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Appropriate learning media for mild mentally impaired students at inclusive vocational schools: A literature review Anggie Marsyaelina; Sudiyatno Sudiyatno; Ranu Iskandar
Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : ADGVI & Graduate School of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jpv.v12i1.47717

Abstract

In inclusive vocational high schools, students with mild mental retardation have limited thinking and communication. This limitation needs to be overcome by teachers with aid. Students with mild mental retardation study using learning media to improve their knowledge. This study aims to determine what learning media are appropriate for mild retarded learners of Inclusive Vocational High School. This study is a literature review of documents. There are four stages in writing this literature review: determining research topics and questions, searching for literature, analyzing literature search results, and writing a literature review. The documents are journals, conference proceedings, books, thesis reports, and website pages on the internet. The number of documents analyzed is 32 documents. Learning media that is suitable for students with mild mental retardation can be seen from 1.) The text: i.e., short readings, common words used, not convoluted, Arial or Tahoma fonts with the size of 14 pt, non-italic sentences and underline, adding an illustration like image or table; 2.) The colors of the media take on the hot colors: i.e., red, orange, and yellow; 3.) The types of tests that can be used: i.e. multiple-choice tests, right-wrong choices, yes-no question, crossword, cause-effect, test descriptions, and essay; 4.) The shape of learning media is 3D; 5.) the types of aromatherapy that can be used: i.e. lavender essence, calm, citrus melablend, and Northwoods blend.
Students' readiness in following online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic Siti Wakijah; Thomas Sukardi; Putu Sudira; Pramu Pramu; Ranu Iskandar; Rijalul Haq
Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : ADGVI & Graduate School of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jpv.v13i1.52030

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted various sectors, including the education sector. This study aimed to determine Polbangtan YoMa students' readiness to follow online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is survey research. The subjects of this study were 158 Polbangtan YoMa students. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. This study results are: (1) the aspects of facilities and infrastructure get the percentage of 66%, meaning that Polbangtan YoMa students are ready to follow the learning from the aspect of  facilities and infrastructure; (2) the technological literacy aspect gets the percentage of 65%; meaning the Polbangtan YoMa students are ready to follow the learning from the aspect of their technological literacy abilities; (3) the quality aspect of online interactions gets the percentage 35%; meaning that Polbangtan YoMa students are not ready to take part in learning from the aspect of online interaction quality capabilities; (4) aspects of the benefits of online learning get the average sroce percentage of 52%, meaning that Polbangtan YoMa students agree that online learning will be helpful; (5) aspects of assistance services get the percentage of 67%, meaning that Polbangtan YoMa students entirely agree that assistance services help in online learning; and (6) aspects of online learning prospects get the average score percentage of 57%, meaning that Polbangtan YoMa students somewhat agree that online learning provides online learning prospects, thus Polbangtan YoMa students are ready to do online learning with an average proportion of 57%. The online learning model used at Polbangtan YoMa is asynchronous learning using e-learning, WhatsApp, and Google Classroom.
Validity and Reliability of a Research Instrument on the Learning Outcome of Automotive Engineering Ranu Iskandar; Putri Khoirin Nashiroh
International Journal of Educational Practice and Policy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June-July 2026
Publisher : PT. Global Research Collaboration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66314/ijepp.v4i2.890

Abstract

Before use, research instruments must be proven valid and have an estimate of their reliability, so instruments can measure what they are intended to measure and be used at different times. The objectives of this study are (1) to prove the validity of the questionnaire instrument for the Learning Outcomes of SMK Automotive Engineering Students and (2) to estimate the reliability of the questionnaire instrument for the Learning Outcomes of SMK Automotive. The study employed a descriptive quantitative design. The instrument was reviewed by eight expert judges and piloted with 30 vocational high school students. Validity was assessed using the Content Validity Index (CVI), Content Validity Ratio (CVR), average variance extracted/discriminant evidence, and outer loading, while reliability was examined through percent agreement and Cronbach’s alpha. The findings showed very strong content validity, with I-CVI values ranging from 0.875 to 1.000, CVR values from 0.80 to 1.00, S-CVI/ave of 0.988, and AVE > 0.50. All outer loadings ranged from 0.795 to 0.914. All constructs met the Fornell–Larcker criterion, percent agreement reached 100%, and Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.868 to 0.892. These results indicate that the instrument is valid, reliable, and appropriate for further research on determinants of automotive learning outcomes.
Development of Gamification-Based Mobile Learning to Improve Learning Outcomes for Automotive Measurement Tools Ranu Iskandar; Putri Khoirin Nashiroh; Febrian Arif Budiman
Edu Komputika Journal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): Edu Komputika Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edukom.v12i2.40262

Abstract

Inclusive education, a key priority of SDG 4, requires learning innovations that are accessible and engaging for all learners, including students with disabilities. In Indonesian inclusive schools, limited availability of adaptive learning technology remains a major barrier, particularly for students with mild intellectual disabilities who often struggle with practical competencies such as reading precision measuring tools. This study developed and evaluated a gamification-based mobile learning (m-learning) medium on automotive measurement tools (vernier calipers) tailored to the needs of students with mild intellectual disabilities through accessible design elements (preferred colors, readable fonts, simplified sentences, and adapted assessments). Using a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model, the product was validated by one media expert and one material expert, and its effectiveness was examined through a one-group pretest–posttest design with 35 Grade 10 Automotive Engineering students at SMK Palapa Semarang. Expert validation results indicated that the media was very feasible, with scores of 85% (Display Design), 83% (Technical Quality), 88% (Visual Communication), and 90% (Media Attractiveness), while content feasibility was also very feasible, with 82% (Content Completeness), 87% (Content Accuracy), 84% (Presentation Cohesion), and 86% (Language Use). Student learning outcomes improved substantially, with mean scores increasing from 68.29 (pretest) to 88.86 (posttest), yielding a gain of 20.6 points and reduced score variability (SD from 10.43 to 6.31). These findings suggest that gamification-based m-learning designed using assistive technology principles is feasible and can enhance learning outcomes in inclusive vocational education contexts.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTIPLE-CHOICE TEST INSTRUMENT FOR CLUTCH SYSTEM LEARNING Moh Zainul Muttaqin; Ranu Iskandar
JURNAL EDUSCIENCE Vol 13, No 4 (2026): In Press Vol 13 no.4
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jes.v13i4.9568

Abstract

Purpose – This research aims to develop a daily test instrument for clutch system material that is valid, reliable, and has good question item characteristics for students of the Automotive Engineering Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Semarang.Methodology – The research method used is R&D with the ADDIE model. The test subjects in this study comprised 38 students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through a feasibility validation sheet completed by an expert validator and the results of student responses from the instrument trial, consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions. The analysis of empirical data included validity and reliability tests, level of difficulty, discriminative power, and distractor effectiveness.Findings – The results of the analysis showed that all 10 questions were declared empirically valid with values ranging from 0.594 to 0.877 (r_table = 0.329). The reliability coefficient of the instrument was obtained as (r_11) = 0.912 (very high category). The characteristics of the question items showed the proportion of the ideal difficulty level (50% easy, 40% medium, and 10% difficult), the effectiveness of the deceitful function was 83.33% (25 out of 30 deceitful), and the discriminating power was categorized as sufficient to very good (3 adequate, 4 good, and 3 very good).Contribution – This study contributes to the development of a daily test instrument for clutch system material that has been proven to be valid, reliable, and to have good item quality for students of the Automotive Engineering Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Semarang. The developed instrument can be used as an objective learning evaluation tool.
The Effect of Methanol-Blended Fuel on Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emissions of a 150 cc Gasoline Motorcycle Mochammad Miftachul Syanusi; Hadromi; Rizqi Fitri Naryanto; Ranu Iskandar
JMEL : Journal of Mechanical Engineering Learning Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jmel.v14.i2.28103

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of methanol-blended fuel variations on fuel consumption and exhaust emissions Honda Supra X125 FI. The background of this research is the need for environmentally friendly and efficient alternative fuels to reduce air pollution from motorized vehicles. Methanol was chosen as an additive due to its high octane number and oxygen content in its structure, which can improve combustion efficiency. The tests were conducted using a Honda Supra X125 FI motorcycle with five fuel mixture variations: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% methanol in Shell V-Power. Data were collected using a gas aalyzer and a dynamometer to measure fuel consumption and CO and HC emission levels. The results show that methanol addition increases fuel consumption by up to 17.99% in the 20% methanol mixture due to methanol's lower calorific value compared to gasoline. However, CO emissions decreased by 23% and HC emissions by 19.26%. The 10% methanol mixture is optimal as it balances combustion efficiency and fuel consumption. The findings indicate that methanol has potential as a fuel additive for reducing emissions in gasoline motorcycles, although higher methanol concentrations may increase fuel consumption.
The Effect of Camshaft Modification on Fuel Consumption and AFR Value on The Honda Supra X 125 Motorcycle Wahyu Hidayat; Abdurrahman; Ranu Iskandar; Rizqi Fitri Naryanto
JMEL : Journal of Mechanical Engineering Learning Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jmel.v15.i1.49227

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of camshaft modification and fuel variation on fuel consumption and air–fuel ratio (AFR) in a Honda Supra X 125 motorcycle. An experimental design was employed using three camshaft configurations standard, touring, and racing and two fuels: pure Pertamax and Pertamax blended with an octane booster. Fuel consumption was measured at idle and 5000 rpm based on the time required to consume 20 mL of fuel, while AFR was measured under idle conditions. Each test was repeated three times, and the results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. At idle, the standard camshaft produced the longest fuel-consumption time, reaching 8.14 ± 0.09 min/20 mL with pure Pertamax and 9.22 ± 0.06 min/20 mL with the blended fuel. At 5000 rpm, the touring camshaft with the blended fuel produced the longest consumption time at 3.20 ± 0.05 min/20 mL. The racing camshaft consumed fuel more rapidly, with the lowest idle value of 6.57 ± 0.35 min/20 mL using pure Pertamax. AFR values decreased from 14.02 ± 0.06 for the standard camshaft with pure Pertamax to 13.45 ± 0.06 for the racing camshaft with the blended fuel. These findings indicate that camshaft geometry and fuel composition influence fuel-consumption characteristics and mixture richness. The standard camshaft was most efficient at idle, the touring camshaft performed best at 5000 rpm, and the racing camshaft produced the richest mixture.
Co-Authors , Khoirul Huda Aam Maulana Ikhsan Abdillah Habib Al Misbah Abdillah Habib Al Misbah Abdillah Habib Al’Misbah Abdurrahman Abdurrahman Abdurrahman Ade Putra Agustin Nurhayatun Ahda, Zahrah Zakiya Ahmad Roziq Aisyah Nur Hidayah Ajhi Bangun Priambudi Aldias Bahatmaka Alfarizy, Ibnu Alfath, Muhammad Rofiq Banu Alwidad, R. M. Rois Alya Widya Natasya Al’Misbah, Abdillah Habib Amirudin, Eka Andi Abdullah Ghyferi Andra Andika Putra Anggie Marsyaelina Anik Maghfiroh Anis Maftukhah Arif Budiman , Febrian Arrijah, Hanalinda Kubrus Asri, Sarwi Bakti Laksono Budiman, Febrian Arif Burhanudin, Muh. Winarno Cahyo Adin Nugroho Chusen Ismail Sidiq Darsono, Febri Budi Devi Aisa Fitri Devina Eka Namira Dharma, Mahardika Setya Dhuha, Wahyu Nur Dian Refiana Didik Supriadi Diena Nadiya Sari Dimas Iqbal Ramadhan Dita Aulia Rahma Dzaky Riyavika Prasetyo Eka Amirudin Ekarini, Fitria Eliza Laura Panjaitan Endang Pratiwi Envira Zahra Putri Prasetya Fadlu, Vio Faiz, M. Agung Nur Farras, Herdin Bergas Fatchul Arifin Faza, Muhammad Iqbal Febri Budi Darsono Fiqih Abi Mahardika Fiqri Fadillah Fahmi Firmansyah, Muhammad Raihan Fitri, Devi Aisa Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Fuatzin, Ignas Galih Prapdipto Wisnujati Hadromi Hafizh, Muh. Abiyyu Hamdi, Ilham Falah Hanif Hidayat Hanif Nurfa'iq Harahap, M. Abiyyu Hafizh Herdin Bergas Farras Hidayat, Hanif Ibnu Alfarizy Ikhsan, Aam Maulana Ilham Falah Hamdi Imanu Danar Herunandi Indradewa, Rhian Iqbal Kend Pratama Ja'far Faris Nashiruddin Kayla Adinda Rizki Kayla Izza Putri Khoiruddin, Muhammad Alfa Khoirudin Fathoni, Khoirudin Khoirul Huda Khoirul Huda Khoirul Huda Kriswanto Kriswanto Kriswanto Laksono, Bakti Leksono, Panggah Bowo Lelu Dina Apristia Lintang Ratu Wastika M. Abiyyu Hafizh Harahap M. Agung Nur Faiz M. Aufa Nabil M. Sadewa Mikadilana Mahardika Setya Dharma Mahardika, Fiqih Abi Maharudin Wira Pratama Mahasurya, Muhammad Saddam Malik, Muhamad Bani Maturidi, Rusman Maulana, Muhammad Akmal Mazaya Qanita Nizwa Mera Kartika Delimayanti Miftakhun Nuril Mikadilana, M. Sadewa Misbah, Abdillah Habib Al Mochammad Miftachul Syanusi Moh Zainul Muttaqin Muh. Abiyyu Hafizh Muh. Ridwan Prananda Muh. Rizki Ivan Setiawan Muh. Winarno Burhanudin Muhammad Akmal Maulana Muhammad Dwi Saputra Muhammad Dwi Yulianto Muhammad Khumaedi Muhammad Raihan Firmansyah Muhammad Rizal Saputra Muhammad Rofiq Banu Alfath Muhammad Ryo Suhartian Muhammad Saddam Mahasurya Muhammad Saddam Mahasurya Muhammad Syafiulloh Muhammad Yusuf Wibowo Muhammad Zia Ulhakim Nabil, M. Aufa Nadhiva Qothrunnada Najwa Devi Rosiana Najwa Faradila Nashiruddin, Ja'far Faris Natasya, Alya Widya Neena Calysta Abram Ningsih, Ayup Suran Nugroho Fajar Susanto Nugroho, Cahyo Adin Nur Faizal Adkha Nur Fitri Sukrina Nurfa'iq, Hanif Nuril, Miftakhun Panjaitan, Eliza Laura Pramita Sekar Dwi Pangesti Pramu Pramu Prananda, Muh. Ridwan Prasetyo Prasetyo Prasetyo, Dzaky Riyavika Pratama, Maharudin Wira Pratama, Sholikhul Yudha Priambudi, Ajhi Bangun Priyasigit, Tri Wahyu Pudji Parjono Putra, Andra Andika Putri Khoirin Nashiroh Putu Sudira Qothrunnada, Nadhiva R. Ambar Kuntoro Mursit Gendroyono R. M. Rois Alwidad Rafif Dimas Pratama Rahmat Doni Widodo Rahmawanti, Fera Dwi Ramadhani, Risky Ratu Okta, Yang Refiana, Dian Restu Kurnia Ramadhani Rijalul Haq Risky Ramadhani Rizki Setiadi Rizqi Fitri Naryanto Rizqi Fitri Naryanto Rusiyanto Rusiyanto Rusman Maturidi Saputra, Muhammad Dwi Saputra, Muhammad Rizal Sarwi Asri Satria Bayu Segoro Segoro, Satria Bayu Setiawan, Muh. Rizki Ivan Sholikhul Yudha Pratama Sidiq, Chusen Ismail Silmi Walidah Salisa Siti Thoifatun Najiah Siti Wakijah Sudiyatno Sudiyatno Suhartian, Muhammad Ryo Sukoco, Imam Supriadi, Didik Susanto, Nugroho Fajar Syaeful Adji Prasetyo Syafei, M. Hilman Gumelar Syafiulloh, Muhammad Thomas Sukardi Tri Wahyu Priyasigit Ulhakim, Muhammad Zia Umi Rokhayatun Utami, Nunik Widia Vio Fadlu Wahyu Ady Priyo Kuncahyo Wahyu Hidayat Wahyu Nur Dhuha Wahyudi Wahyudi Warsiti Warsiti Warsiti Warsiti Wijaya, Afif Wiji Ninggar Waskito Winarko, Chandra Adi Yohanes Pembaptis Andika Cahyo Utomo Yohanes Primadiyono, Yohanes Yulia Rhoma Fitriyani Yulianto, Muhammad Dwi