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Eka Cahya Prima
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

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Natural pigment-based dye-sensitized solar cells utilizing Caulerpa racemose and Gymnogongrus flabelliformis as photosensitizers Unwakoly, Semuel; Liliasari, Liliasari; Hartati, Sri; Munawaroh, Heli Siti H; Arramel, Arramel; Rusliani, Prima Fitri; Prima, Eka Cahya
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 3 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61083

Abstract

This research examines natural dyes' chemical and physical characteristics for potential use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Chlorophyll pigments were extracted from two macroalgae species, Caulerpa racemosa and Gymnogongrus flabelliformis, and analyzed using absorbance spectroscopy, band gap energy calculations, and dye-sensitized solar cell performance evaluation. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) characterisation was used to identify the pigments contained in the dye. The absorbance spectra of chlorophyll pigments extracted from both macroalgae species showed broad peaks at 400–800 nm wavelengths, with Gymnogongrus flabelliformis showing the highest absorbance peak at 403 nm. The redox potential analysis for both macroalgae species showed energy gaps (HOMO/LUMO) of 1.3 eV, 1.4 eV, 2.3 eV, and 2.4 eV, respectively, indicating that these natural dyes are suitable for use in DSSC applications. DSSC devices were fabricated using components such as liquid electrolyte, mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO₂) photoelectrode, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as counter electrode, and ITO glass as conductive substrate. Meanwhile, to evaluate how well the photovoltaic system worked, we looked at short-circuit current density (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and overall photoelectric conversion efficiency (η). The results showed that the highest performance for Gymnogongrus flabelliformis was Jsc 0.041 mA/cm², Voc 0.28 V, FF 0.239, and η 0.020%, while the highest performance of Caulerpa racemosa was Jsc 0.023 mA/cm², Voc 0.46 V, FF 0.244, and η 0.019%. These findings indicate the potential for using and developing natural dyes derived from these two macroalgae species in DSSC technology. This research offers insight into the feasibility of marine-derived pigments as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative for photovoltaic applications.
Co-Authors 'Ain, Khaula Noorul A Z Y Muntaz A. Suhandi Adi Rahmat Agus Fany Chandra Wijaya, Agus Fany Chandra Agus Setiabudi Ahmad Sugiana Ahmad, Nur Jahan Aldia Ridwani Putri Amadudin, Muhamad Nur Yasin Amri, Muhammad Fahriza Andhy Setiawan Anggun Zuhaida, Anggun Angjelina, Putri Anisa Rahmawati Ari Widodo Ari Widodo Arifah, Fina Nurul Arramel, Arramel Ashidiq, Rizki Maulana Astuti, Lia Azhari Ebeid Abu elreish Budiatin, Aniek Setiya Budiman Budiman Chun-Yen Chang Destanto, Nady Artan Diah Wahyuni Diana Rochintaniawati Duden Saepuzaman, Duden Dwiyanti, Ulfa E. Suhendi Ekarani, Putri Eliyawati , E. Eliyawati Eliyawati Endi Suhendi F Muslihah Fadzil, Hidayah Mohd Fahmi Amhar Fajar, Muhammad Cahyana Bintang Fajarwati, Andini Fajri, Nurullina Fathurrohman, Irfan Fina Nurul Arifah G S A Muharam Hadjar, Azzahra Siti Hanifa, Husna Hasanah Purnama, Aisyah Nurul Herdianto, Nendar HERNANI - Ida Kaniawati Inandang, Siska Handayani Irfan Fathurrohman Isnawati Isnawati Jasid, Adhara Kurniawan, Luthfiyah Azzahra L A Kurniawan Labibah, Haura Laelandi, Rahayu Lestari, Nimas Ayu Liliasari , Lilit Rusyati Lutianasari, Lia M F Ulfi Meilisyah Putri Utami Melati, Putri Sekar Mellyzar, Mellyzar Mohamad, Maslawati Mr Amprasto Mr Sjaeful Anwar Muamar, Aina Salsabila Muhamad Gina Nugraha Muhammad Nurul Hana Muharam, Ghevira Syaharani Aulia Muji Pangesti Prihandini Mukti, Rizka Nurfarida Munawaroh, Heli Siti H Muslim Muslim Nabilah, Shofa Nahadi Nanang Winarno Nuraeni Kamdi Nurahman, Arip Nurjannah Hanum Mahmudah Siagian Nurpratiwi, Febrianty Nurul Azizah Al Mar'ati Nuryani Rustaman Pramita Sylvia Dewi Putri Angjelina Putri Sekar Melati R. Riandi, R. Rastiadi, Hasna Aisyah Ratna Ekawati Renika, Jelita Riandi Riandi Riandi Riandi Riandi Riandi Ridwan, Ridwan Rika Rafikah Agustin Rini Solihat Riski Muliyani Riski Muliyani, Riski Risnawati, Ika Rizki Maulana Ashidiq Rozi, Muhammad Fahru Rusliani, Prima Fitri Saeful Karim Salma Almira Hamdani Salsabilla, Adinda Saputra, Winata Tegar Selly Feranie Semuel Unwakoly Septiyanto, Arifin Setiya Utari Setiya Utari Sholahudin, Nabila Putri Sihombing, Dewa Alvario Sinaga, Lastama Siti Sriyati Siti Sriyati Sjaeful Anwar Sri Hartati Sumardani, Nur Ichsan Taj Rosyidah Ulfa Dwiyanti Utami, Meilisyah Putri Virijai, Febrian W T Saputra Wahidin, Naufal Rabah Warliani , Resti Wihardi, Yaya Yulianita Nursakinah Yulianti, Lisna Zahra Raudi Maulidia