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All Journal Jurnal Bestari Reaktor International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development TEKNIK MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL METANA JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi Fakultas Teknik Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Waste Technology Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal Techno: Jurnal Penelitian Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Majalah Ilmiah MOMENTUM ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Indonesia Journal of Halal PRoMEDIA Journal of Innovation in Business and Economics Andalas obstetrics and gynecology journal ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Budimas : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Jurnal Pengabdian dan Peningkatan Mutu Masyarakat (JANAYU) Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Indonesia (JISI) Jurnal Energi Baru dan Terbarukan Jurnal IPTEK Bagi Masyarakat Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Jurnal Riptek Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Jurnal Profesi Insinyur Indonesia Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
. Widayat
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty Of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275
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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

 1 
Potency of Microalgae as Biodiesel Source in Indonesia Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Widayat Widayat; Andri Cahyo Kumoro
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 1, No 1 (2012): February 2012
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.1.1.23-27

Abstract

Within 20 years, Indonesia should find another energy alternative to substitutecurrent fossil oil. Current use of renewable energy is only 5% and need to be improved up to 17%of our energy mix program. Even though, most of the area in Indonesia is covered by sea, howeverthe utilization of microalgae as biofuel production is still limited. The biodiesel from currentsources (Jatropha, palm oil, and sorghum) is still not able to cover all the needs if the fossil oilcannot be explored anymore. In this paper, the potency of microalgae in Indonesia was analysed asthe new potential of energy (biodiesel) sources.
Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Candlenut Oil via Simultaneous Reaction Using a Bifunctional CeO2.CaO Catalyst Widayat, Widayat
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Accepted Articles
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61065

Abstract

The biodiesel synthesis process with a high free fatty acid content can be accomplished in a single stage using solid catalysts that function simultaneously as both base and acid catalysts. In this study, CeO₂.CaO was used as a bifunctional catalyst for biodiesel synthesis from candlenut seed oil. Catalyst characterization includes FTIR, BET, SEM-EDX, and TPD analysis. Process optimization was carried out using the central composite design method on Design Expert software. To determine the effect of each process variable on the simultaneous reaction, the effect of methanol-to-oil molar ratio, catalyst loading, and reaction temperature on FAME yield was also analyzed. The optimum operating conditions to achieve high FAME yield were found at methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 10.3:1, 5.39% w/w catalyst loading, and a reaction temperature of 60°C.
Chemically activated biochar derived from mangrove litter with enhanced CO2 adsorption capacity for carbon sequestration Ariyanti, Dessy; Syifa, Viona; Hapsari, Farida Diyah; Widiasa, I Nyoman; Widayat, Widayat; Silviana, Silviana; Purbasari, Aprilina; Setiabudi, Herma Dina; Hamzah, Fazlena
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.62059

Abstract

Overcoming climate change is crucial to ensure environmental sustainability. This research focuses on the development of chemically activated biochar (CAB) from mangrove litters that can be used for CO2 adsorption, which leads to reducing the impacts of climate change. The synthesisation of CAB was carried out via pyrolysis at 400℃ for 2 hours under nitrogen gas flow, followed by treatment using various activating agents (0.1 M of H2SO4, HCl, KOH, and NaOH) for 2 hours with a biochar-to-solution ratio of 1 g : 4 mL. The activation process was designed to enhance surface area, pore characteristics, and functional groups associated with CO2 adsorption performance. The observation on the characteristics of CAB using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), The Brunauer, Emmett, Teller and Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BET-BJH), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), CHN Analyser, and static batch CO2 adsorption tests shows the ability of CAB in capturing CO2 through several possible mechanism. Among the samples, KOH-activated biochar (B-KOH) exhibited the highest CO2 adsorption capacity, reaching 12.47 mmol CO2 g-1 biochar. This high performance is attributed to a potassium (K) composition of 9.74%, which effectively catalyzed the development of a microporous structure, resulting in a micropore volume of 5.927 x 10-3 cm3/g and an optimized average pore width of 1.543 nm. Furthermore, B-KOH maintained the highest O-H group area (1.533 a.u. x cm-1), enhancing its affinity for CO2 molecules. This research offers an innovative and practical solution to reduce greenhouse gases and is expected to have a significant impact, both locally and globally, in advancing sustainable development.
Methyl ester production from high free fatty acid content with Ce/Zeolite bifunctional catalyst Syahidah, Aisyah Sabrina Nurul; Wilujeng, Dinanti Putrisia; Widayat, W.; Hadiyanto, H.; Sulardjaka, S.; Ngadi, Noorzita
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.61945

Abstract

The production of methyl esters from high free fatty acid (FFA) feedstock remains a critical challenge in biodiesel processing, particularly when using Palm Acid Oil–waste cooking oil (PAO–WCO) with an initial FFA content of 53.21%. Such high FFA content significantly reduces reaction efficiency and necessitates a conventional two-step process involving esterification to lower the FFA level followed by transesterification to convert triglycerides into methyl esters. This multistep approach limits process efficiency and increases operational complexity for high-FFA feedstock. This study investigates the use of a bifunctional Ce/Zeolite catalyst to enable simultaneous esterification and transesterification in a single-step process for high FFA content oil. The zeolite support was synthesized from geothermal waste, and cerium was incorporated via impregnation. The catalyst was characterized using SEM–EDX, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyses. The reaction was conducted under various operating conditions, including different temperatures and catalyst loadings. The Ce/Zeolite catalyst exhibited effective bifunctional activity, enhancing the simultaneous conversion of FFAs and triglycerides in high FFA content feedstock. The optimum conditions were a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 12:1, 4 wt% catalyst loading, and a reaction temperature of 50 °C for 180 min. Under these conditions, FAME concentration of 91.5% was obtained, with FFA conversion of 25.31% (reduction of 13.47% FFAs from initial 53.21%) achieved in a single-step transesterification process. These results demonstrate that Ce/Zeolite is a promising bifunctional catalyst for the efficient processing of high FFA content oil, offering a simplified and more sustainable pathway for industrial biodiesel production.
Co-Authors A Abdullah A Abdurrakhman A. Sadikky DP Abdullah Abdullah Achmad Roesyadi Achmad Roesyadi Achmad Wildan ADE ARTA, MOCHAMAD ZAINUDIN Adi Darmawan Adit Rizky Wicaksono Afriani, Nurfika Agus Suprihanto Ahmad Juanda Ahmad Ni’matullah, Albaari Aini, Apsari Puspita Aji Baharsyah Aji Prasetyaningrum Aji, Satriyo Akbar Asfar, A.M. Iqbal Al-Baari, Ahmad N Al-Baarri, Ahmad Ni'matullah Al-Baarri, Ahmad Ni’matullah Alamsah, Yogi Alfareza, Muhammad Ircham Almaas Salwa, Diah Ayu Andi Friadi Andika Pradifan Andrew Bryano Kermite, Andrew Bryano Andri Cahyo Kumoro Andri Cahyo Kumoro Andrianto, Novian Andry Anggoro Arahim Anggra Widhi Anggra Widhi Anik Sarminingsih, Anik Annisa Metantya Maharani Aprilina Purbasari Ari Eko Prasetyo Ari Eko Prasetyo Ariadi, Ariadi Arianti Nuur Annisa Arief Budiman Aris Triwiyatno Arman, Mhd. Adithia Perdana Arwan, Berriandi Aulia, Haris Nu’man B Budiyono Bacthiar, Hafni Bagus Agang Sudrajat Bakti Jos Bambang Cahyono Bambang Sudarsono Banowati, Tria Nita Berkah Fajar Tamtomo kiono Bernike Vemmialia Jonfita Budi Warsito Budianto, Irawan Arief Catur Pramono D. Ingrid A D. Soetrisnanto Dani Puji Utomo Danny Soetrisnanto DENNY SANJAYA Dessy Ariyanti Devina Ingrid A. Didi Dwi Anggoro Dita Ayu Sofiati Driastuti, Faradilla Dyah Hesti Wardhani Edward, Leonardo Ela, Hulasoh Elysia, Alvina Enda Merizki br Ginting Fauzan, O. K. Muhammad Fauzandy Husna Setyanto Favian Nafiega Ferdy D, Erbert Fistcar, Wawarisa Alnu H Hadiyanto H M Rachimoellah H Satriadi H. Anggraeni H. Satriadi H. Satriadi Hadiyanto Hadiyanto Hamzah, Fazlena Hanapi bin Mat Hanapi bin Mat Handung Nuryadi Hanifa Zakiyatul Urbach Hantoro Satriadi Hantoro Satriadi Hantoro Satriado Hapsari, Farida Diyah Haris Nu'man Aulia Haris Nu’man Aulia Hasanah, Alfi Hendra Try Ardianto Hendro, Andika Herlambang, Andy Rahmadi Heru Susanto Hesti Rahayu I Nyoman Widiasa I. Hartati Ika Windrianto K. Handono Indah Hartati Iqbal Mubarak Irawan Arif Budianto Johnner P Sitompul Khoirun Nisa Kurdianto Kurdianto Kurnia, Atik Kusmiyati, K Lestari, Dwi Fitri Lukman Hakim Firdaus Luqman Buchori M. Djaeni M. Hadi M. Hadi M. Hadi Makrufah Hidayah I Manulang, Amanda Nathalia Harti Marusaha Marcelinus Christwardana Maria Siahaan Marta Chandra Anikke Putri Masyhad Masyhad Meiny Suzery Melati, Emilla Mochamad Arief Budihardjo MSK. Tony Suryo Utomo Muchammad Muchammad Muhammad Farizan Praevia Muhammad Hilmazar Hawari Muhammad Mukhlisin Muhammad Rachimoellah Muhammad Rachimoellah Muhammad Syukri Hasan Muhammad Syukri Hasan Nabilla Salma Listyawijayanti Nasir, Yahya Ndaru Okvitarini Ngadi, Noorzita Ngadiwiyana M.Si. S.Si. Ngurah Widiantara Ni'matuzahroh Ni'matuzahroh Novianti, Khusnul Rofida Noviyanto, Sigit Nugroho, Tito Nur Adityo Nur Rokhati Nurjannah, Rifa Nurul Yaqin Pandapotan, Boris Poltak Prakoso, Satrio Budi Prakoso, Satyo Jati Prasetyo, Ahmad Wisnu Pratomo, Shendy Eko Priyosetyoko Priyosetyoko, Priyosetyoko Puja Chrisdianto Manapa Purbantoro, Denia Azizah Putri, Sylvia Rahmi Rahmania, Yusi Luluk Ratnawati Ratnawati Ratnawati, Ida Razak, Habibie Rheza Dipo Ridani, Nuraida Riky Yonas Riky Yonas Riva Amrulloh Roz, Kenny S Suherman S Supriyandi salsabila, elvira Samudra, Makitta Widi Saudale, Jeanette Mutiara Paula Sekarningtyas, Nazifa Seno, Abdi Setia Budi Sasongko Setia Budi Sasongko Setiabudi, Herma Dina Setiadi, Muhammad Irfan Sianturi, Aurelia Genesya Silviana Silviana Silviana, S Siti Nur Khairunisa Aroli Sonya Hakim Raharjo Sri Nastiti Andharini Sri Puji Lestari Sri Widodo Agung Suedi Sri Widodo Agung Suedy Sriatun Sriatun Striadi, H. Sugiyanto - Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sulardjaka, S Sulardjaka, S. Sulastri, Cucu Sumiati Sumiati Suroso Agus Saputro Sussatrio, Hardito Syafrudin Syafrudin Syahidah, Aisyah Sabrina Nurul Syaiful . Syarief, Elijah Syifa, Viona Sylvia Rahmi Putri Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Taufiq, Akbar Teguh Purnomo, Teguh Tri Winarni Agustini Tri Winarni, Agustini Tutuk Djoko Kusworo Uray Irzandi Uray Irzandi Utama, Bobby Indra Vicky Ramadhani, Vicky widodo, anton sri Wilujeng, Dinanti Putrisia Winaningsih, Ima Wira Pinem Yanuar Rifianto YS Darmanto Yudhy Dharmawan Yuliani, Kristina Wulan Yulita Arni Priastiwi Yuliyandjaja, John Philia Yusi Luluk, Rahmania