SETYAWATI Ivani Dayanara Job Nico Subagio K.A. Yuliadhi K.B. Susrusa Khamdan Khalimi Khotima Dwi Cahya Luh Made Ary Somia Vagestini LUH Puru ESWARYANTI KUSUMA YUNI Made Mega Yuliasari Made Mira Pratiwi MADE PHARMAWATI Made Ria Defiani MADE SUSUN PARWANAYONI Meitini Proborini Wahyuni Muhammad Inas Riandi N.N.A. Mayadewi NI KADEK LOSIANI Ni Ketut Febri Antini Ni Ketut Yuliana Sari Ni LUH ARPIWI Ni Luh Cipta Ayumi Nellawati Ni Luh Suriani Ni Luh Watiniasih Ni Made Suartini Ni Made Widyasari Ni Nyoman Wirasiti Ni Putu Adriani Astiti Ni Putu Niti Rahayu Ni Wayan Desi Bintari Ni Wayan Purni wirathi Ni Wayan Sudatri NURI MANDAN SARI Putri Permata Putu Anjarina Putu Ayu Parwati Putu Ayu Sukmawati Putu Cindy Arista Revi Juniar Nutrihidayah Rindang Dwiyani Risha Masfufah Risky Vidika Apriyanthi Rochmalia Juniarti Putri Rochmalia Juniarti Putri SANG KETUT SUDIRGA SARMILA TASNIM Suta Arta TRISNA AGUNG PHABIOLA WIWIK SUSANAH RITA Y. Fitriani Yan Ramona