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All Journal JIE (Journal of Islamic Education) INSPIRAMATIKA Jurnal DISPROTEK Jurnal Pengabdian Magister Pendidikan IPA Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Krisnadwipayana Jurnal Keperawatan Widya Gantari Indonesia JURNAL TEKNIK Al Yasini : Jurnal Keislaman, Sosial, hukum dan Pendidikan JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW SINTA Journal (Science, Technology, and Agricultural) LOSARI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat KADARKUM: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat SAMAWA : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Semarang Law Review Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomika & Sains International Journal of Integrative Sciences Center of Economic Students Journal (CSEJ) Dinamika Hukum Dan Masyarakat JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT AKADEMISI Journal of Educational Management Research Jurnal Rekayasa elektrika Hukum dan Demokrasi (HD) Advokasi Hukum & Demokrasi Jurnal Rekayasa Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum Jurnal Akademik Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Edukasi Sebelas April Jurnal Komplikasi Anestesi Gahwa Tribakti: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman International Journal of Economics, Business and Innovation Research Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik Journal Juridisch Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan Jurnal Kesehatan Qamarul Huda Journal of Islamic Education Ar-Rasyid: Jurnal Publikasi Penelitian Ilmiah Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan
Zaenal Arifin
Center for Research and Development of Tropical Dry Land - University of Mataram
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Journal : JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW

 1 
Konflik Norma (Antinomy Normen) Sita Umum Dengan Sita Pidana Dalam Pemberesan Harta Pailit Harir, Moh; Soegianto Soegianto; Zaenal Arifin; Kukuh Sudarmanto; Miftah Arifin
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.11384

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the normative conflict between general seizure (sita umum) and criminal seizure (sita pidana) in the settlement of bankruptcy assets, as well as to examine mechanisms for resolving such conflicts when assets of a bankrupt debtor under general seizure are also subject to criminal seizure. General seizure, carried out by the bankruptcy curator, is intended to collect and liquidate all assets of the bankrupt debtor to repay creditors fairly and proportionally. In contrast, criminal seizure, conducted by investigators, is aimed at confiscating assets related to a criminal offense, either as evidence or as proceeds of crime. The normative conflict arises when assets seized for bankruptcy settlement are also targeted in criminal proceedings. This clash is rooted in Article 31(2) of Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment, which stipulates that a bankruptcy declaration and general seizure nullify all prior seizures, and Article 39(2) of Law No. 8 of 1981 on the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), which still permits the seizure of assets already under civil or bankruptcy seizure. Using a normative juridical method, the findings reveal that this inconsistency creates legal uncertainty, particularly in determining the priority of seizure enforcement, thereby hindering the settlement of bankruptcy assets and potentially causing losses to creditors. Therefore, this study recommends the establishment of a clear legal provision that explicitly prioritizes general seizure in cases of overlap with criminal seizure, in order to ensure legal certainty, safeguard creditors’ rights, and maintain a balanced approach with the objectives of criminal law enforcement.   Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konflik norma antara sita umum dan sita pidana dalam proses pemberesan harta pailit, serta mengkaji mekanisme penyelesaiannya ketika aset debitur pailit yang telah berada dalam sita umum juga menjadi objek sita pidana. Sita umum yang dilakukan oleh kurator dalam kepailitan bertujuan mengumpulkan dan menjual seluruh aset debitur pailit untuk membayar utang kepada para kreditur secara adil dan proporsional. Sebaliknya, sita pidana yang dilakukan oleh penyidik ditujukan untuk menyita aset yang terkait dengan tindak pidana, baik sebagai alat bukti maupun hasil kejahatan. Konflik norma timbul ketika objek yang disita untuk pemberesan harta pailit juga menjadi sasaran sita dalam perkara pidana. Pertentangan ini berakar pada ketentuan Pasal 31 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang, yang menyatakan bahwa putusan pailit dan sita umum menghapus seluruh sita sebelumnya, dengan Pasal 39 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP), yang tetap memperbolehkan penyitaan terhadap objek yang telah berada dalam sita perdata maupun sita pailit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertentangan norma tersebut menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum, khususnya terkait penentuan prioritas pelaksanaan sita, sehingga berimplikasi pada terhambatnya pemberesan harta pailit dan potensi kerugian bagi kreditur. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan adanya pengaturan yang secara tegas menetapkan prioritas sita umum dalam konteks tumpang tindih dengan sita pidana, guna menciptakan kepastian hukum, melindungi hak kreditur, dan tetap menjaga keseimbangan dengan kepentingan penegakan hukum pidana.
Co-Authors A. Nurul Azizah Ar Ade Irawan Agan Sutanto Ahmad Fatikhul Udin Aisyah Nurhalizah Akbar Dafi Isworo Putra Amalia Amalia Amar, Saiful Ambar Murnawati Amelia Fadilah Anas Hidayat Andi Achmad Zulkarnaen Aries Jehan Tamamy Arif Rahindra Arry Dwi Syahputra Ary Tara Rosita Asmana, Arezqi Tunggal Asokawati, Dewinta Atsqbit, Aqid Attar Aulia, Chanda Babun Suharto Bahmid Baik Heni Rispawati Baiq Rulli Fatmawati Baiq Rully Fatmawati Choirihi, Muchammad Christina Diah Wijayanti Dede Monika Dewi Nursukma Purqoti Di Angelo Fellest Hyaning Sabda Dian Istiana Dian Istiana Dian Kasoni Dian Septiandani Dicky Cahyadi Drajat Wahyu Sasongko Endah Pujiastuti Endang Setyowati Farsya Azzahra Fatmawati, Baiq Ruli Fatmawati, Baiq Rulli Guntur Marsudi H. Yusep Mulyana Hadi Wuryandanu Hapipah Harir, Moh Helmy Rahadian Heriawan Herlina, Siskha Maya IG Ngurah Rai Artika ILHAM Ilham Ilham Illman Imam Maksum Imanuel Kurniawan Arif Soetedjo ISTIANAH Jalaluddin Jamali, Raihan Hafidz Kadi Sukarna Kasnaeny Karim Kukuh Sudarmanto Liesnaningsih Liesnaningsih Lolita Endang Susilowati M. Mizanul Haq Mahendra Hakim Mahrup Maman Suparman Mansur Ma’Shum Mansyur Ramly Mansyur, Masykur H. Mas Rara Tri Retno Herryani Megawati Mennix Hamonangan Miftah Arifin Mochamad Haris Candra Purnama Moh Thamsir Moh. Romli Mohammad Aulia Muaffa, Aulia Muhamad Maimun Muhammad Junaidi Muhammad Rizalul Wahid Muhammad Zul Efendi Manurung Multazam Hajras N. Fathurrohman Nanggara Ricky Ardian Nasirin Niken Astuti, Niken Nuno Guil Hermino Pacheco Magno Nurdiah Nurdiana Handayani Nurlathifah, Nailah Nurul Rizka Puri Pratami Ardina Ningrum Purqoti, Dewi Nur Rahmat Kurniawan Ramdhania, Nur Aisyah Risyda Aini Khoerunnisa Rohmat Taufiq Rusiana, Harlina Putri Saharul Alim Siadi Siadi Siti Wahyuni Soegianto Soegianto Soegianto, Soegianto Sukirman Sukirman Supriyadi Supriyadi Sutowo, Shahaby Syaifuddin Zuhri Syifa Tiara Selvia Putri Tisna Amijaya Umminingsih Undiadi Utomo, Atok Dadyo Wijayono Hadi Sukrisno Yeyen Yor Hananta Zainul Muttaqin Zuliardi, Zuliardi