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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Atom Indonesia Journal Majalah Obat Tradisional INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY The Indonesian Biomedical Journal JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) FITOFARMAKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Majalah Patologi Indonesia Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Narra J Indonesian Journal of Cancer Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran (JURRIKE) The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity

Kusmardi

Departemen Patologi Anatomi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia

Author-ID : 450273

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Pengaruh Crude Fukoidan dari Ekstrak Sargassum crassifolium terhadap Kadar ICAM-1 dan VCAM-1 pada Sel Raw 264.7 yang Diinduksi Lipopolisakarida Ayu Werawati; Esti Mumpuni; Kusmardi Kusmardi; Dian Ratih Laksmitawati; Syamsudin Abdillah
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 17 No 1 (2019): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

Inflammation is the response of vascular tissue to infection and damaged tissue to remove agents that cause inflammation. Macrophages are the dominant cells in the inflammatory reaction. Adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelium is a main feature of the inflammatory process. The presence of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, can lead to adhesion of monocytes and lymphocytes to endothelial cells via bonding adhesion molecules to endothelial cells. Crude fukoidan derived from Sargassum crassifolium taken from Garut waters and extracted with dilute HCl, tested for anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 using lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cell models. The viability test was carried out in the concentration range of 0.49-1000 µg / mL. The pattern of inhibition of cell proliferation is influenced by concentration. The highest concentration that caused cell viability of 80% was the concentration of 86.46μg / ml. Crude fukoidan reduced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels at concentrations of 50 and 25 μg / ml.. Percent inhibition of ICAM-1 at 50 µg / mL concentration was 61.04% compared to control and 74.26% at 25 µg / mL concentration. While the percent inhibition of VCAM-1 a

Perbandingan Profil Lipid pada Tikus Putih yang diberi Crude Fucoidan dari Rumput Laut Coklat (Sargassum polycystum) yang Diinduksi Diet Tinggi Lemak Juliana Irem Adriana Purukan; Kusmardi Kusmardi; Dian Ratih Laksmitawati; Syamsudin Abdillah; Bambang Ponco Priosoeryanto
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 17 No 1 (2019): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

: Brown seaweed (Sargassum polycystum) is one of the plants that produces pharmacological activity which is as anti-atherosclerotic with the potential chemical content is fucoidan. The aim of this research is to know the effectiveness of crude fucoidan in decreasing total cholesterol, LDL, TG, increasing HDL levels and atherogenic index. In the optimization phase, 5 rat test animals were used to see the effect of the composition of a high-fat diet given on lipid profiles. While in the testing phase 30 test animals were divided into 6 groups to see the effect of a high-fat and crude fucoidan diet given to lipid profiles. Examination of lipid profiles was carried out three times, namely on the 0th, 14th and 36th days, after that the atherogenic index is calculated. On the 36th day the test, rats were anesthetized and necropsy for subsequent blood collection through the heart organ.The results showed that 200 mg crude fucoidan dose could significantly decreasing total cholesterol, LDL, TG, increased HDL levels and significantly decreased the atherogenic index of rat serum compared to the dosages of 100 mg and 50 mg, but did not differ significantly from the positive control at 10 mg atorvastatin.

Comparison of Helicobacter pylori Detection Using Immunohistochemistry and Giemsa and Its Association with Morphological Changes in Active Chronic Gastritis Wildawati Nurdin; Ening Krisnuhoni; Kusmardi Kusmardi
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 17, No 1 (2016): VOLUME 17, NUMBER 1, April 2016
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Background: Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa as a response to infection or irritation of the gaster. The most common aetiology of chronic gastritis is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Presence of H. pylori is associated with the occurrence of inflammation, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia. In terms of morphology, H. pylori is known in 2 forms, which are rod-shaped and coccoid-shaped. Coccoid-shaped bacteria are difficult to detect using Giemsa staining. Therefore, immunohistochemistry staining of H. pylori and evaluation of the sensitivity of coccoid-shaped of H. pylori are needed.Method: Cross-sectional study on 90 biopsy tissues of chronic gastritis patients in year 2015 and 2014, which included 30 Giemsa cases with positive H. pylori, 30 cases of active chronic gastritis with negative H. pylori but coccoid-shaped was found, and 30 non-active chronic gastritis, were subsequently stained with immunohistochemistry staining of H. pylori.Results: Expression of coccoid-shaped H. pylori in active chronic gastritis was significantly different (p 0.05) in immunohistochemistry staining. There was a significant difference between active chronic gastritis with positive H. pylori and negative H. pylori in immunohistochemistry staining with degree of inflammation. Sensitivity and specificity test between Giemsa and immunohistochemistry staining showed sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 100%.Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry staining in active chronic gastritis was more sensitive compared to Giemsa staining in detecting H. pylori, particularly the coccoid-shaped bacteria.

Potential Deleterious Effects of L-Citrulline Supplementation in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction: Focus on Nitrosative Stress Gregorius Bhaskara Wikanendra; Wawaimuli Arozal; Kusmardi Kusmardi; Vetnizah Juniantito; Andrea Laurentius
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 30 No 4, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm30iss4pp269

L-Citrulline shows potential activity as a supplement to prevent myocardial infarction through vasodilative and possible antioxidative effects but may be deleterious by causing nitrosative stress. This study determined the potentially deleterious effects of L-citrulline supplementation in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction with a focus on nitrosative stress. L-Citrulline supplementation was given orally at dosages of 300 or 600mg/kg body weight daily for 6 days. Myocardial infarction was induced in Wistar rats via subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (85 mg/kg body weight (BW)) on day 4 and 5. Blood pressure was measured at the end of the study (day 6) and rats were sacrificed to collect heart tissue samples for a histopathological evaluation. The histopathological evaluation was done using hematoxylin and eosin staining for the myocardial damage evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of arginase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and 3-nitrotyrosine to evaluate nitrosative stress. L-Citrulline supplementation failed to show a significant protective effect on blood pressure and exacerbated the decrease of diastolic blood pressure. Both low and high dose L-citrulline supplementation had a significant protective effect on myocardial damage compared to the isoproterenol group (p<0.01). L-Citrulline also caused increased nitrosative stress as shown by increased expression of arginase-2 and 3-nitrotyrosine on IHC staining but tended to show an ameliorative effect on iNOS expression. A significant increase in arginase-2 expression was detected between the high dose group and the other groups (p<0.01 vs. normal and isoproterenol groups; p<0.05 vs. low dose group). L-Citrulline supplementation increased 3-nitrotyrosine expression in a dose-dependent manner, which was significantly different compared to the normal group (low dose: p<0.013; high dose: p<0.003). L-Citrulline increased the production of nitrosative stress but resulted in less myocardial damage through its other effects.

Response Surface Optimization of Gamma Irradiation Synthesis of Alginate-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles Without Addition of a Hydroxyl Radical Scavenger D. P. Perkasa; W. Arozal; K Kusmardi; M. Syaifudin
Atom Indonesia Vol 48, No 3 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2022.1169

The use of isopropanol as a hydroxyl radical scavenger on the radiosynthesis of alginate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can limit its application in nanomedicine. Meanwhile, optimum condition for gamma irradiation synthesis of alginate-stabilized AgNPs without addition of a hydroxyl radical scavenger has not been reported yet. In this study, the optimization of this process was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Central Composite Design (CCD). The three processing conditions, i.e. radiation dose, precursor silver ion concentration, and alginate concentration were selected as decision variables to maximize two responses in terms of the conversion yield and AgNP concentration responses. The results indicated that the regression model of conversion yield and AgNP concentration fit linearly with the two-factor interaction and the linear model, respectively. The significant effect of the alginate factor on the conversion yield indicates the dual stabilizing–scavenging role of the alginate. The optimum conditions derived from CCD-RSM were obtained at a 20 kGy radiation dose, 7.78 mM precursor silver ion concentration, and 1.2 % (w/v) alginate concentration with the desirability of 0.731. The actual experimental results were 65.43% conversion yield and 480.91 ppm AgNP concentration, which were within the prediction interval at confidence of 95 %. The AgNPs under the optimum condition had a spherical shape, 97.4 % volume of size distribution at 6.50-28.21 nm, and zeta potential of -28.3 mV.

Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Fibrinogen, and D-dimer in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outcome Atmaja, Fredy Wirya; Adiyanti, Sri Suryo; Kristanty, Diyah; Dwira, Surya; Kusmardi, Kusmardi
Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics Vol. 3, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be associated with coagulopathy and DIC. This study aimed to investigate the profiles and differences of PT, APTT, fibrinogen, and D-dimer in COVID- 19 outcome. This retrospective cohort was conducted at Central Laboratory Clinical Pathology Department of dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July – December 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from EHR and compared between poor and good outcome. Ninety-seven subjects were confirmed positive COVID-19, 45 of whom (46.4%) were in poor outcome group, while 52 subjects (53.6%) were in good outcome group. Median of PT 11.0” (9.7-28.3), APTT 38.4” (23.9-121), fibrinogen 484.8 mg/dL (51.2-940.9), and D-dimer 1,800 µg/L (190-35,200). Longer PT, APTT, and higher D-dimer (p < 0.05), while lower fibrinogen (p > 0.05) was found in poor outcome group. There were significant differences of PT, APTT and D-dimer in COVID-19 outcome.

Moringa oleifera Leaves Ethanol Extract Inhibits HT-29 Cells and COX-2 Expression Predictably Through PPARγ Activation Tedjo, Aryo; Aprilliyani, Ifana; Kusmardi, Kusmardi; Megawati, Ajeng; Noor, Dimas Ramadhian
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.89037

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death among all cancer cases worldwide. Cancer cells often exhibit overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), producing prostaglandin E2 (PEG2) and subsequent inflammation and neoplasia. Moringa oleifera is rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins, known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of M. oleifera leaves ethanol extract on COX-2 expression in HT-29 cells. Dried M. oleifera leaves (5 g) were ethanol-macerated for 24 hours, yielding a 10 mg ethanol extract. MTT inhibition is used for immunocytochemistry evaluation of COX-2 expression. Molecular docking of phenolic compounds from the extract on PPARγ indicated an agonistic potential. The ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves demonstrated anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 114.8 µg/ml, with a significant reduction in COX-2 expression observed at a dose of 100 ppm, resulting in an H-score of 111.83 ± 2.21. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) activity is thought to be the first step in suppressing COX-2 expression. Three phenolic compounds found in M. oleifera are predicted to be PPARγ agonists: rutin, naringin, and hesperidin, according to the molecular docking simulations.

Potential of Malang Robusta Coffee Beans as Anti-breast Cancer In-Vitro Utami, Novi Fajar; Elya, Berna; Hayun, Hayun; Kusmardi, Kusmardi; Nur, Syamsu; Fajriati, Annisa
FITOFARMAKA: JURNAL ILMIAH FARMASI Vol 13, No 2 (2023): FITOFARMAKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/jf.v13i2.8922

Robusta coffee from Malang Regency, East Java is one of the superior products of the largest coffee-producing region in Indonesia. The coffee has high antioxidants. The component that acts as an antioxidant is the tannin content, and these tannins are also anti-cancer. Using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method the tannin content in Malang Robusta coffee beans is known and then to measure its ability as an anticancer in-vitro against breast cancer cells using MCF-7. The results showed that the tannin contained in Malang Robusta coffee bean extract was 2.81 % and inhibited MCF-7 at 400 µg/mL, it has potential as an anticancer with an inhibition value of 68.88 %. Therefore, the use of Robusta coffee from Malang at this concentration can be used as an anti-breast cancer agent.

Annona muricata Leaves Extract Inhibit Carcinogenesis and Regulates Inflammatory Responses in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis Mice Indrawati, Lili; Kusmardi, Kusmardi
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 25, No 2 (2024): VOLUME 25, NUMBER 2, August, 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24871/2522024309

Background: Colon cancer is a major public health problem. The present study was conducted to determine the inhibitory effect of Annona muricata leaves on carcinogenesis and inflammation in the colorectal preneoplasia development of mice.Methods: The effect of Ethanol Insoluble Fraction of Annona muricata water extract (EIFAM) was examined on the preneoplastic lesions (aberrant crypt foci), polyps and tumors induced by the carcinogenic agent azoxymethane (10 mg/kg), followed by administered of 1% DSS during a week in drinking water. (EIFAM)was administered orally in three different doses (200 mg/kgBW (low dose), 400 mg/kgBW (medium dose), and 800 mg/kgBW (high dose)) in each group of mice per day until the mice were terminated. The expression of Caspase, COX-2, and β-catenin were observed in the epithelial cells of colon mucosa crypts.Results: The effects of the extract on various organs’ inflammatory markers varies. COX lowering effect of high dose is significant in liver. Medium dose has significant catenin lowering effect on jejenum, colon, and brain. While the medium and high dose have significant catenin lowering effect on duodenum, heart, and kidney respectively. Histological assessment was done in a blinded fashion to avoid bias. Our results indicate that multiple organ dysplasia was induced with azoxymethane (AOM) in male Swiss Webster mice. The effect of A. muricata extract administration showed significant result only on heart. The activity of caspase showed no significant effect on all organs when treated with the extracts as compared to untreated group.Conclusions: Ethanol-insoluble fraction of Annona muricata (EIFAM) leaves water extract is potential to be an anti-colon cancer proven by the extract capability to reduce inflammatory responses.

Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Antioxidant Activities of Tetracera indica (Christm. and Panz.) Merr Ladeska, Vera; Elya, Berna; Hanafi, Muhammad; Kusmardi; Rohmat, Siti Saudah
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.5.836-853

The community uses Tetracera indica (Christm. and Panz.) Merr extensively as a traditional medicine. This plant was the main source of raw materials for herbal medicinal products, so identification was needed to ensure its authenticity through pharmacognosy evaluation. The present study evaluated macros- and microscopic characteristics, performed phytochemical analysis, and performed total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) analysis. The organoleptic and macroscopic studies were carried out through sensory organs. The microscopic characteristics of leaf powder and twigs identification using chloral hydrate and distilled water. Numerous chemical reagents, TLC methods and LC-MS/MS analysis were employed in the phytochemical study. Research employed DPPH and FRAP tests to assess the antioxidant activity. Furthermore, quercetin was used as a marker of antioxidant activity. The morphological marker of the leaf T. indica showed the surface of the leaves is rough bristles, shape elliptic-oblong, margin serratus and phyllotaxy alternate. The stem is lignosus, and the rough stem surface is slightly peeling. The lower leaf surface had paracytic stomata and uniseriate trichomes with tapering ends. Raphide crystals and cork cells were detected in the powder analysis of the twigs. The ethyl acetate extract's twig had the highest TPC and TFC values. Ethyl acetate extract from Tetracera indica twigs has potent antioxidant activity with IC50 = 99.84±0.011 µg/ml (DPPH) and 4296.67±0.024 mol/g (FRAP). The study showed that Tetracera indica contains possible active components that could be developed as novel antioxidants. The result of this study might provide early verification and identification to obtain quality medicinal raw materials.

Co-Authors . Hayun . Syamsudin Adisti Dwijayanti Adriana Viola Miranda Afif Rasyad Agnes Stephanie Harahap Alfred Pakpahan Andrea Laurentius Aniati Murni Anwar S. Ibrahim Anwar S. Ibrahim Aprilliyani, Ifana Ari Estuningtyas Ari Estuningtyas, Ari Ariadi Humardhani Ariffandi, Bagas Arleni Bustami Aryo Tedjo Atmaja, Fredy Wirya Ayu Werawati Azizah, Norma N. Bambang Ponco Priosoeryanto Berna Elya Budiana Tanurahardja Budiana Tanurahardja D. P. Perkasa Dayanto Indro Utomo Dewi Sukmawati Diah Rini Handjari Dian Ratih Laksmitawati Dimas Ramadhian N Ditha Diana Ditha Diana Diyah Kristianty Dwitia Wulandari Endang SR Hardjolukito Endang SR. Hardjolukito Endang Sri Roostini Hardjolukito Enif Esti Triana Ening Krisnuhoni Erlina, Linda Erwina Muhadi Esti Mumpuni Fadhillah, Muhamad Rizqy Fajriati, Annisa Gregorius Bhaskara Wikanendra Ham, Maria Francisca Hamdani Zain Hanum, Sitti Fatimah Hardjolukito, Endang SR Hashim, Najihah M. Hellyanti, Tantri Hendig Winarno Hendig Winarno Heri Wibowo Heru Suhartanto Hikariastri, Pangartika Imelda Setiana Silitonga Irandi Putra Pratomo Ismalasari, Wahyu Jasni Mohammad Zain Juliana Irem Adriana Purukan Karina Rahmaningrum Khatimah, Nurul Gusti Kristanty, Diyah Ladeska, Vera Landyyun Rahmawan Sjahid Landyyun Rahmawan Sjahid Lestari, Tri Wahyuni Lili Indrawati Linggodigdo, Michelle Lisnawati Lisnawati Liviandari, Regina Lubis, Nadar Sukri M. Syaifudin Maris, Stephanie Megawati, Ajeng Mieke Marindawati Muhammad Hanafi Murtiani, Farida Nina Yolanda Putri Noor, Dimas Ramadhian Novi Fajar Utami Nurdin, Wildawati Nurhuda Sahar Pangartika Hikariastri Peni Kistijani Samsuria Ponco Birowo Putri Reno Intan Ramadhian N, Dimas Rani Wardani Hakim Regina Liviandari Rino Patiatta Rizky Clarinta Putri Rohmat, Siti Saudah Shirly Kumala Silitonga, Imelda Setiana Sri S. Ningsih, Sri S. Sri Suryo Adiyanti, Sri Suryo Stephanie Maris Surya Dwira Syamsu Nur, Syamsu Syamsudin Abdillah Syofyan, Stephen Dario Toto Haryanto Triana, Novi Utomo, Dayanto Indro Vetnizah Juniantito Virhan Novianry Vivi Setiawaty Vivitri Prasasty W. Arozal Wahyu Hidayati Wahyu Hidayati Wahyu Ismalasari Wangi, Surya Buana Wawaimuli Arozal Welly Hartono Ruslim Widiantari, Aninda Dinar Wildawati Nurdin Wiwiek Ernajanti Wiyanto, Marwito Yulhasri Yulhasri Yusoff, Marina Yusra Yusra

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