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A Legal Analysis of the Influence of International Trade on Import Restriction Policies in Indonesia Wiwik Sri Widiarty; Jihyun Park; Tria Sasangka Putra
Jurnal Hukum Vol 41, No 3 (2025): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jh.v41i3.46981

Abstract

This study examines how international trade dynamics influence Indonesia’s import restriction policies, focusing on the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 36/2023 and its amendment, the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 8/2024. The research aims to analyze how global trade commitments, particularly WTO principles such as GATT Articles I and XI, shape Indonesia’s regulatory framework; assess the economic and practical consequences of these restrictions for domestic industries and supply chains; and evaluate the balance between protectionism and trade liberalization, highlighting long-term implications for competitiveness and sovereignty. Using a normative juridical approach, the study reviews primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, including national legislation and international conventions such as WTO/GATT, AFTA, NAFTA, and ACFTA. Legal analysis is conducted qualitatively, focusing on trade regulations, licensing measures, and policy adaptations, complemented by doctrinal interpretation to construct a comprehensive understanding of the legal framework. Findings reveal that while the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 36/2023 sought to protect domestic industries and consumers, it disrupted supply chains and delayed shipments, imposing economic costs. Subsequent relaxations under the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 8/2024 and later reforms in 2025 improved efficiency and balanced deregulation with strategic safeguards. The study underscores the trade-off between short-term protectionism and long-term competitiveness, emphasizing the need for adaptive, transparent, and WTO-compliant policies. Insights from this research provide guidance for strengthening Indonesia’s import regulations while maintaining compliance with international trade obligations.
Institutional Roles and Mechanisms in Upholding Legal Protection Under Consumer Protection Law in the Era of Globalization Wiwik Sri Widiarty; Md Hasnath Kabir Fahim
Jurnal Hukum Vol 40, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jh.v40i2.40717

Abstract

Consumer protection law is essential in safeguarding rights against fraud and unfair practices, relying on both private institutions and governmental enforcement. This study aims to analyze the legal frameworks of consumer protection in Indonesia. It also examines the roles of institutions in the legal enforcement of consumer protection, particularly their function in maintaining the balance of relations between consumers and producers in the context of globalization and extensive online marketing. The methodology employed is normative legal research, which examines Indonesia’s Consumer Protection Law (Law Number 8 of 1999) through the lens of key concepts such as consumer rights, the institutional roles in enforcing these rights, and ensuring fair business practices. The findings underscore the importance of various consumer protection institutions, such as National Consumer Protection Agency (Badan Perlindungan Konsumen Nasional or BPKN), Non-Governmental Consumer Protection Institution (Lembaga Perlindungan Konsumen Swadaya Masyarakat or LPKSM), Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen or BPSK), in Indonesia, which serve to educate, supervise, and assist consumers in resolving disputes with businesses. This study also identifies the challenges in implementing consumer protection law, particularly concerning the broad range of involved institutions, as well as the need for heightened consumer awareness and greater accountability from business actors.
Analisis Yuridis Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU) PT. Pembangunan Perumahan (Persero), Tbk (Studi Kasus Perkara Nomor : 9/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2023/PN.Niaga.Mks) Hasibuan, Pittor Parlindungan; Widiarty, Wiwik Sri; Silalahi, Fernando
Jurnal sosial dan sains Vol. 5 No. 11 (2025): Jurnal Sosial dan Sains
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jurnalsosains.v5i11.32558

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dasar pertimbangan hukum Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Niaga pada Pengadilan Negeri Makassar dalam perkara Nomor 9/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2023/PN.Niaga.Mks yang menetapkan PT Pembangunan Perumahan (Persero) Tbk dalam status Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU), serta menganalisis mekanisme dan instrumen hukum yang kemudian berujung pada pencabutan putusan PKPU tersebut. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan mengadopsi metode pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan studi kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa putusan Majelis Hakim dalam perkara tersebut menimbulkan perdebatan dari sisi kompetensi relatif pengadilan, karena domisili hukum debitur (PT PP Tbk) berada di Jakarta Timur, sedangkan perkara diperiksa di Pengadilan Niaga Makassar. Berdasarkan teori kepastian hukum Gustav Radbruch dan teori keadilan John Rawls, putusan PKPU sementara tersebut dianggap tidak sesuai dengan asas legalitas dan due process of law yang berlaku, serta berpotensi menimbulkan forum shopping dalam praktik peradilan niaga. Lebih lanjut, status PT PP (Persero) Tbk sebagai BUMN menimbulkan implikasi yuridis yang kompleks, mengingat BUMN memiliki peran strategis dalam pembangunan nasional dan sebagian modalnya berasal dari kekayaan negara yang dipisahkan. Oleh karena itu, penerapan PKPU terhadap BUMN harus mempertimbangkan keseimbangan antara kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan kemanfaatan publik. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa terdapat kekeliruan dalam penerapan asas kompetensi relatif oleh Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Niaga Makassar, sehingga putusan PKPU terhadap PT PP (Persero) Tbk perlu dibatalkan untuk menjamin keadilan dan kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan adanya pembaharuan pedoman teknis peradilan niaga dalam menangani perkara PKPU terhadap entitas BUMN agar tidak terjadi tumpang tindih kewenangan dan ketidakpastian hukum di masa mendatang.
Capacity Building in Christian Religious Education, Family Education, and Entrepreneurial Spirit Development: Strengthening Services and Growth of Congregation at Toraja Church in Kuala Lumpur Rantung, Djoys Anneke; SIANIPAR, DESI; Limbong, Mesta; Silvanita, Ktut; Widiarty, Wiwik Sri; Kaliey, Ingrid M
⁠International Journal of Asia Pacific Community Service Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/nfrx9a23

Abstract

This community service program aims to strengthen the effectiveness of ministry and the growth of the diaspora congregation of the Toraja Church in Kuala Lumpur through capacity building in Christian Religious Education, Family Education, and Entrepreneurial Spirit Development. The program was conducted by five lecturers and one student from four study programs at Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI), in collaboration with the Toraja Church in Kuala Lumpur. Based on informal consultations, the congregation expressed a need for training in church ministry, family education, child protection, and entrepreneurial mindset development. The capacity-building activities were delivered through interactive seminars. These activities emphasized strengthening theological understanding of ministry and family, enhancing family communication skills, and introducing practical entrepreneurial principles relevant to the diaspora context. The outcomes of the training indicated increased knowledge, greater confidence in implementing church ministry and family education practices, and heightened motivation to initiate small-scale entrepreneurial efforts. This program demonstrates that an integrative capacity-building model is effective in supporting the holistic growth of diaspora congregations.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Data Pribadi Konsumen Dalam Transaksi E-Commerce di Indonesia Sihombing, Pardamean; Widiarty, Wiwik Sri; Nadapdap, Binoto
Jurnal Sosial Teknologi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi
Publisher : CV. Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i1.32627

Abstract

Perlindungan data pribadi konsumen dalam transaksi e-commerce di Indonesia semakin penting seiring dengan pesatnya perkembangan sektor ini. Kerangka hukum nasional telah diperkuat dengan disahkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kerangka hukum yang ada serta membandingkannya dengan standar internasional seperti General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Uni Eropa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan komparatif (comparative approach) untuk menganalisis kerangka hukum perlindungan data pribadi di Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP) memberikan landasan hukum yang lebih jelas dan komprehensif untuk melindungi data pribadi, dengan menetapkan hak-hak konsumen atas data mereka dan kewajiban bagi pelaku usaha untuk menjaga keamanan dan kerahasiaan data. Namun, meskipun regulasi ini penting, masih terdapat tantangan dalam implementasi dan penegakan hukum yang memadai, terutama dalam menanggulangi kebocoran data dan penyalahgunaan informasi pribadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun UU PDP telah menyediakan dasar hukum yang komprehensif, efektivitasnya masih terhambat oleh ketiadaan lembaga pengawas independen yang operasional, mekanisme penegakan hukum yang lemah, serta rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat. Implikasi dari temuan ini menekankan perlunya percepatan pembentukan lembaga pengawas, penguatan sanksi dan mekanisme penegakan, serta peningkatan literasi digital guna membangun ekosistem e-commerce yang lebih aman dan memperkuat kepercayaan konsumen.
Legality of Protection of MSME Business Actors In Online Buying and Selling Activities In The Digital Era Wiwik Sri Widiarty
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jist.v5i4.995

Abstract

The digital revolution has changed various aspects of life, including the trade sector. The development of information & communication technology (ICT) gave birth to renewable business models, such as e-transactions in buying and selling. However, online transaction activities in purchasing and vending also present various challenges, one of which is related to legal certainty for MSME business actors. This research aims to identify legal certainty problems MSME business actors face in online purchasing and vending. The method used in the study is a normative juridical approach that examines legislation. Data was collected through literature studies related to regulations when carrying out online buying and selling transactions, the rights of MSME business actors, and dispute resolution mechanisms. The data analysis method employed in this study is a qualitative analysis using deductive approaches. The research results show that legal clarity for MSME business actors involved in the online buying and selling process in the digitalization era is important in ensuring that trade transactions carried out via digital platforms occur with transparency, security, and by applicable legal Wprovisions. The law governing online purchasing and vending is based on principles stipulated in Article 34(1) of the 1945 Constitution. It is embodied in Legislation No. 20 of 2008 regarding Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This regulation is the basis for all legal regulations governing MSMEs to provide adequate protection for MSME actors.
Legal Effectiveness in the Application of Halal Product Assurance Certification to MSME Business Actors According to Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Assurance Wiwik Sri Widiarty
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Vol. 5 No. 6 (2024): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jist.v5i6.1123

Abstract

Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Assurance (JPH Law) aims to protect consumers and increase the competitive ability of Indonesian halal products in the world market, which is included in the aspects listed in the JPH Law, namely the obligation for business actors to obtain halal certificates for goods that business actors produce and trade. The focus of the study aims to evaluate the extent of legal effectiveness in the application of halal product assurance certification by MSME business actors. The research method used is qualitative with techniques in collecting data, namely literature studies. After the data is collected, data analysis is carried out which includes the stages of data simplification, data presentation and conclusion making. The conclusion of the study explains that the effectiveness of the law in implementing halal product assurance certification for MSME business actors is still at a low level. Several obstacles were identified, such as lack of knowledge about the JPH Law and the halal certification process, the relatively expensive cost of halal certification, the halal certification process which is considered complicated and convoluted and lack of assistance and socialization from the government.
Debitor Dinyatakan Pailit Akibat Hakim Menolak Mengesahkan Rencana Perdamaian (Homologasi) Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 372/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2020/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst. Sadiqien, Radhitya Arbenvisar; Widiarty, Wiwik Sri; Nadapdap, Binoto
Jurnal Sosial Teknologi Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi
Publisher : CV. Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i3.32725

Abstract

Krisis kesehatan global akibat Covid-19 mengakibatkan gangguan stabilitas keuangan bagi banyak korporasi, tidak terkecuali PT Prioritas Gading Indonesia yang berfokus di bidang properti. Upaya penyelamatan usaha dilakukan melalui pengajuan PKPU, dan langkah ini membuahkan hasil berupa dukungan mayoritas kreditor terhadap rencana perdamaian yang ditawarkan. Melalui analisis Putusan Nomor 372/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2020/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst, penelitian ini mengevaluasi pertimbangan majelis hakim yang menolak pengesahan perdamaian dan dampaknya terhadap status pailit debitor, dengan menitikberatkan pada penerapan asas keadilan serta kelangsungan usaha menurut regulasi yang berlaku. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan doktrin hukum dalam kerangka yuridis normatif, yang hasilnya mengonfirmasi bahwa penolakan pengesahan perdamaian oleh hakim tetap terjadi melalui Pasal 285 ayat (2) walaupun ketentuan suara mayoritas Pasal 281 UUK-PKPU sudah tercapai. Penolakan tersebut menimbulkan konsekuensi hukum berupa pernyataan pailit terhadap debitor serta terbatasnya upaya hukum yang dapat ditempuh. Kondisi ini berimplikasi pada ketidakpastian hukum dan berpotensi mengesampingkan asas kelangsungan usaha, sehingga diperlukan pembaruan regulasi untuk menjamin keseimbangan dan perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak.
Analisa Hukum Pemisahan Peran Social Commerce terhadap Perlindungan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Aufar Rizan, Rangga; Sri Widiarty, Wiwik; Nadapdap, Binoto
Jurnal Sosial Teknologi Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi
Publisher : CV. Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i4.32794

Abstract

The development of globalization and the industrial revolution 4.0 has encouraged trade to switch to the digital realm through Social Commerce. However, this has a negative impact on offline MSMEs, so the government issued Trade Minister Regulation No. 31 of 2023 to limit Social Commerce as a promotional medium. However, this policy has not been effective because business actors such as TikTok Shop are still operating through partnerships with other e-commerce, so the goal of protecting MSMEs is not optimal. This research aims to discuss the alignment of the legal function of the issuance of the Minister of Trade Regulation in separating the role of Social Commerce with the objective of protecting Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises, as well as to examine the efforts of the Government in providing protection to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the era of digital trade. The method of analysis is conducted in a normative juridical manner which involves the study of relevant regulations, by using the theory of legal protection, welfare state theory and people’s economy theory. Researcher finds that the regulation of role separation of Social Commerce has not been effective in protecting Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises, because there are still loopholes that allow the practice of integrated Social Commerce to continue to operate through partnership schemes, so that the objective of the regulation is only formal and has not reflected the actual practice.
Co-Authors Aartje Tehupeiori Aartje Tehupeiori Aartje Tehupeiory Aartje Tehupeiory, Aartje AB Zulfiqar Adi Prasetya Albertus Mario Ari Setyawan Alva Ruslina Andrew Betlehn Andy Rachmat Soeharjono Anggit Suhandono Anwar, Syamsul Musbahul Arifin, Dian Ariyani Nathasya Aufar Rizan, Rangga B. Bulan, Z. Intan Bernard Nainggolan Bernard Nainggolan Bernard Nainggolan, Bernard Bethlen, Andrew Betlehn , Andrew Betlehn, Andrew Betlen, Andrew Binoto Nadapdap Binoto Nadapdap Binoto Nadapdap Binoto Nadapdap Budi Salim Butarbutar, Serirama Charlie S, Julivan Dewi, Silfara Rushana Dhaniswara K. Harjono Dina Kristina Dina Kristina, Dina Dinata, Dinata Dinata, Efran Edy Kurniawan Tampubolon EL.Tobing, Gindo Ema Irmawati Erfan, Erfan Erika Michelle Angel Faozaro Nduru Fatchurochim, Auwalu Fauzan . Fauzan Fauzan Febriyanti, Emilia Ferlyadh, Ferlyadh Fernando Silalahi Gindo EL.Tobing Gindo L Tobing Gindo L. Tobing Gindo L. Tobing Gindo L. Tobing, Gindo L. Grace Rumiris Gultom Hadi, Ditmar Hamzah Fathoni, Muchamad Hanna M. Simanjuntak Hasibuan, Pittor Parlindungan Heryanta, Heryanta Hotben Marchiano Lumban Gaol Hulman Panjaitan Hulman Panjaitan Hulman Panjaitan, Hulman Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani Ignatius Sinar Pandin Jaja Suparman Jephyri Monang Siregar Jian, Zang Huai Jihyun Park John Pieries John Pieries John Pieris Junani, Natalia Kaliey, Ingrid M Kamal, Abu Hena Mostofa Kandou, Heddy Kencanawati, Kumala Khifni, Mokhamad Kristopansen, Kristopansen Lecia, Nana Limbong, Mesta Mamick Rahardian Marchiano Lumban Gaol, Hotben Marihot SIMANJUNTAK Marihot Simanjuntak Mario Ari Setyawan, Albertus Marolop Nainggolan, Richard Md Hasnath Kabir Fahim Meimunah, Meimunah Monang Siregar, Jephyri Muljanto Muljanto Nadapdap , Binoto Nadapdap, Binton Jhonson Nadappdap, Binoto Nainggoan, Bernard Nduru, Faozaro Nilawati Yuddin Noviyanto, Dedi Eka Octovian, Hesekiel Kevin P.S.I Anthonie, Yoshua Pieries, John Pieris, John Pinantoan, Tuamy Prayudi Budi Utomo Purba, Basar Purba, Benyamin Rachmat Soeharjono, Andy Rahardian, Mamick Rantung, Djoys Anneke Rapen A.M.S Sinaga Rizaldi, Ardian Rogate Oktoberius Halawa Rr.Ani Wijayati Rudolf Valentino Saragih Sadiqien, Radhitya Arbenvisar Saputra, Okky Saragi, Paltiada Sedek K.M, Melky Senopati Silam, Veby Sianipar, Desi Sidauruk, Sarjani Sihombing, Pardamean Silvanita, Ktut Simbolon, Timotius Tumbur Sinaga, Comodor Erfisen Sinaga, Dasma Maduma Siregar, Yuliana Minar Puspitasari Sitepu, Yosef Sudjiarto, Tatok Sugiono, Alexander Sukamto, Nur Suprianto Sumantri, Kukuh Dwi Gilang Suparman, Jaja Supratman Ramba, Vermita Sururi Sururi Sururi Sururi, Sururi Suryanto, Parlindungan Swarday, Sryna Rellan Tatawinarta, Barlian Tehupeiori, Aartje Theresia Tiurma Muljanto Thomas Dragono Tjen, Yoel Christopher Tobing, Gindo L Tria Sasangka Putra Tumanggor, Tumanggor Utomo, Prayudi Budi Veby Senopati Silam Veronika, Caroline Walyadi, Doddi Weku F. Karuntu Widjaja, Andi Arif Wijayati, Ani Yanzalinda, Lisa Yuddin, Nilawati Yunita Latuconsina, Rose Z. Intan B. Bulan Zalfa'na, Najma Zulfiqar, AB