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Short Communication: Oviposition and chlorosis scoring for early screening of chili resistance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) TENGKU LAILA KAMALIAH; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; SOBIR SOBIR; AWANG MAHARIJAYA; PURNAMA HIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 12 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261238

Abstract

Abstract. Kamaliah TL, Syukur M, Maharijaya A, Hidayat P. 2025. Short Communication: Oviposition and chlorosis scoring for early screening of chili resistance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Biodiversitas 26: 6410-6416. Bemisia tabaci is a major pest of chili. The objective of this study was to establish a rapid screening technique for chili resistance, based on oviposition and chlorosis parameters. The research was conducted in the plastic houses of Sinar Alam Sari, Cibeureum, Bogor, Indonesia, from June to December 2021, using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Eight chili genotypes (Capsicum annuum cv. Adelina, Anies, C12, Kencana, Laris, Landung, Ungara, and Yuni) were infested with four non-viruliferous whiteflies per leaf in a no-choice test. The number of eggs and early instar nymphs was counted on the 7th and 10th days, respectively, while chlorosis was scored on the 21st day after infestation. Results showed significant differences among genotypes. Landung and Yuni were the most susceptible, with the highest egg counts (52.83 and 51.17 per leaf), nymph counts (48.17 and 47.50), and severe chlorosis (score 3-4). Ungara was highly resistant, with the lowest egg (9.00) and nymph counts (4.83), and minimal chlorosis (score 1-2). A strong correlation was observed between high egg/nymph numbers and severe chlorosis, which was objectively validated by RGB image analysis showing a near-perfect negative correlation between chlorosis score and the NGRDI (-0.995). The study concludes that combining egg count and chlorosis scoring—supplemented by digital RGB/NGRDI validation—provides a novel, simple, efficient, and reliable method for the early screening of chili resistance to B. tabaci, offering an integrated method of breeding programs.
Insect abundance and pest prevalence across landscape types and seasons in arabica coffee plantations of West Java, Indonesia YANI MAHARANI; ASTARINA UTARI; TSAMARA SABITHA ANDRIANI; YUDITHIA MAXISELLY; SISKA RASISKA; SUDARJAT SUDARJAT; DEDI HUTAPEA; PURNAMA HIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 11 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261105

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Abstract. Maharani Y, Utari A, Andriani TS, Maxiselly Y, Rasiska S, Sudarjat, Hutapea D, Hidayat P. 2025. Insect abundance and pest prevalence across landscape types and seasons in arabica coffee plantations of West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 5438-5448. West Java is renowned for being a leading producer of high-quality arabica coffee in Indonesia and has received international recognition for its products. The presence of insects, particularly pests, and the extent of the damage they cause are critical factors that influence coffee productivity. This study investigated the effects of landscape composition and climate on insect abundance and pest damage severity in Arabica coffee plantations in West Java, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted across three landscape types: settlements, agricultural, and agroforestry systems, during dry and rainy seasons in Cilengkrang and Pangalengan Districts. For each landscape type, five plots measuring 10 × 10 m were established for data collection. Insect sampling combined brocap traps, beating sheets, a yellow pan trap, and direct collection, while pest intensity was evaluated on fruiting coffee plants. The study revealed that insect community composition varied significantly across coffee plantations, influenced by landscape type and seasonal changes. Insect abundance was notably higher during the dry season, with 5,938 individuals counted, compared to 2,024 individuals during the rainy season. Climatic conditions had a significant impact on insect distribution and community structure. Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) revealed more distinct community composition among landscapes in the dry season, while rainy-season communities were more homogeneous. Herbivorous insects were most abundant in agricultural areas, regardless of the season. Pest damage was mostly low, except for Hypothenemus hampei (coffee berry borer), which caused consistently high damage in settlements and agricultural areas regardless of season and exceeded economic thresholds (>5%). Findings highlight the strong influence of landscape structure and seasonal climate on insect community dynamics and pest pressure. The study's implications for pest management practices suggest that promoting habitat heterogeneity through agroforestry and diversified vegetation could enhance natural pest control and support sustainable Arabica coffee production.
Optimizing extraction timing and characterizing the sex pheromone profile of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Indonesia VANI NUR OKTAVIANY SUBAGYO; RAFIKA YUNIAWATI; PURNAMA HIDAYAT; DADANG DADANG; HERY WIDYANTO; I MADE SAMUDRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270238

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Abstract. Subagyo VNO, Yuniawati R, Hidayat P, Dadang, Widyanto H, Samudra IM. 2026. Optimizing extraction timing and characterizing the sex pheromone profile of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (2): d270238. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270238. The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) threatens maize production in Indonesia, highlighting the need for pheromone tools tuned to local populations. We defined an operational extraction window and quantified the gland pheromone profile of Indonesian FAW females as a baseline for lure development. Virgin females from nine populations were sampled across age (1-4 days) and time after scotophase onset (2-6 hours). Pheromone glands were extracted in hexane and analyzed by GC-FID for three acetate components (Z7-12:OAc, Z9-14:OAc, Z11-16:OAc). In total, 130 extract vials (286 females pooled at 1-3 per vial) were analyzed; the vial was treated as the experimental unit and amounts were expressed as ng per gland. Total pheromone yield showed a consistent mid-scotophase ridge (generally 3-6 hours after lights-off), most apparent in 2-3-day-old females. A linear mixed model on log10(Total_ng) with Population as a random intercept detected a significant Age×Hour interaction (LRT χ²: 19.176, df: 10, p: 0.0381). Cells were ranked by mean Total_ng while prioritizing replication (n_vials ≥3) and population coverage; the selected global window was 3 days, 5 hours. Within this window, composition was consistently Z9-major (mean±SD: 80.18±13.61% Z9-14:OAc; 16.15±13.44% Z11-16:OAc; 3.67±5.31% Z7-12:OAc; n: 28 vials). These results provide a reproducible extraction standard and a locally derived reference blend (≈80:16:4) for subsequent behavioral assays and multi-site field validation.
Diversity and Host Ranges of Whiteflies in Mekarsari Fruit Park, Bogor: a Comprehensive Study of 20 Whitefly Species Across 56 Fruit Plant Species Purnama Hidayat; Nurjanah; Revhida Puspa Anisa
Andalasian International Journal of Entomology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aijent.2.1.8-14.2024

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Mekarsari Fruit Park, situated in Bogor, boasts an extensive collection of 226 fruit species. Apart from vegetables and ornamentals, fruit plants play a significant role as hosts for whiteflies. Whitefly infestations can disrupt photosynthesis and respiration, affect the aesthetics of ornamental plants, and transmit plant diseases caused by viruses. The primary objective of this study was to assess the species diversity of whiteflies and their host ranges within Mekarsari Fruit Park. Purposive sampling was employed, followed by preparing collected samples for microscope slides and identification. A total of 20 whitefly species were collected from 56 fruit plant species spanning 20 different families. Of the 20 collected species, 16 were successfully identified, while four remained morphospecies. These whiteflies were categorized into two subfamilies: 17 species belonging to the Aleyrodinae subfamily and three species belonging to the Aleurodicinae subfamily. Paraleyrodes minei emerged as the most prevalent whitefly species, infesting 14 host plants across 11 families. Furthermore, the study revealed that 14 whitefly species were found exclusively on one fruit plant species, one whitefly species on two fruit plant species within the same family, and seven whitefly species on multiple fruit plant families. The Euphorbiaceae and Rubiaceae families were the most susceptible to whitefly infestation among the fruit plants.
Western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): A newly recorded invasive species in Indonesia Dedi Hutapea; Dewi Sartiami; Dadang Dadang; Purnama Hidayat
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.225309-316

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The most economically important invasive thrips species, known for causing serious damage to various crops through feeding and virus transmission, was recorded in the cut flower production center of West Java Province, Indonesia. Thrips specimens were collected from chrysanthemum plastic houses using sweep nets, beating trays, yellow pan traps, and hand vacuums. Based on morphological characteristics, the specimens were identified as Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande 1895 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Infestation levels in chrysanthemum ranged from 9 to 15 individuals per plastic house. This is the first confirmed report of F. occidentalis infesting chrysanthemums in Indonesia, as the species has not been previously recorded in the country. It can be distinguished from other thrips species by its unique morphological traits, including comb-like setae on the eighth abdominal tergite and distinctive chaetotaxy patterns on the head and pronotum.
Variation in body size and morphometric trait of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Cameroon Van Basten Tambunan; Bandung Sahari; Satyoso Hartjotedjo; Cahyo Sri Wibowo; Walter Ajambang; Culbertson Enow Etta; Damayanti Buchori; Purnama Hidayat
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 23 No 2 (2026): July
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.23.2.99

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Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. is an insect pollinator introduced from Africa and has become the main pollinator of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Indonesia. The presence of E. kamerunicus in Indonesia is reported to increase the fruit set of oil palm. However, the success of pollination shown by the proportion of normal fruit fluctuates under field conditions and tends to decline from year to year. The ineffectiveness of this pollination is caused by the reduced visitation activity of E. kamerunicus to female inflorescences. The performance of pollinator, including the issue of body size is thought to be one of the factors that cause a decrease in efficiency and effectiveness of pollination. This study aimed to determine the differences in body size of E. kamerunicus from Indonesia, Malaysia and Cameroon specifically. The studies were carried out from October 2018 to May 2019. Adults of E. kamerunicus were taken from male anthesising flowers, ten parts of the body were measured. This study showed that there were variations in the body size of E. kamerunicus among Indonesia, Malaysia and Cameroon. The largest body size was found in E. kamerunicus from Cameroon, whilst the smallest body size was observed in Malaysian populations for both male and female. The difference in body length (BL) between native and introduced populations reached 0.22 mm (males) and 0.32 mm (females). These findings indicate that introduced populations exhibit smaller body sizes compared to native populations. Information on the variation in the body size in this study might be valuable for developing management strategies to increase oil palm fruit set in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Ady Daryanto Akhmad Rizali Akhmad Rizali ALI NURMANSYAH ANDI KHAERUNI Anik Larasati Anik Larasati Araz Meilin Ardha Apriyanto ASTARINA UTARI AUNU RAUF Awang Maharijaya Azhar, Azru B T Rahardjo Bambang Sapta Purwoko Bambang Suryobroto Bambang Tri Rahardjo Bandung Sahari Bandung Sahari Bandung Sahari Bintoro, Denny Bismar Nasution Bonjok Istiaji Botek, Muhammad Budi Tjahjono Cahyo Sri Wibowo CHRISTIAN H. SCHULZE Ciptadi Achmad Yusup Culbertson Enow Etta Culbertson Enow Etta DADANG DADANG Dadang Dadang DADANG DADANG DAMAYANTI BUCHORI DAMAYANTI BUCHORI Damayanti Buchori DAMAYANTI BUCHORI Damayanti Buchori Dede Maryana DEDI HUTAPEA Dedi Hutapea Dewi Sartiami DEWI SARTIAMI DJOKO PRIJONO DJUNIJANTI PEGGIE Dodi Nandika Endang Sri Ratna Fitrah Murgianto Gusti Indriati H.S., Gusnawaty Harleni Harleni Hasballah Thaib Hazen Arrazie Kurniawan Hendrival Hendrival Hermanu Triwidodo HERY WIDYANTO Husni dan Zulfanazli Pudjianto Alfian Rusdy Hutapea, Dedi I MADE SAMUDRA I Wayan Winasa IDHAM SAKTI HARAHAP Inez H. Slamet -Loedin ISWARI SARASWATI DEWI JOCHEN DRESCHER Jochen Drescher Juliet M.E. Mamahit Kasmiatun Kasmiatun Keisha Disa Putirama Kenneth Puliafico Kiki Fajrina Simamora Kikin H Mutaqin Kurniawan, Rachman Kusumah, Yayi Munara Lestari, Yuliana Ayu LILIK BUDIPRASETYO Lindung Tri Puspasari Loedin, Inez H. Slamet Lutfi Afifah Mahindra Dewi Nur Aisyah Manuwoto, Syafrida Manuwoto, Syafrida Marwoto . Marwoto . MAWAN, AMANDA MELTA R. FAHMI Muhamad Ghazi Agam Sas Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Basri Murgianto, Fitrah Murgianto, Fitrah N. Usyati Neo Endra Lelana nFN Sudiono Nia Kurniawaty Nia Kurniawaty Nia Kurniawaty, Nia NINA MARYANA NINA MARYANA NOOR AIDAWATI Noor Farikhah Haneda Nurheni Wijayanto Nurjanah Nurulalia, Lia Oemijati Rachmatsyah Paramita Hayu Widhyastuti Permatasari, Gusthi Ayu Rachman Kurniawan Rachman Kurniawan RACHMAWATI RACHMAWATI RAFIKA YUNIAWATI Rahayu Mallarangeng, Rahayu Rahayuwati, Sat Rahmini, Rahmini RAUF, AUNU RAWATI PANJAITAN Revhida Puspa Anisa Rika Ludji Rika Meliansyah RIKA ROULINA SINAGA Riti, Estriana Rizky Nazarreta Rizky Nazarreta, Rizky ROSICHON UBAIDILLAH Rosyid Amrulloh RUSMILAH SUSENO Safitri, Betari Sandi Nugroho Saraswati, Indriana Sari Nurulita SARI, ADHA Satyoso Hartjotedjo SAURIN HEM Schulze, Christian H. Schulze, Christian H. SEDYO HARTONO Septiantina Dyah Riendriasari Shahabuddin Saleh SHAHABUDDIN SHAHABUDDIN SHAHABUDDIN SHAHABUDDIN SISKA RASISKA Siswandi Siswandi SITI HERLINDA SJAFRIDA MANUWOTO SJAFRIDA MANUWOTO SJAFRIDA MANUWOTO Sobir Sobir SOBIR SOBIR Soemartono Sosromarsono Soerjono Hadi Sutjahyo Sopian Sopian SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Sri Hendrastuti Hidayati Sriani Sujiprihati STEFAN SCHEU Stefan Scheu Subagyo, Vani Nur Oktaviany SUDARJAT SUDARJAT Sudiono . Sudiono Sudiono Surjono Hadi Sutjahyo Sutjahyo, Surjono Hadi SYAFRIDA MANUWOTO SYAFRIDA MANUWOTO Syafrida Manuwoto Syair, Syair Syawaluddin Syawaluddin Tawakkal, Muhammad Iqbal TENGKU LAILA KAMALIAH Tengku Laila Kamaliah Tri Atmowidi Triyani Dumaria TSAMARA SABITHA ANDRIANI Ujang Wawan Darmawan Ulfa Ulinnuha Ulfah Juniarti Siregar Usyati, N. Utary Maharani Barus Utomo Kartosuwondo UTOMO KARTOSUWONDO Van Basten Tambunan Van Basten Tambunan Van Basten Tambunan Van Basten Tambunan VANI NUR OKTAVIANY SUBAGYO Vani Nur Oktaviany Subagyo Walter Ajambang Wijayanto, Nurheni Willing Bagariang Willy Bayuardi Suwarno WIRA HADIANTO WORO A. NOERDJITO Woro A. Noerdjito, Woro A. WORO ANGGRAITONINGSIH NOERDJITO Woro Anggraitoningsih Noerdjito YAHER WANDI YANI MAHARANI Yani Maharani YANI MAHARANI Yani Maharani, Yani Yendra Pratama Setyawan Yoga Yuniadi YUDITHIA MAXISELLY Yudiwanti Wahyu Yuliani Yuliani