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Fadhlur Rahman
Universitas Islam Negeri Sultanah Nahrasiyah, Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
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Al-Ghazālī's critical arguments against Ibn Sīnā and Al-Fārābī In the incoherence of the philosophers: Is God bound by human logic? Fadhlur Rahman; Umar Latif
Tharwah: Journal of Islamic Civilization and Thought Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Tharwah: Journal of Islamic Civilization and Thought
Publisher : LPPM UIN Sultanah Nahrasiyah Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/tharwah.v4i1.2053

Abstract

This paper examines the philosophical and theological arguments advanced by Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad al-Ghazālī (c. 1058–1111 CE) in his seminal work Tahāfut al-Falāsifa/ “The Incoherence of the Philosophers” (English Version) c. 1095, one of the most substantial texts in the history of Islamic intellectual thought. The study focuses on al-Ghazālī's systematic critique of the Hellenistic-Islamic philosophical synthesis represented by Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī (d. 950) and Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna, d. 1037), whose Neoplatonic-Aristotelian framework had come to dominate elite Muslim intellectual circles at that time. The paper, thus, analyzes seven principal arguments—concerning the eternity of the world, divine knowledge of particulars, bodily resurrection, emanation, necessary causation, divine agency, and the philosophers' claims to demonstrative certainty to reconstruct the logic and theological motivations behind al-Ghazālī's polemic. This paper argues that al-Ghazālī's project is best understood not as an anti-rational rejection of philosophy, but as a principled défense of divine freedom (free will), and personal agency against a Greek-derived necessitarian metaphysics that, in his view, reduced God to a passive metaphysical principle. The study further explores how significance of al-Ghazālī's critique continue to challenge modern thinkers, not only how to define divine action and human knowledge, especially the perennial dialogue between faith and reasoning.
Co-Authors Ade Syarifah Ainol Mardhiah Al-Nahdi, Ali Alemina Alemina Aminuyati Annisaturrahmi, Annisaturrahmi Armanda, Dicky Asirah, Asirah Auliana, Auliana Azmy, Khairul A’la, Putri Nurul Br. Perangin-angin, Alemina Chadtrun Nada Cut Ade Sukma Cut Ade Sukma Dwisa Tastia Susfi Ella Yuzar Ella Yuzar Ella Yuzar Elsya Alfitri Siregar Erlidawati Erlidawati Erlidawati Erlidawati Haekal, Muhammad Indradewa, Rhian Kamarullah Kamarullah Khalsiah Khalsiah Kholid, Mohammad Larisa, Intan Lestari, Umi Hasana Pitri M Nazar Mohammad Kholid Mohammed H. Alaqad Mudinillah, Adam Muhammad Haekal Muhammad Haekal Muhammad Ilham Muhammad Iqbal Munawar Rizki Jailani Munira, Najimah Muntasir Muntasir Muntasir Muntasir Muntasir, Muntasir NASIR, KHAIRUN Nisrina Nizar Saputra Nourma Silvia Ningsih Nurul Fadhillah Nuzulia, Rahma Rahmiaty Rahmiaty Safitri , Rizka Salmina Elvia Amanda Samhudi Samhudi Sari, Dwhy Dinda Siregar, Ahmad Mulia Panigoran Siregar, Elsya Alfitri Siregar, Try Mahendra Siti Hajar Slamet Suwanto Umar Latif Uswatun Hasanah Wanying Zhou Windia Hadi Wulan Dari Zanzibar Zulia, Silvani Zurriyati, Zurriyati