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Journal : E-Journal Of Cultural Studies

POWER RELATION OF PUNGGAWA-SAWI ON FISHERMEN OF BAJO ETHNICS AT TIWORO ARCHIPELAGO, NORTH TIWORO DISTRICT, WEST MUNA REGENCY, SOUTH EAST SULAWESI Marhadi, Akhmad
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 11, Number 3, August 2018
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (690.529 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2018.v11.i03.p04

Abstract

After the coming of globalization flow and ideology of capitalism in Ner Order around 1970s and 1980s until reformation era in 1998 up to now, power relation of punggawa-sawi resulted in hegemony on the group of sawi that had the impact on economic imbalance in the life of Bajo ethnics. This research is a qualitative method. Next, this research used a qualitative method with technique of snowball according to the purpose and objective of research. Result of this research showed that in forming power relation and hegemony of the group of punggawa is done not only directly in recruiting sawi as the worker to collect sea product, but also do the power and hegemony through another punggawa, through capital restriction and restrain of trade. In addition, manipulating regulation of government, power relation and hegemony through trader outside and through security apparatus are also done in recruiting sawi with the purpose of pursuing economic profit. Ideology of capitalism and religiousity is the supporting factor of hegemony towards sawi to happen. In this case, power relation between punggawa and sawi has the implication on ideological aspect that also influences system of knowledge of Bajo ethnics. Besides, this thing also has the implication on economic aspect, namely inegality of incoming between punggawa with sawi, political aspect, namely the involvement of the group of punggawa in practical politic, and has the implication in practical poliytics and has the implicatin on the condition of social stratification in which the change on the system of socil stratification happens on the society of Bajo ethnics.
THE MEANING OF TINGKA RITUALS IN SHIFTING CULTIVATION OF MUNA COMMUNITY SOUTHEAST SULAWESI, INDONESIA La Ode Ali Basri; Akhmad Marhadi; Hisna .; Fatma .; Fetni .
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 16 No 1 (2023): Volume 16 Number 1 February 2023
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2023.v16.i01.p01

Abstract

Most of the Muna community are shifting cultivators who are very dependent on their natural environment, so they always adapt and interact with nature. One of the media used to adapt and interact with nature is ritual tingka. In practice, the ritual tingka contains symbolic messages for nature conservation and a form of human appreciation for nature, flora, and fauna as a whole. The objective of this study was to study and analyze the ecological wisdom of shifting cultivation related to land conservation and the form of human appreciation for nature through farming rituals. This study used a normative survey method which was carried out in seven villages in Muna regency, Southeast Sulawesi. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, observation, and focus group discussions. The collected data were analyzed using flow analysis techniques. The results showed that symbolically the tingka ritual was the institutionalization of knowledge of land conservation through agro forestry patterns, namely by combining the planting of trees such as bamboo, areca nut, kapok with food and secondary crops. Ritual tingka is a form of respect for nature to create a harmonious relationship between the microcosm and the macrocosm, so that farmers are protected from various disasters. Keywords: Shifting cultivation; rituals Itingka; ethnoecology; and Muna community