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ISOLATION, SCREENING, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH Acanthus ilicifolius L. IN INHIBITING THE GROWTH OF Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Wiradana, Putu Angga; Anak Agung Ayu Putri Permatasari; I Gede Widhiantara; I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra; Ni Kadek Yunita Sari; Novaria Sari Dewi Panjaitan; Sri Puji Astuti Wahyuningsih; Mochammad Aqilah Herdiansyah
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2025.13090

Abstract

This study examines the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi linked to the mangrove plant A. ilicifolius against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in order to determine their bioprospecting potential.  The surface-sterilized root, stem, and leaf tissues of A. ilicifolius yielded endophytic fungi. The workflow consisted of screening for viable isolates, culture under controlled circumstances, and molecular identification of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) section of fungal rDNA. Antibacterial activity was determined using agar well diffusion tests after extraction with methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvent fractions. A total of 31 endophytic fungal isolates were recovered: 9 from roots, 15 from stems, and 7 from leaves. Among these, 5 isolates from roots (16.1%), 8 from stems (25.8%), and 5 from leaves (16.1%) exhibited inhibitory effects against MRSA. Isolate AK5, derived from root tissue, demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity and was molecularly identified as Chaetomium globosum strain NW 24 (Accession No. MN326469.1). The isolate revealed optimal growth at pH 5–6, with the maximum wet mycelial biomass (29.73 g) achieved on day 24 under shaker incubation. The methanol and ethyl acetate fractions had a considerably greater anti-MRSA efficacy than the n-hexane fraction. Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract indicated the presence of several bioactive components, including phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, indicating that these constituents contribute to the reported antibacterial effects. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of A. ilicifolius-derived endophytic fungi as alternate sources of bioactive compounds for treating antibiotic-resistant infections, specifically MRSA.
ISOLATION, SCREENING, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH Acanthus ilicifolius L. IN INHIBITING THE GROWTH OF Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Wiradana, Putu Angga; Anak Agung Ayu Putri Permatasari; I Gede Widhiantara; I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra; Ni Kadek Yunita Sari; Novaria Sari Dewi Panjaitan; Sri Puji Astuti Wahyuningsih; Mochammad Aqilah Herdiansyah
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2025.13090

Abstract

This study examines the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi linked to the mangrove plant A. ilicifolius against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in order to determine their bioprospecting potential.  The surface-sterilized root, stem, and leaf tissues of A. ilicifolius yielded endophytic fungi. The workflow consisted of screening for viable isolates, culture under controlled circumstances, and molecular identification of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) section of fungal rDNA. Antibacterial activity was determined using agar well diffusion tests after extraction with methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvent fractions. A total of 31 endophytic fungal isolates were recovered: 9 from roots, 15 from stems, and 7 from leaves. Among these, 5 isolates from roots (16.1%), 8 from stems (25.8%), and 5 from leaves (16.1%) exhibited inhibitory effects against MRSA. Isolate AK5, derived from root tissue, demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity and was molecularly identified as Chaetomium globosum strain NW 24 (Accession No. MN326469.1). The isolate revealed optimal growth at pH 5–6, with the maximum wet mycelial biomass (29.73 g) achieved on day 24 under shaker incubation. The methanol and ethyl acetate fractions had a considerably greater anti-MRSA efficacy than the n-hexane fraction. Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract indicated the presence of several bioactive components, including phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, indicating that these constituents contribute to the reported antibacterial effects. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of A. ilicifolius-derived endophytic fungi as alternate sources of bioactive compounds for treating antibiotic-resistant infections, specifically MRSA.
Liposome-based Nanoparticles Encapsulating Vitamin D3 Attenuate IL-6 and TNF-α in a Menopausal Mouse Model Baskara Wiku Adi Kusuma; Sri Ratna Dwiningsih; Ashon As’adi; Sri Puji Astuti Wahyuningsih
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 5 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i5.3796

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D3 is an essential regulator of immune function, however its bioavailability is limited. Liposomes as nanocarriers can enhance vitamin D3 absorption and delivery, however the application of liposomal vitamin D3 in postmenopausal remains underexplored, particularly in preclinical models. Estrogen deficiency during menopause promotes immune dysregulation and elevates proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of liposomal vitamin D3 supplementation on serum vitamin D3, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in an ovariectomy-induced menopausal mouse model.METHODS: Mice were randomly divided into four groups comprising non-surgical control (N), ovariectomized without treatment (D−), conventional vitamin D3-treated (D+), and liposomal vitamin D3-treated (LD). Treatments were administered daily via oral gavage for two months. Serum vitamin D3, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-6 and TNF-α data were analyzed by ANOVA with Duncan’s post-hoc test, while vitamin D3 data were analyzed using the Brown-Forsythe test with Games-Howell post-hoc test (p<0.01).RESULTS: Ovariectomy significantly decreased vitamin D3 levels and increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the D− group. Conventional vitamin D3 supplementation (D+) significantly decreased serum vitamin D3 levels and slightly decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Liposomal vitamin D3 (LD3) significantly increased vitamin D3 levels and decreased TNF-α, only slightly decreasing IL-6. Correlation analysis showed a negative association between serum vitamin D3 levels and both cytokines.CONCLUSION: Administration of vitamin D3 liposomes was able to increase vitamin D3 levels and suppress IL-6 and TNF-α towards normal levels. LD3 offers enhanced bioavailability and anti-inflammatory effects, making it a promising therapeutic strategy for managing menopause-associated inflammation and related systemic disorders.KEYWORDS: menopause, liposomal VD3, inflammation, IL-6, TNF-α
Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects of Red Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Ethanol Extract through In Vitro and In Vivo Colorectal Cancer Models Wahyuningsih, Sri Puji Astuti; Mamuaya, Brigita Klara Krisdina; Dewi, Firli Rahmah Primula; Hapsari, Lukiteswari Dyah Tri; Kusuma, Baskara Wiku Adi; Nurhayati, Awik Puji Dyah
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.367

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Affordable herbal sources such as red okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) pods have gained attention as potential alternative therapies for CRC. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer effects of red okra ethanol extract (ROE) using both in vitro and in vivo colorectal cancer models. The antioxidant activity of ROE was assessed using the DPPH assay, while cytotoxic activity was evaluated using the MTT assay on SW480 and HCT116 cell lines. An in vivo study was conducted using rats divided into six groups: normal control, negative control (MNU 10 mg/kg BW), positive control (MNU + methotrexate 0.08 mg/kg BW), and treatment groups receiving MNU combined with ROE at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW for 28 days. Serum levels of Bcl-2, COX-2, VEGF, and MMP-9 were analyzed, and histopathological evaluations of colon tissues were performed. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s post hoc test. Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. ROE exhibited potent antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 59.66 ppm) and induced cytotoxic effects by reducing SW480 cell growth and inhibiting HCT116 cell proliferation. Moreover, ROE significantly decreased the expression of Bcl-2, COX-2, VEGF, and MMP-9. These biomarkers are associated with apoptosis inhibition, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metastasis, respectively. Histopathological analysis confirming reduced inflammatory infiltration and suppression of colon carcinogenesis. The optimal in vivo dose was 50 mg/kg BW. These findings support the development of ROE as a promising natural agent for colorectal cancer prevention and therapy.
Computational Evaluation of Vitamin D3 Binding to KRAS and TGF-β1 in Colorectal Cancer–Associated Signalling Pathways Shobahah, Jauharotus; Astuti , Wahyuningsih Sri Puji; Herdiansyah, Mochammad Aqilah; Aly, M. Ainun Najib
Jurnal Pijar MIPA Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.11643

Abstract

Vitamin D3 has been widely investigated for its anticancer properties, yet the structural basis of its interaction with key oncogenic signaling proteins remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular interactions between vitamin D3 and KRAS and TGF-β1 using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular docking analysis was performed using AutoDock Vina, followed by molecular dynamics simulation using CABS-flex to evaluate structural stability using root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and radius of gyration (Rg). Comparative benchmarking was performed against the reference inhibitors Sotorasib (KRAS) and Galunisertib (TGF-β pathway). Docking analysis revealed that vitamin D3 binds to KRAS (PDB ID: 4OBE) with a binding affinity of –7.8 kcal/mol, compared to –8.6 kcal/mol for Sotorasib. The interaction was localized within the nucleotide-binding pocket adjacent to the Switch I and Switch II regions, which are critical for conformational regulation. For TGF-β1 (PDB ID: 3KFD), vitamin D3 demonstrated a binding affinity of –8.2 kcal/mol, slightly exceeding that of Galunisertib (–8.1 kcal/mol), with interaction occurring at the receptor-binding interface. Molecular dynamics simulation showed stable complex formation, with RMSD values of 2.79 Å for the KRAS complex and 1.535 Å for the TGF-β1 complex, indicating acceptable structural stability. Residue fluctuation analysis further supported moderate flexibility without global destabilization. These findings suggest that vitamin D3 may function as a multi-target signaling modulator interacting with both intracellular and extracellular regulators of colorectal cancer pathways, providing a structural basis for further experimental investigation.
Co-Authors Achhlam, Divany Hunaimatul Adelah Putri Milenia Sari Agus Supriyanto Ahmar, Rasyidah Fauzia Aini Nurul Alfiah Hayati Almando Geraldi Aly, M. Ainun Najib Amalia Fachrisa Amalia Nur Mashita Andita Ayu Mandasari Anjar Tri Wibowo Ashon As’adi Awik Puji Dyah Nurhayati Bachruddin, Muhammad Bambang Irawan Baskara Wiku Adi Kusuma Baskara Wiku Adi Kusuma Dewi Rahmawati Dita Wahyunita Do, Hoang Dang Khoa Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni Dwi Winarni Fachrisa, Amalia Fatimah Firli Rahmah Primula Dewi Hapsari, Lukiteswari Dyah Tri Hari Soepriandono Hastari Wuryastuti Herdiansyah, Mochammad Aqilah Himawan Sardju I Gede Widhiantara I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra Indri Safitri Mukono, Indri Safitri Indrianawati Usman Intan Ayu Pratiwi, Intan Ayu Intan Permata Putri Intan Permata Putri ISTUNING MA’UNAH Junairiah Junairiah Kamiso H.N. Kushendarsasi Kusuma Eko Purwantari Kusuma, Baskara Wiku Adi Lindiawati Lindiawati Listijani Suhargo, Listijani Lukiteswari Dyah Tri Hapsari Mamuaya, Brigita Klara Krisdina Manikya Pramudya Mochammad Aqilah Herdiansyah Muhammad Hilman Fu'adil Amin Na'ilah Insani Alifiyah Nabilatun Nisa’ Nadia Shoukat Nadyatul Ilma Indah Savira NI KADEK YUNITA SARI Nisa’, Nabilatun Novaria Sari Dewi Panjaitan Permatasari, Anak Agung Ayu Putri Prenggono, Muhamad Darwin Putri, Salsabilla Wiyana Putu Angga Wiradana R. Warsito Rasyidah Fauzia Ahmar Rasyidah Fauzia Ahmar S. Sugiharto Sapto Andriyono Shobahah, Jauharotus Shoukat, Nadia Siti Rahayu Sri Ratna Dwiningsih Sugiharto Suhendra Agung Wibowo Umi Nur Alfiah Ummi Zubaidah Virid Gibson, Virid Vuanghao Lim Vuanghao Lim Win Darmanto