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Journal : Medula

The Literatur Review: Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin terhadap Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Laparotomi: - Buana, Faris Agung; Darwis, Iswandi; Marcellia, Selvi; Susianti, Susianti
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1432

Abstract

Hemoglobin is an important protein in the blood whose job is to transport oxygen to body tissues. Low hemoglobin levels (anemia) in laparotomy patients can affect postoperative recovery time, including the duration of hospitalization. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between pre-operative hemoglobin levels and length of stay in laparotomy patients. Data were obtained from medical records of patients who underwent laparotomy at the hospital, including hemoglobin levels before surgery, length of stay, and additional variables such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and Surgical Apgar Score (SAS). The analysis showed that patients with low hemoglobin levels had a greater risk of experiencing longer hospital stays. This is due to suboptimal oxygen supply to the tissue, thereby slowing wound healing and increasing the risk of complications, such as infection and organ failure. Treating anemia with blood transfusions or iron supplementation has proven effective in increasing hemoglobin levels and speeding up patient recovery, with the average length of stay reduced to less than four days. Apart from hemoglobin levels, factors such as BMI, SAS, level of complexity of surgery, and the patient's health condition also influence the length of treatment. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring and correcting hemoglobin levels before surgery as a preventive measure to speed recovery, minimize complications, and reduce hospital operational burden, especially in health facilities with limited resources. Further research is needed to determine the most effective clinical interventions in managing anemia in preoperative patients.
Kandungan Senyawa Aktif Metabolit Sekunder dalam Biolarvasida Annasya, Benazhir Saninah; Mutiara, Hanna; Marcellia, Selvi
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1252

Abstract

Larvicide is a compound that can be toxic, inhibit growth and development, affect behavior, affect hormones, inhibit feeding, and act as a larval killer. Larvicide is divided into two types, namely chemical larvicide and biolarvicide. Chemical larvicide is the larvicide most widely used by the community because it has a large substance strength. However, the use of chemical larvicide can cause damage, especially insects become resistant to drugs, in addition to causing environmental pollution because synthetic larvicide is difficult to decompose and causes poisoning in humans. The use of chemical larvicide can cause damage, especially insects become resistant to drugs, in addition to causing environmental pollution because synthetic larvicide is difficult to decompose and causes poisoning in humans. Therefore, a substitute for chemical larvicide in the form of biolarvicide is needed. Biolarvicide can act as a larval killer, attractant, antifertility agent (sterilization tool), biocide, and other forms that minimally cause drug resistance in insects. Biolarvicide comes from plant materials containing active compounds of secondary metabolites such as essential oils, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolics that can kill mosquito larvae and are obtained by extraction. This article provides a broader explanation of the content of secondary metabolite compounds in biolarvicide so that it can be more effectively used as a larvicide from natural materials. The contents of the article were obtained through searches of several national and international journals through the search keywords: Biolarvicide, secondary metabolites, and active compounds.
Keberadaan Bakteri Coliform dan Escherichia coli dalam Sumber Air Bersih Sebagai Penyebab Diare pada Rumah Tangga: Literature Review Fathia, Nauriel; Utama, Winda Trijayanthi; Marcellia, Selvi; Carolia, Novita
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1293

Abstract

Water is an essential necessity for humans on Earth. Its role is crucial for daily activities, including household needs, industry, offices, and food production. In Indonesia, each person is estimated to require approximately 30–60 liters of water per day, whereas in developed countries, the demand per person ranges between 60–120 liters per day. The feasibility of water usage is regulated based on quality characteristics, referred to as water quality. One of the key indicators related to household water quality is biological parameters, particularly concerning the presence of coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. These bacteria have a fecal-oral entry route, meaning that if consumed in excessive amounts, they can cause gastrointestinal diseases, primarily diarrhea. This study aims to examine the impact of coliform and Escherichia coli contamination in household water sources, leading to diarrhea cases. The research method used is a literature review and analysis. The findings indicate that the presence of Escherichia coli in household water sources, especially in areas with poor sanitation, poses a high health risk, particularly increasing the likelihood of diarrhea. Several factors contribute to this contamination, including the proximity of wells to pollution sources, inadequate waste management, and improper well construction that does not meet safety standards. These conditions suggest that environmental sanitation and the distance between water sources and potential contaminants play a significant role in water quality and public health. Through this study, it is expected that the community will be more aware of the importance of maintaining clean water used for household needs to prevent diarrhea-related diseases.
Manuver Epley dan Brandt-Daroff Dalam Penatalaksanaan Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) Hafidah, Hazima Hasna; Marcellia, Selvi; Apriliana, Ety
Medula Vol 14 No 10 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i10.1383

Abstract

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo with a case prevalence of 1.6% globally. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo due to changes in head position. BPPV disease is caused by the transfer of otoconia to the semicircular canal, stimulating the vestibulocochlear nerve resulting in symptoms of vertigo, nystagmus, and becoming more sensitive to head movement. The impact is significant on the physical, psychological, and quality of life aspects of the patient. This literature review discusses the mechanism, effectiveness, and success rate of Epley and Brandt-Daroff maneuvers. Data were obtained from relevant literature with data sources coming from Pubmed, NCBI, and Google Scholar.  The results of the literature review showed that the Epley maneuver has high effectiveness with a cure rate of up to 92% within one week and a significant reduction in sequelae, especially in the modified Epley maneuver. In addition, the Brandt-Daroff maneuver proved to be effective for self-treatment at home with gradual improvement of vertigo symptoms. Both methods have advantages, such as the flexibility of the Brandt-Daroff maneuver and quick results in the Epley maneuver, but have certain limitations in patients with comorbid conditions. The conclusion of this literature review shows that the Epley maneuver is the first choice in the treatment of BPPV due to its higher effectiveness, while the Brandt-Daroff maneuver can be used as an alternative.