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Journal : HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

Uptake and Distribution of Aluminum in Root Apices of Two Rice Varieties under Aluminum Stress MIFTAHUDIN MIFTAHUDIN; NURLAELA NURLAELA; JULIARNI JULIARNI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 14 No. 3 (2007): September 2007
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (132.356 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.14.3.110

Abstract

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the major limiting factor of plant growth and production in acid soils. The target of Al toxicity is the root tip, which affects mainly on root growth inhibition. The aim of this research was to study the uptake and distribution of Al in root apices of two rice varieties IR64 (Al-sensitive) and Krowal (Al-tolerant), which were grown on nutrient solution containing 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 ppm of Al. The root growth was significantly inhibited in both rice varieties at as low as 15 ppm Al concentration. The adventive roots of both varieties showed stunted growth in respons to Al stress. There was no difference in root growth inhibition between both rice varieties as well as among Al concentrations. Al uptake on root apices was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Histochemical staining of roots using hematoxylin showed dark purple color on 1 mm region of Al-treated root apices. Rice var. IR 64 tended to take up more Al in root tip than Krowal did. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.176) in root Al content of both varieties in response to different concentration and period of Al treatments. Al distribution in root apices was found in the epidermal and subepidermal region in both rice varieties. Based on those results, rice var. Krowal that was previously grouped as Al-tolerant variety has similar root growth and physiological response to Al stress as compared to Al-sensitive variety IR64. Key words: aluminum, uptake, distribution, root, rice
Rye (Secale cereale L.) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Simple Sequence Repeat Variation within Secale spp. (Poaceae) TATIK CHIKMAWATI; . MIFTAHUDIN; J PERRY GUSTAFSON
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 20 No. 4 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (629.232 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.20.4.163-170

Abstract

Transferability of 25 rye and 20 wheat simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were examined across Secale spp. to elucidate their genetic relationships.  One hundred percent of rye and 75% of wheat SSR markers could be amplified in weedy and wild forms of Secale. However, only 84% of rye SSR markers were amplified in S. sylvestre indicating that this species had the furthest relation to the cultivated rye. The PCR products resulting from rye SSR tended to have similar size as the original size, while wheat SSRs tended to have a shorter size than that of the original size. Polymorphism in the allelic number and size was found in 68% of the rye and 40% of the wheat SSR markers.  Several alleles were unique for the annual and perennial rye taxa, which were counted for 22 and 15%, respectively.  Some SSR markers also produced specific alleles that could be used to identify certain taxa.  The genetic relationships within the genus Secale based on SSR markers were discussed.
Field Adaptation of Some Introduced Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Two Altitudes of Tropical Agro-Ecosystem Environment of Indonesia ADEEL ABDUL KARIM ALTUHAISH; . MIFTAHUDIN; . TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; SUDIRMAN YAHYA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 21 No. 1 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (684.618 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.21.1.31

Abstract

Heat stress is a major environmental factor limiting wheat productivity in tropical regions such as Indonesia. The objective of this  study was to investigate the adaptability of introduced wheat genotypes in tropical agro-ecosystems. Sixteen spring wheat genotypes were grown at two different altitudes i.e. low altitude (176 m asl) with an average temperature of 29.8 oC located at Leuwikopo Field Experimental Station, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Bogor and high altitude  (1100 m asl) with an average temperature  of 20.6 oC at Cipanas Field Experimental Station (Ornamental Crop Research Station), Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia from July to November 2012. Plant height, number of tillers, flag leaf area, leaf angle, days to flowering, spike number per plant, empty spikelet number, grain weight per plant and 100 grain weight were observed following the standard methods. Heat susceptibility index was calculated based on grain weight per plant. The results showed that cultivation at a low altitude, hotter environment remarkably affected wheat growth and yield, as reflected in overall reduction of plant height, reduced number of tillers and leaf area, and ultimately reduced yield and yield components for most genotypes compared to the same measures taken at high altitude in lower temperatures. Plant growth  before  heading was similar in both locations, but the days to flowering  was longer in high altitude  than that in low altitude. High temperature stress in low altitude reduced the spike number/plant, grain weight/plant, 100 grain weight and increase number of empty spikelet/spike. Based on our results for heat susceptibility index, six genotypes, namely Sbr, Ymh, Astreb/Cbrd, Astreb/Ningma, H-20 and Nias, were characterized as heat tolerant genotypes.
Increasing Hermaphrodite Flowers using Plant Growth Regulators in Andromonoecious Jatropha curcas . DASUMIATI; . MIFTAHUDIN; . TRIADIATI; ALEX HARTANA; DIBYO PRONOWO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 21 No. 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1272.747 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.21.3.111

Abstract

Jatropha curcas (JC) is a crop with potential for use in biodiesel. Production of biodiesel requires plant seed as raw material, so the viability of JC for use in biodiesel will dependent greatly on the plant’s production of flowers. Generally, this plant is monoecious, meaning it has both male and female flowers. However, very rarely JC plants may be andromonoecious. Andromonoecious specimens of JC produce hermaphrodite and male flowers in the same plant. The number of hermaphrodite flowers per inflorescence is generally low compared to the number of male flowers. The aim of this study was to increase the proportion of hermaphrodite flowers by using plant growth regulators (PGRs) in andromonoecious JC. Our experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 treatments, namely kinetin, GA3, and IAA with concentrations of 0 ppm as a control, 50 and 100 ppm of each PGRs. The treatments were applied to stem cuttings from each plant and repeated 4 times. PGRs were applied by spraying the leaves within the buds of each plant. Applications took place weekly beginning when the plants entered flower initiating phase, until inflorescence produced. Observations were conducted during the treatment period (10 weeks). Results showed that plants treated with IAA, GA3, and kinetin at 50 and 100 ppm produced increased inflorescence per plant. The increases measured were 155.4 and 92.9% of (IAA), 120.4 and 151% (GA3), 96.6 and 51.7% (kinetin) respectively. In addition we found that application and GA3 at concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm, and kinetin at 50 ppm, increased the number of hermaphrodite flowers per inflorescence by 50%, and increased the number of hermaphrodite flowers per plant by 275.6 and 183.1% (IAA), 219.5 and 254.1% (GA3), 162.9 and 103.1% (kinetin) respectively. As would be expected, the number of fruit per plant increased in those specimens treated with IAA, GA3, and kinetin at 50 and 100 ppm. The increases measured were 301.7 and 167.4% (IAA), 211.7 and 257.0% (GA3), 162.5 and 101.4% (kinetin) respectively.
Fine Root Production and Decomposition in Lowland Rainforest and Oil Palm Plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia Violita Violita; Triadiati Triadiati; Iswandi Anas; Miftahudin Miftahudin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 1 (2016): January 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (871.548 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.23.1.7

Abstract

Transformation of tropical rainforest into oil palm plantation not only has impacts on biodiversity but also affects ecosystem functions such as production and decomposition of fine roots as a nutrient source for plant. The objective of the research was to evaluate the production and decomposition rate of fine roots in natural forest (NF) at Bukit 12 National Park and oil palm plantation (OP) in Jambi, Sumatra. The soil core and litter bag methods were used to obtain fine root production and decomposition data. The results showed that generally, there was the same pattern in fine root production between NF and OP. The annual fine root productivity was found to be higher in NF than that of OP. Rainfall in NF and air temperature in NF and OP were the most significant climate factors affecting fine root production. The remaining fine root biomass decreased as the incubation time increased. The decomposition rate constant (k value) was significantly higher in NF than in OP. Our data showed that the nutrient turn-over of NF fine roots was faster than of OP fine roots. Nitrogen, carbon content, and C/N ratio were the main factors that influenced fine root decomposition.
Construction of RNA Interference Vector to Silence Aluminum Tolerance Gene Candidate in Rice cv Hawara Bunar Windarti Wahyuningtyas; Miftahudin Miftahudin; Utut Widyastuti; Aris Tjahjoleksono
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1366.677 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.23.2.79

Abstract

One of the aluminum (Al) tolerance gene candidates, namely B11 gene, has been successfully isolated from Al-tolerant rice cv Hawara Bunar. However, the role of the gene in Al tolerance in rice has not been known. RNA interference (RNAi) technique is an effective tool to examine the biological function of the target gene in plant. The objective of the research was to construct RNAi recombinant vector carrying untranslated region of the B11 gene. RNAi recombinant vector carrying 195 bp sized 3′UTR_B11 fragment as a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) trigger has been successfully constructed using GATEWAY™ cloning technology, pENTR™/D-TOPO® as a shuttle vector, and pANDA vector as a destination vector. RNAi construct was successfully introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens AgL0, and has been infected to rice cv Hawara Bunar. Analysis of putative transgenic rice showed eight of 20 plants were transgenic carrying the B11-RNAi construct.
Overexpression of B11 Gene in Transgenic Rice Increased Tolerance to Aluminum Stress Devi Media Siska; . Hamim; . Miftahudin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 2 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1789.324 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.24.2.96

Abstract

Rice cultivation on acid soils is mainly constrained by aluminum (Al) toxicity. However, rice has tolerance mechanism to Al stress, which is controlled by many genes. B11 gene is one of the Al- tolerance gene candidate isolated from rice var. Hawara Bunar. It has not been known whether overexpression of the gene in Al-sensitive rice is able to increase Al tolerance. The research objective was to analyze root morphological and physiological responses of transgenic rice overexpressing B11 gene to Al stress. The experiment was carried out using five rice genotypes including two varieties (Hawara Bunar and IR64) and three T4 generation of transgenic lines, that are T8-2-4, T8-12-5, and T8-15-41. All rice genotypes were grown in nutrient solution for 24 h (adaptation period), and then were exposed to 15 ppm Al for 72 h (treatment period) and recovered in normal nutrient solution for 48 h (recovery period). The result showed that the overexpression of the B11 gene in T8-2-4, T8-12-5, and T8-15-41 transgenic lines improved tolerance to Al stress based on root growth characters, accumulation of Al, root cell membrane lipid peroxidation, and root tip cell structure.
Co-Authors , Triadiati AD Ambarwati ADEEL ABDUL KARIM ALTUHAISH Afifah Azkiyah Ahmad Dwi Setyawan Ahmad Tarmidi Albarokah, Nurdiansyah ALEX HARTANA ALEX HARTANA Amarullah, Mohammad Syarifuddin Ambarwati, AD Anarki, Aprillia Alling Anjar Tri Wibowo Arafah, Purnama Aris Tjahjoleksono Astuti, Ristanti Puji Atang Sutandi Awik Puji Dyah Nurhayati Aziz, Alvi Bachtiar, Machdum BUDI SETIADI DARYONO Budiarto, Despiyan Dwi CHAIDIR CHAIDIR Dasumiati Dasumiati Desvian Bandarsyah Devi Media Siska Dewi Indriyani Roslim DIANA AGUSTIN CAROLINA DIBYO PRONOWO Dwi Jatmoko Dwi Suci Setyaningsih DWINITA WIKAN UTAMI Dwinita Wikan Utami Eka Setiawan Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi Faiz, Agus Maulana Fauzobihi, Fauzobihi Fuad Fitriawan, Fuad Habizar, Habizar Hafizhni Anggia, Rafi HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hamim Hamim Hanarida, I Harisca, Rodhi Hartanti, Fajri Hartati, N Sri Haryanti, Intisari HIMMAH RUSTIAMI Himmah Rustiami, Himmah I Hanarida I PUTU GEDE P. DAMAYANTO I PUTU GEDE P. DAMAYANTO, I PUTU GEDE P. I Rosdianti Ilham Dinar Akbar Cudino Iman Rusmana Iswandi Anas Isya, Mandanu Akhta Nur Iwan, Pristanto Ria Irawan J PERRY GUSTAFSON Joko Prasetiyono JULIARNI JULIARNI Juliyani Juliyani Kamini, Kamini Khoirurrijal Khoirurrijal, Khoirurrijal Komalasari, Selly Siti Komalasari Kustiariyah, Kustiariyah Kusumanegara, Kusumawaty LA KOLAKA Latifah, Vida Rahma M Ilham Fahmi Roji MARIA BINTANG Marlina Ardiyani Maududy, Robby Meitha, Karlia Moeljopawiro, Sugiono Muchozin, Muhammad Ni'an Muhammad Akbar Velayati Muhammad Alfarabi Mukhlash Abrar Munif Ghulamahdi Muslimin Muslimin MUTTAQIN, MAFRIKHUL Nadzar Saifudin Nasir, Fahad Muhammad Nasir Nettyani, Naipospos Nugroho, Giri Nunung Fajaryani, Nunung Nurlaela Nurlaela Nurlaela Nurlaela Nurlaila, Santi Nurlaila OKKY SETYAWATI DHARMAPUTRA Perdana, Habain Sila Pieter Agusthinus Riupassa Polosoro, Aqwin Prasetiyono, Joko Purwanti, Tira Puspita Dewi Sopyati Putri Aulia Putro, Karso Suryo Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti RANTJE LILLY WORANG Rasyid, Aliy Ratnasari, Seli Risa Aryantri Rizal Nursamsi, Dede RIZAL SYARIEF Rosandi Ardi Noegraha Rosdianti, I Ruwirohi, Jan Everhard S Yuriyah Sahab, Fahmi Sahab Sairun Sairun Salimah, Hafshah Aqidatun Samsul Arifin Sandra Arifin Aziz Sartika, Dian Setiawan Setiawan Setiawan, Jeffry SISWA SETYAHADI Siti Maryam Harahap Slamet, Oky Sobir Sobir Sokoy, Mercy Sopandi, Nur Irfan Sri Ernawati Srifariyati, Srifariyati Sudirman Yahya Sugeng Heri Suseno Sugiono Moeljopawiro Suharsono Suharsono Suharsono Suharsono Suharsono Suharsono Suharsono, Suharyadi Suharyadi Sulistiani, Erina Supena, Ence Darmo Jaya Sutiarso Sutiarso Suwaji Handaru Wardoyo Suwarno Suwarno Suwarno Suwarno TATIK CHIKMAWATI Tnunay, Ite Morina Yostianti Toto Hadiarto Trikoesoemaningtyas Turhadi Turhadi Utut Suharsono Utut Widyastuti Violita Violita Wardhani, Hilda Sari Wening Enggarini Windarti Wahyuningtyas Windriyana, Windriyana Yuriyah, S Yusrian, Afif Ramdhan Yusuf, Adib Fakhruddin Yuyun Rohmatul Uyuni Zurtiana, Ahmad