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Sulistyo Saputro
Universitas Sebelas Maret
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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

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Experimental and DFT investigation of LiFePO₄/graphene composites prepared via shear exfoliation route Amri, Amun; Mawaddah, Mawaddah; Alfatlian, Alfatlian; Sunarno, Sunarno; Murdiya, Fri; Assylzhan, Mazhibayev; Jumbri, Khairulazhar; Altarawneh, Mohammednoor; Yang, Chun-Chen; Saputro, Sulistyo; Rahman, M Mahbubur
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.61976

Abstract

The performance of LiFePO₄ (LFP) cathodes was successfully enhanced by incorporating two types of graphene obtained through green and low-cost liquid shear exfoliation processes. Commercial LFP was combined with few-layer graphene (FLG) and very few-layer graphene (VFLG), with compositions ranging from 0-4 wt.%. LFP, LFP/FLG, and LFP/VFLG, were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), charge–discharge (CD), XRD, FTIR, and FESEM–EDX. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were further employed to probe the electronic structure of LFP and an idealized LFP(001)/pristine-graphene interface as a baseline model for interfacial electronic coupling. DFT indicated interfacial charge redistribution and the emergence of C-2p π-derived states near the Fermi level, resulting in bandgap narrowing relative to pristine LFP and suggesting an additional electronic percolation pathway at the interface. Experimentally, EIS showed that VFLG reduced charge-transfer resistance and increased effective electrochemical conductivity, while FLG addition was associated with improved interfacial charge-transfer behavior inferred from EIS. CD tests at 0.5 C showed that the 4 wt.% FLG and 4 wt.% VFLG electrodes delivered the highest specific capacities of 29.98 mAh/g and 44.66 mAh/g, corresponding to increases of 81.9% and 170.5% compared to bare LFP. XRD and FTIR confirmed that LFP phase integrity was maintained, and FESEM–EDX revealed a uniform particle distribution with well-dispersed graphene networks. Overall, these results demonstrated that shear-exfoliated graphene effectively improved electronic connectivity and charge-transfer behavior in LFP cathodes, supported by consistent electrochemical measurements and electronic-structure insights from DFT.
Co-Authors Agung Nugroho Catur Saputro Akbar, Irfan Alfatlian, Alfatlian Altarawneh, Mohammednoor Ambar Sulistyo Wardhani Amun Amri Antuni Wiyarsi Ari Syahidul Shidiq Arin Khoirul Hidayah, Arin Khoirul Ashadi Ashadi, Ashadi Assylzhan, Mazhibayev Atik Puji Rahayu Bakti Mulyani Barista Kristyaningsih, Barista Budi Utami Budi Utomo, Suryadi Ciptonugroho, Wirawan Damayanti, Nida Desti, Icha Dimas Fahrudin, Dimas Dwi Retno Sari, Dwi Retno Endang Susilowati Fitri Wahyuningsih Fri Murdiya, Fri Harahap, Lenni Khotimah Haryono *, Haryono Haryono Haryono Hussain, Abbas Ali Iftikhar Iswanti, Yuli Isworini Isworini, Isworini Jumbri, Khairulazhar Kamari, Azlan Kristianita Sunaringtyas, Kristianita Kus Sri Martini Lina Mahardiani M. Masykuri Maharani, Rizki Deva Mahmud Hilmi, Mahmud MAMIEK SUBELO, MAMIEK Maria Ulfa Mawaddah Mawaddah, Mawaddah Mohammad Masykuri Mulyani, Bhakti Murwani Dewi Wijayanti, Murwani Dewi Muzzazinah Muzzazinah Nanik Dwi Nurhayati Nonoh Siti Aminah Norma Eralita Nurma Yunita Indriyanti Obianto Babys, Jekson Pamungkas, Yoga Prasetyo Prihantoro, Alita Selvi Raehanah Raehanah Rahman, M Mahbubur Rani Fathonah S, Rani Sajidan Sajidan Sarjono, Alfiyan Wahyudianto Sarwanto Sentot Budi Rahardjo Sentot Budi Raharjo Septianing, Pingki Wahyu Solikah, Anisa Ayu Sri Mulyani SRI RAHAYU Sri Sulystya Ningsih N.D.Tiring, Sri Sulystya Ningsih Sri Yamtinah Suciati Suciati Sudarmin Sudarmin Sukkaew, Adulsman Sunarno Sunarno Suprihati, Wahyurini Suryadi Budi Utomo Susilowati Susilowati Syamsudin, Frendi Ihwan Wahyu Ningtyas Wahyuni, Nita Tri Widha Sunarno Windiasty, Ananda Dea Yang, Chun-Chen Yuli Astuti