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Peningkatan Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.). Merr) dengan Pembentukan Nanopartikel Deni Rahmat; Dian Ratih L.; Liliek Nurhidayati; Meilda Ayu Bathini
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 1 No. 5 (2016): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v1i5.45

Abstract

Bonggol nanas (Ananas comosus (L.). Merr) mengandung enzim bromelain dengan kadar tertinggi dibandingkan bagian nanas lainnya. Salah satu fungsi enzim bromelain adalah sebagai antimikroba. Ekstrak bonggol nanas dibuat dalam bentuk nanopartikel dengan menggunakan kitosan kemudian dikeringkan dengan metode freeze drying. Serbuk kering ekstrak ditentukan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Nanopartikel ekstrak kering dilakukan uji ukuran partikel, zeta potensial, dan morfologi partikel. Nanopartikel ekstrak kemudian diformulasikan ke dalam bentuk sediaan gel. Tiap formula dilakukan uji mutu fisik antara lain organoleptik, homogenitas, viskositas dan sifat alir dan uji mutu kimia (pH). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nanopartikel ekstrak memiliki ukuran partikel 60,8 nm dan bentuk partikel kering sferis. Ekstrak bonggol nanas memiliki KHM pada konsentrasi 1,25%. Gel formula IV menunjukkan DDH tertinggi yaitu 62,5 mm dan memiliki viskositas dan pH yang stabil. Dengan demikian pembuatan nanopartikel pada ekstrak bonggol nanas dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antimikroba dalam sediaan gel untuk penggunaan secara topikal
Pengembangan Sediaan Emulgel dari Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Tetrahydrocurcumin Sebagai Pencerah: Development of Emulgel Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) Tetrahydrocurcumin as an Enlightener Skin Masneli Masri; Deni Rahmat; Agung Eru Wibowo
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 3 (2021): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v3i3.580

Abstract

Kosmetik digunakan untuk berbagai tujuan misalnya untuk membuat penampilan menarik. Dari sekian banyak jenis kosmetik yang digunakan, krim pencerah kulit banyak diminati terutama oleh para wanita di Asia, termasuk Indonesia, agar diperoleh tampilan kulit wajah yang putih dan bersih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan formulasi sediaan emulgel pencerah kulit yang mengandung THC-NLC untuk penggunaan topikal. THC-NLC dibuat dengan menggunakan metode emulsifikasi dengan menggunaan campuran antara PEG-8 beexwax (Apifil) sebagai lemak padat, Grapeseed Oil sebagai lemak cair, plantacare sebagai surfaktan dan tween 80 sebagai kosurfaktan. Karakterisasi THC-NLC dilakukan dengan menentukan ukuran partikel, zeta potensial, morfologi dan mengukur aktivitas hambatan enzim tyrosinase. Selanjutnya THC-NLC diformulasi dalam bentuk Emulgel dan dilakukan analisis parameter sediaan dan uji iritasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakterisasi morfologi pada pemeriksaan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), THC-NLC memiliki bentuk bola dengan diameter 100 nm. Ukuran partikel THC-NLC rata-rata adalah 78,26 nm. Hasil uji inhibisi enzim tirosinase menunjukkan bahwa THC-NLC memiliki nilai IC50 1,1050 mcg/ml, lebih baik dibandingkan dengan Asam kojic sebagai kontrol positif (IC50 51,6663 mcg/ml). Studi in vivo sediaan emulgel THC-NLC menunjukkan tidak ada efek iritasi pada kulit punggung kelinci. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan emulgel THC-NLC memiliki aktivitas sebagai pencerah dan aman untuk digunakan secara topikal. Cosmetics are used for various purposes for example to make attractive appearance. Of the many types of cosmetics used, skin lightening creams are in great demand, especially by women in Asia, including Indonesia, in order to obtain the appearance of white skin and clean. The objective of this research is to develop a skin lightening formulation that has THC-NLCs and THC-NLCs based emulgel for topical use. THC-NLCs is made using an emulsification method using a mixture of PEG-8 beexwax (apifil) as solid fat, grapeseed Oil as liquid fat, plantacare as surfactant and tween 80 as cosurfactan. THC-NLCs characterization was carried out by determining particle size, zeta potential, morphology and measuring the inhibitory activity of the tyrosinase enzyme. Furthermore, THC-NLCs is formulated in the form of Emulgel and analysis of the preparation parameters and irritation tests. The results showed that the morphological characterization of the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), THC-NLC has a round shape with a diameter of 100 nm. The average THC-NLC particle size is 78.26 nm. The results of tyrosinase inhibition test showed that THC-NLC had an IC50 value of 1.1050 mcg / ml, better than kojic acid as a positive control (IC50 51.66663 mcg / ml). In vivo studies of THC-NLC emulgel preparations showed no irritating effect on the rabbit's back skin. It can be concluded that THC-NLC emulgel preparations have a lightening activity and are safe for topical use.
Aktivitas Penghambatan Enzim Tirosinase Secara In Vitro Solid Lipid Nanopartikel Tetrahidrokurkumin: Tyrosine Inhibitory Activities of Tetrahydrocurcumin Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Nurul Hidayatri; Deni Rahmat; Agung Eru Wibowo
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 6 (2021): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v3i6.730

Abstract

Tetrahidrokurkumin (THC) adalah salah satu senyawa polifenol yang memiliki khasiat sebagai pencerah kulit. THC merupakan turunan kurkumin dimana THC memiliki warna serbuk kuning muda hingga putih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase terbaik dari senyawa tetrahidrokurkumin yang diformulasi dalam bentuk solid lipid nanopartikel (SLN) dengan menggunakan asam kojat sebagai kontrol positif. SLN yang terbentuk dikarakterisasi dari ukuran partikel, morfologinya, zeta potensial serta indeks polidipersitas dan diuji aktivitas penghambatan terhadap enzim tirosinase secara in vitro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan SLN THC memiliki ukuran partikel 321,36±1,800 nm, indeks polidispersitas 0,265±0,005 dan zeta potensial sebesar -28,73 ± 0,450 mV. Untuk senyawa SLN THC menunjukkan aktivitas sebagai penghambat enzim tirosinase dengan nilai IC50 hambatan tirosinase 1,1050 µg/ml.
Formulation and Evaluation of Gel of Binahong Leaves Nanoparticle Extract (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) as an Antioxidant and Sunscreen Fathiyah Ghina; Ro’ufi Absor; Deni Rahmat
Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JNPDD September
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58511/v3i1.9216

Abstract

Binahong leaves are a herbal plant that is used to cure several diseases in Indonesia. Binahong leaves have flavonoids that can be potentially beneficial for antioxidants and sunscreen. The study aims to formulate an extract and a nanoparticle extract from binahong leaves into a gel and determine antioxidant and sunscreen activity. Binahong leaves were macerated using 70% ethanol and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Then the extract was made into nanoparticles using the ionic gelation method. The nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, and morphological shape. The results showed that the nanoparticles were 192.7 nm in size, zeta potential of +25.3 mV, and spherical in shape. Antioxidant and sunscreen activity tests were analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Determination of antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenger activity method. The binahong leaves extract and nanoparticles had IC50 values of 68.78 ppm (moderate) and 152.18 ppm (weak). The antioxidant gel binahong leaves had IC50 of Formula II (174.85 ppm) and Formula III (221.14 ppm). The sunscreen activity was analyzed by determining the SPF value. Binahong leaves extract and nanoparticles had SPF values of 16.92 and 21.55 (ultra category). The sunscreen gel binahong leaves extract (formula II) and nanoparticles (formula III) had SPF values of 2.61 and 3.3 (minimal category). Gel preparations were evaluated, including organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, viscosity, and pH test. Binahong leaves extract and nanoparticles extract had antioxidant activity and SPF value that could be formulated into a gel preparation. 
Development, Optimization, and Characterization of Wet-Granulated Curcumin Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Tablets Mantika Atiqah Baihaty; Gumilar Adhi Nugroho; Deni Rahmat; Faridah Faridah
Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JNPDD September
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58511/v3i1.9214

Abstract

Curcumin has been widely recognized for its broad therapeutic potential, including its emerging role as an antiviral agent. However, its clinical translation is limited by poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism, and low oral bioavailability. To address these challenges, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have been proposed as a promising delivery system to enhance curcumin stability and systemic availability. This study aimed to formulate curcumin-loaded NLCs, optimize their physicochemical characteristics, and develop an oral tablet dosage form using the wet granulation method with super-disintegrant variation. The optimized NLC formulation was prepared and subsequently freeze-dried prior to compression into tablets. Particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency (EE), and loading capacity (LC) were evaluated. Tablets were formulated using starch, croscarmellose sodium (2% and 3%), PVP, aerosil, and Avicel PH 102, followed by assessment of physical quality parameters including weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration, and dissolution profile. The optimized NLCs exhibited desirable nanoscale characteristics, with particle size of 70.95 nm, PDI 0.379, zeta potential −23.9 mV, spherical morphology, EE 99.75%, and LC 9.93%. The resulting tablets were yellow, bitter, and odorless, with acceptable pharmacopeial quality. Weight and size uniformity were within limits, hardness was 3.81 kg/cm² and 4.38 kg/cm², friability 1.45% and 0.50%, and disintegration times 1.86 min and 1.28 min for 2% and 3% super-disintegrant, respectively. Dissolution profiles indicated 26.12% and 25.79% release within the test period. Curcumin can be successfully formulated into stable NLCs with excellent encapsulation efficiency and incorporated into wet-granulated tablets meeting pharmacopeial standards. The use of 3% croscarmellose sodium provided the most favorable disintegration profile, suggesting its potential as an optimized oral dosage form to improve curcumin delivery and bioavailability.
Identification of Ethanol Extract Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) with LC-HRMS and Antioxidant Activity Testing Setya, Ninik; Syamsudin; Deni Rahmat; Nenden Lilis
Journal of Natural Product for Degenerative Diseases Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): JNPDD March
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58511/jnpdd.v2i2.8283

Abstract

Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) is a plant rich in bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenolic compounds, which have the potential to provide health benefits. This study aims to identify active compounds in butterfly pea flower extract and evaluate their antioxidant activity. Compound identification was performed using LC-HRMS is an analytical technique that combines liquid chromatography (LC) with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), while antioxidant activity was tested using radical scavenging DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Analytical results showed that butterfly pea flower contain major flavonoid compounds, Butterfly Pea Flower contain compounds glycitein, quercetin, apigenin, kaemferol, laserpitin. The antioxidant activity test showed that Butterfly Pea Flower extract has a weak antioxidant capacity, which has the potential to counteract free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. These findings confirm that butterfly pea flower s have potential as a natural source of antioxidants that can be developed for pharmaceutical and functional food applications.
Antioxidant and Sunscreen Activity from Nanoparticles Extract of Temulawak Rhizome (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb.) And Formulation in The Form of A Cream Anarisa Budiati; Deni Rahmat; Zahirah Alwiyah
Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia
Publisher : Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jji.v6i2.212

Abstract

Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a medicinal plant for the raw material of traditional medicine in Indonesia. Temulawak can be a source of antioxidants and natural sunscreen because of its curcumin content. This study was conducted to determine antioxidant and sunscreen activity on Curcuma rhizome extract and nanoparticles extract and making cream preparations. Extraction using the maceration methods with 96% ethanol solvent, concentrated with a rotary evaporator and the thick extract of Curcuma rhizome was made into nanoparticles by ionic gelation methods. Spray drying methods dried the nanosuspension of Curcuma rhizome extract. The nanoparticles formed were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential and particle morphology. The dry powder nanoparticles and extract of Curcuma rhizome were tested for antioxidant activity by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) methods and sunscreen using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at λ = 290-340 nm. The antioxidant activity showed the IC50 value of the Curcuma rhizome extract was 78.30 μg/mL and nanoextract was 116.51 μg/mL. The sunscreen testing result showed that the SPF (Sun Protective Factor) value of Curcuma rhizome extract at a concentration of 0,012% was 14.14 and nanoextracts at a concentration of 0.04% was 7.73. Curcuma rhizome extract has relatively strong antioxidant activity, while the nanoextract was moderate. The sunscreen activity of Curcuma rhizome extract and nanoextract has maximum protection and extra protection.
Effects of the RH-40 Cremophor Concentration on the Formulation of the Vaccinium varingiifolium (Blume) Miq leaf Extract Nanoemulsion Yulius Evan Christian; Deni Rahmat; Yunahara Farida
PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia) Jurnal Pharmacy, Vol. 20 No. 02 Desember 2023
Publisher : Pharmacy Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/pharmacy.v0i0.16795

Abstract

Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium (Blume) Miq.) contains anthocyanins, chlorophyll, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. This study aimed to obtain the concentration of cremophor RH-40 as an optimal and stable surfactant during storage in Cantigi leaf extract nanoemulsion formulation process. Cantigi leaf extract was made by kinetic maceration in stages with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol as solvent, then evaporated with an evaporator. The extract was tested for solubility using various solvents before making the nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsions were prepared by varying the amount of cremophor RH-40 in three formulas (5%, 7.5%, and 10%) with stirring at 400 rpm at 40 °C. The nanoemulsions were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, and storage for 5 days. The evaluation results of Formula 1, 2, and 3 have an average particle size of 224.7, 226.5, and 198.3 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.565, 0.237, and 0.223. The zeta potential values are - 43.7, - 39.2, and - 42.3 mV, respectively. The results of the storage of nanoemulsions for 5 days showed that in formulas 1 and 2 a precipitate formed, while in formula 3, there was no precipitate. Based on the optimization results obtained, cremophor RH-40 10% obtained a stable nanoemulsion that does not occur with no observed sedimentation/precipitation during storage.
Identification and Antibacterial Activity of Propionibacterium Acnes of Ethyl P-Methoxy Cinnamate Isolated from Kaempferia Galanga Linn Usi Hikmah Utami; Ratna Djami; Deni Rahmat; Sofa Fajriah; Greesty Finotory Swandiny
Journal of Social Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v3i1.1718

Abstract

Kaempferia galanga Linn is a typical Indonesian plant that contains the compound Ethyl P-Methoxy Sinnamate which has antibacterial activity. Acne is a common skin condition characterized by inflammation of the hair follicles and oil glands in the skin. The most effective acne treatment is the use of antibiotics. This research is an experimental study and aims to identify galangal rhizome isolates (Kaemperia galangan L) obtained from N-Hexane extract. using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Densitometry TLC as well as testing the antibacterial activity of the acne-causing Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919 using Complete Tool Design (RAL) with SPSS analysis, confidence level (p<0.05) and continued with the ANOVA test using the disc diffusion and liquid dilution methods for MIC. On In Vitro test Kaempferia galanga Linn contains antibacterial compounds that cause acne, namely Ethyl P-Methoxy Sinnamate with medium-strong strength at a concentration of 0.6%; 1.2%, and 2.4% with an inhibition zone of 8.70 mm; 10,10 mm and 11.70 mm. The clear zone for Clindamycin is 27.30 mm. Ethyl P-Methoxy Cinnamate (EPMS) isolated from Kaempferia galanga Linn N-Hexane extract Kaempferia galanga Linn has a concentration of 1.572 g/mL and has activity against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria at a concentration of 0.6%; 1.2% and 2.4%
Formulation and Physicochemical Characterization of Guava (Psidiumguajava L.) Leaf Extract-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Winda Prasetya Rini; Yunahara Farida; Deni Rahmat
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/nq2rzz42

Abstract

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaf extract is rich in secondary metabolites; however, its utilization as a therapeutic agent is frequently hindered by poor solubility and low bioavailability. The development of submicron-scale drug delivery systems, specifically chitosan nanoparticles, presents an approach to overcome these limitations. This study aimed to formulate and characterize chitosan nanoparticles loaded with guava leaf extract to fulfill the physicochemical stability parameters of a nanosuspension preparation. The extraction process was conducted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. The nanoparticles were synthesized via the ionic gelation method using a 1% chitosan polymer and sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP) as the cross-linking agent. The characterization of the nanoparticle system included physical stability, particle size, polydispersity index (PdI), zeta potential, and morphological observation using a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The freeze-dried powder was subsequently formulated into a nanosuspension, and its physical quality was evaluated. The results indicated a corrected extract yield of 26.65%. The selected nanoparticle formula (F4) exhibited an average particle size of 923.6 nm, a PdI of 0.606, and a zeta potential of +21.6 mV, demonstrating a spherical morphology but with a relatively broad particle size distribution. The evaluation of the nanosuspension over four weeks demonstrated a physically stable preparation with a pH range of 4.18–4.21, a specific gravity up to 1.0795 g/mL, and a 100% redispersion capability. In conclusion, the guava leaf extract was successfully prepared as a preliminary submicron particle formulation, demonstrating its potential to be further optimized and developed into a physicochemically stable nanosuspension.
Co-Authors . Syamsudin . Syarmalina Agi Widia Amanda Agung Eru Wibowo Agung Eru Wibowo Agung Eru Wibowo Agung Eru Wibowo Aji Najihudin Anarisa Budiati Anarisa Budiati Anastasya Anastasya Anny Victor Purba Anny Victor Purba Asrul Muhamad Fuad Chaidir Chaidir Chaidir Dedi Noviendri Deny Wirawan Deny Wirawan Dian Eleveny Martha Flareyanti Dian Ratih Laksmitawati Dini Agustina Yuniaty Ema Hermawati Endah Giyah Wahyuningsih Esti Mumpuni Esti Mumpuni Fahleni Fahleni Faridah Faridah Fathiyah Ghina Greesty Finotory Swandiny Gumilar Adhi Nugroho Hadiyanti Hadiyanti Hidayatri, Nurul Indri Astuti Handayani Jenifer Sara Silalahi Kartiningsih Kartiningsih Liliek Nurhidayati Linawaty Lee Linda Fitriyani M. Ikhwan Setiawan Mantika Atiqah Baihaty Masneli Masri Meilda Ayu Bathini Melva Louisa Mindiya Fatmi Nadya Vresya Saputri Nenden Lilis Ni Made Dwi Sandhiutami Nilam Sari Maulidina Noviyantih, Noviyantih Nur Aji Pangestu Bowo Pra Panca Bayu Chandra Puspita Eka Wuyung Rachmaniar Rachmat Rachmaniar Rahmat Rahmaniar Rachmat Ratna Djami Ratna Djamil Ratna Djamil RICKY KURNIAWAN Rina Hijayanti Risma Marisi Tambunan Riza Darma Putra Rizka Aisyah Ro’ufi Absor Safira Evani Rizki Anwar Sasanti Tarini D Setya, Ninik Shirly Kumala Sofa Fajriah Stella Giovanny Stella Salim Sukmadjaya Asyarie Syamsudin Syamsudin Abdillah Syamsudin Abdillah Teti Indrawati Usi Hikmah Utami Wawaimuli Arozal Winda Prasetya Rini Yanthy Susanti Yesi Desmiaty, Yesi Yulius Evan Christian Yunahara Farida Zahirah Alwiyah Zahirah Alwiyah Zaidan, Sarah