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Pemanfaatan Ampas Kopi Sebagai Sumber Antioksidan untuk Ikan Budidaya: Review Wastu Ayu Diamahesa; Nuri Muahiddah
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Semakin meningkatnya industri akuakultur diiringi dengan peningkatan produksi budidaya ikan yang intensif. Peningkatan produksi tersebut berdampak terhadap status Kesehatan ikan terutama stress oksidatif pada ikan. Upaya untuk meningkatkan umur simpan dari bahan baku pakan telah dilakukan dengan pemberian antioksidan berupa BHT dan EQ untuk membatasi oksidasi lipid. Namun demikian, aplikasinya sudah dibatasi karena diduga berbahaya bagi keamanan dan Kesehatan ikan. Dalam dua dekade telah dilakukan upaya untuk mencari bahan sumber antioksidan alternatif yang berasal dari hasil samping produk agroindustri. Ampas kopi merupakan salah sumber antioksidan yang telah digunakan dalam penelitian pada beberapa ikan budidaya seperti ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus, Olive flounder, dan Ikan White snook Centropomus viridis serta terbukti dapat meningkatkan Kesehatan ikan. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah untuk mereview pemanfaatan ampas kopi sebagai sumber antioksidan alternatif untuk meningkatkan status Kesehatan ikan.

Peningkatan Kualitas Kulit Kopi dengan Metode Fermentasi untuk Budidaya Ikan (Review) Wastu Ayu Diamahesa; Nuri Muahiddah
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Ketersediaan pakan untuk budidaya ikan dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan bahan baku. Telah dilakukan berbagai upaya untuk mendapatkan bahan baku yang ketersediaannya melimpah, murah dan berkelanjutan. Kulit kopi merupakan salah satu hasil samping dari produksi kopi yang potensial dijadikan bahan baku alternatif dalam pakan ikan. Akan tetapi pemanfaatannya masih terbatas karena tingginya kadar serat kasar dalam kulit kopi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan teknologi untuk menurunkan kadar serat kasar dalam bahan tersebut seperti fermentasi dengan menggunakan bakteri probiotik. Hingga saat ini penelitian menggunakan teknologi tersebut masih terbatas sehingga perlu dilakukan review atau studi literatur mengenai status penelitian terbaru mengenai peningkatan kualitas kulit kopi dengan harapan dapat digunakan oleh para peneliti lain untuk melakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk dapat menurunkan kadar serat kasar dan meningkatkan kadar protein kulit kopi.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Bubur Kopi (Coffee pulp) dalam Budidaya Perikanan (Review) Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu; Muahiddah, Nuri
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v3i1.2759

From several decades ago until today, coffee consumption has been a cultural norm. Coffee pulp (CP) is a byproduct of the initial separation of husks or seeds from coffee fruits. The increase in coffee production will lead to an increase in CP residues and refuse, which, if left unchecked, will result in environmental issues. Several previous studies have attempted to address this waste by focusing on organic fertilizer products, enhancing soil conditions, biological control, animal feed, and human sustenance. However, only a small number of researchers have conducted studies utilizing CP, and most of them have not been successful in incorporating this raw material into fish nutrition. Consequently, the purpose of this review is to characterize the potential of CP in the field of aquaculture so that additional research can be conducted using this raw material.

Potensi Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Ari Kopi (Coffee Husk) dalam perikanan (Review) Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu; Muahiddah, Nuri
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v3i1.2760

The global demand for coffee is increasing each year, and as a result, the number of debris that will be generated will also be as large as coffee husks. Therefore, efforts must be made to employ coffee husks. In the disciplines of biogas, fertilizers, bioethanol, biofuels, enzymes, and bioactive compounds, efforts have been made to utilize coffee husks. However, only two researchers have investigated the use of coffee husks as an alternative raw material and preservative for tilapia flesh in the fisheries industry. This article explains the prospective use of coffee husks in the fisheries sector, particularly in fish farming and processing.

Identifikasi VNN dengan Metode PCR pada Ikan Kerapu Cantang (E. fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus): Studi Kasus di BPBAP Situbondo Dina Ahyani; Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v5i1.7280

Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN), caused by betanodavirus, poses a serious threat to the aquaculture of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus), with mortality rates reaching 100% in larval and juvenile stages. This study aimed to develop a VNN detection protocol based on Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center (BPBAP) in Situbondo, East Java, from February to April 2024. The methodology included necropsy for sampling brain and eye tissues, RNA extraction using a silica-based method, two-step amplification (RT-PCR and nested PCR), and visualization of results through 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis. The findings revealed that 2 out of 10 hybrid grouper samples (20%) tested positive for VNN, with the detection of a specific 294 bp DNA band. The developed protocol demonstrated high sensitivity (CT values of 18–22 cycles) and optimal specificity, with no false-positive results. Temporal analysis suggested a periodic infection pattern with an 8-week interval. These results confirm the endemicity of VNN at BPBAP Situbondo and underscore the importance of early detection to prevent mass outbreaks. This study recommends implementing the protocol as part of a molecular-based disease surveillance system, along with further development using quantitative PCR (qPCR) for quantitative analysis. The findings are expected to support sustainable VNN control programs in hybrid grouper aquaculture.

PERAN BINDER DALAM FORMULASI PAKAN UNTUK BUDIDAYA KEPITING BAKAU (SCYLLA SPP.): KAJIAN BAHAN SINTETIS, ALAMI, DAN INOVATIF BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu; Muahiddah, Nuri; Putri Lestari, Dewi
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v5i1.7420

The mangrove crab (Scylla spp.) is a high-value aquaculture commodity, where feed quality—particularly the binder component—significantly influences farming success. This article reviews the role of various binders in mangrove crab feed formulations, including synthetic binders such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), natural binders (seaweed meal, agar, gelatin), and recent innovations such as fermented food waste and combinations with probiotics or black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) oil. Binders not only maintain feed stability in water but also affect growth, survival rate, feed efficiency (FCR), and immune response in crabs. Synthetic binders like CMC exhibit high stability (>24 hours) but are costly and less environmentally sustainable, whereas natural binders such as Gracilaria and agar offer a balance between stability, eco-friendliness, and additional nutritional benefits. The integration of binders with probiotics or BSFL oil has been shown to enhance immunity and growth performance. Binder selection should align with the farming phase—for instance, agar and gelatin are recommended for larval stages, while cornmeal and soy protein concentrate (SPC) are suitable for grow-out phases. This article also provides practical recommendations based on farming objectives, such as using natural binders to reduce water pollution or combining CMC with probiotics for intensive farming systems. This review is expected to serve as a guideline for farmers in selecting optimal binders to support efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable mangrove crab aquaculture.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Bubur Kopi (Coffee pulp) dalam Budidaya Perikanan (Review) Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu; Muahiddah, Nuri
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v3i1.2759

From several decades ago until today, coffee consumption has been a cultural norm. Coffee pulp (CP) is a byproduct of the initial separation of husks or seeds from coffee fruits. The increase in coffee production will lead to an increase in CP residues and refuse, which, if left unchecked, will result in environmental issues. Several previous studies have attempted to address this waste by focusing on organic fertilizer products, enhancing soil conditions, biological control, animal feed, and human sustenance. However, only a small number of researchers have conducted studies utilizing CP, and most of them have not been successful in incorporating this raw material into fish nutrition. Consequently, the purpose of this review is to characterize the potential of CP in the field of aquaculture so that additional research can be conducted using this raw material.

Potensi Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Ari Kopi (Coffee Husk) dalam perikanan (Review) Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu; Muahiddah, Nuri
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v3i1.2760

The global demand for coffee is increasing each year, and as a result, the number of debris that will be generated will also be as large as coffee husks. Therefore, efforts must be made to employ coffee husks. In the disciplines of biogas, fertilizers, bioethanol, biofuels, enzymes, and bioactive compounds, efforts have been made to utilize coffee husks. However, only two researchers have investigated the use of coffee husks as an alternative raw material and preservative for tilapia flesh in the fisheries industry. This article explains the prospective use of coffee husks in the fisheries sector, particularly in fish farming and processing.

Identifikasi VNN dengan Metode PCR pada Ikan Kerapu Cantang (E. fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus): Studi Kasus di BPBAP Situbondo Dina Ahyani; Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v5i1.7280

Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN), caused by betanodavirus, poses a serious threat to the aquaculture of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × E. lanceolatus), with mortality rates reaching 100% in larval and juvenile stages. This study aimed to develop a VNN detection protocol based on Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center (BPBAP) in Situbondo, East Java, from February to April 2024. The methodology included necropsy for sampling brain and eye tissues, RNA extraction using a silica-based method, two-step amplification (RT-PCR and nested PCR), and visualization of results through 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis. The findings revealed that 2 out of 10 hybrid grouper samples (20%) tested positive for VNN, with the detection of a specific 294 bp DNA band. The developed protocol demonstrated high sensitivity (CT values of 18–22 cycles) and optimal specificity, with no false-positive results. Temporal analysis suggested a periodic infection pattern with an 8-week interval. These results confirm the endemicity of VNN at BPBAP Situbondo and underscore the importance of early detection to prevent mass outbreaks. This study recommends implementing the protocol as part of a molecular-based disease surveillance system, along with further development using quantitative PCR (qPCR) for quantitative analysis. The findings are expected to support sustainable VNN control programs in hybrid grouper aquaculture.

PERAN BINDER DALAM FORMULASI PAKAN UNTUK BUDIDAYA KEPITING BAKAU (SCYLLA SPP.): KAJIAN BAHAN SINTETIS, ALAMI, DAN INOVATIF BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN Diamahesa, Wastu Ayu; Muahiddah, Nuri; Putri Lestari, Dewi
Journal of Fish Nutrition Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal Of Fish Nutrition
Publisher : Journal of Fish Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jfn.v5i1.7420

The mangrove crab (Scylla spp.) is a high-value aquaculture commodity, where feed quality—particularly the binder component—significantly influences farming success. This article reviews the role of various binders in mangrove crab feed formulations, including synthetic binders such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), natural binders (seaweed meal, agar, gelatin), and recent innovations such as fermented food waste and combinations with probiotics or black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) oil. Binders not only maintain feed stability in water but also affect growth, survival rate, feed efficiency (FCR), and immune response in crabs. Synthetic binders like CMC exhibit high stability (>24 hours) but are costly and less environmentally sustainable, whereas natural binders such as Gracilaria and agar offer a balance between stability, eco-friendliness, and additional nutritional benefits. The integration of binders with probiotics or BSFL oil has been shown to enhance immunity and growth performance. Binder selection should align with the farming phase—for instance, agar and gelatin are recommended for larval stages, while cornmeal and soy protein concentrate (SPC) are suitable for grow-out phases. This article also provides practical recommendations based on farming objectives, such as using natural binders to reduce water pollution or combining CMC with probiotics for intensive farming systems. This review is expected to serve as a guideline for farmers in selecting optimal binders to support efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable mangrove crab aquaculture.

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