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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian E-jurnal Agro-Industri Indonesia Reaktor Agrikultura Microbiology Indonesia BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Agrointek Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Buletin Teknologi Pasca Panen Journal of Engineering and Management in Industrial System Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship (IJBE) Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences agriTECH Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Science and Technology Indonesia Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology EDUFORTECH Journal of Tropical Crop Science Menara Perkebunan Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications (MECHTA) Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan ABDI PUSTAKA: Jurnal Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Proceedings of International Conference on Multidiciplinary Research Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Prosiding Seminar Nasional Universitas Serambi Mekkah PERTANIAN TROPIK Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR) Makara Journal of Science Makara Journal of Technology Jurnal Natural Journal of Sciencce Technology and Visual Culture JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
Titi Candra Sunarti
Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor Jl. Lingkar Akademik, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680; Telp. (0251) 8621974
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Journal : Science and Technology Indonesia

 1 
Potential of Tropical Seaweed Carageenan in Applications of Soft Capsule as a Replacement for Gelatin: A Review Hidayat, Taufik; Syamsu, Khaswar; Sunarti, Titi Candra; Nurilmala, Mala; Manalu, Lamhot
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.4.1288-1300

Abstract

Carrageenan, a natural sulfated polysaccharide extracted from red seaweed, has gained significant attention in the development of drug delivery systems, particularly as a capsule-forming material. With its biodegradable, biocompatible, and gel-forming properties, carrageenan offers great potential as a plant-based alternative to animal-derived gelatin. This review evaluates the potential of carrageenan, especially iota-carrageenan, in the production of soft capsules as a gelatin substitute, and compares the characteristics of carrageenan-based hard and soft capsules. Soft capsules are generally formulated with iota-carrageenan and plasticizers such as glycerol to achieve optimal flexibility, while hard capsules utilize kappa-carrageenan due to its stronger gel texture. Structural modifications, including depolymerization and polymer blending, have been reported to improve viscosity, elasticity, and disintegration time of carrageenan capsules. Nevertheless, limitations remain, such as high viscosity and slower disintegration compared to gelatin-based capsules. Therefore, formulation optimization and advanced extraction techniques are essential to enhance carrageenan capsule performance. Future research should emphasize cost-effective and high-purity extraction methods, engineered depolymerization processes, and the modification of kappa-carrageenan to exhibit iota-like flexibility. These strategies are expected to advance the feasibility of tropical seaweed-derived carrageenan as a sustainable and halal-compliant material for pharmaceutical capsule applications.
Co-Authors Adisalamun Adisalamun Adriana, Savira Astri Adwiyani, Pustika Agus Setiyono AHMAD JUNAEDI Aisyah, Nadira Akhmad Endang Zainal Hasan Alifiya Herwitarahman Anas Miftah Fauzi Andi Nurul Aulia Sari Andika Susantri Ani Suryani Ani Suryani Ani Suryani Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Anuraga Jayanegara Anwar, Irvan Aris Purwanto Asep Wawan Permana Asep Wawan Permana, Asep Wawan Asrianti Basri Asrianti Basri Ayu Rahayu SARASWATI Bambang Prasetya Basri, Asrianti Basri, Asrianti Besty Maranatha Birahy, Deford Cristy Bruce A. Welt, Bruce A. Cahyana, Purwa Tri Christina Winarti Christina Winarti Dede Heri Yuli Yanto Dedi Fardiaz Devi Ambarwaty Oktavia Dewi Diniaty Djumali Mangunwidjaja Djumali Mangunwidjaja Djumali Mangunwidjaja Djumali Mangunwidjaja Djumali Mangunwidjaja Dwi Setyaningsih Efri Yulistika Eka Putri EKA RURIANI Eka Ruriani EKA RURIANI Elisa Julianti Elly Rosyidah Endang Warsiki Endang Warsiki Erliza Noor Euis Hermiati Evi Savitri Iriani Evi Savitri Iriani, Evi Savitri Faqih Udin FARAH FAHMA Fauzan, RM Muhammad Nur Februadi Bastian Feri Kusnandar Ferry Mutia Fiora Helmi Frangky J. Paat Glisina Dwinoor Rembulan Hadi Karia Purwadaria, Hadi Karia Hari Eko Irianto Hartami Dewi Hartrisari Hardjomidjojo Hasrul Satria Hasrul Satria, Hasrul Ifah Munifah Ika Amalia Kartika Ilham Marvie Indah Yuliasih IRA ERDIANDINI, IRA Irmayanti Irmayanti Irmayanti Irmayanti, Irmayanti Iskandar Lubis Kendri Wahyuningsih Kendri Wahyuningsih, Kendri Khaswar Syamsu Kirana Sanggrami Sasmitaloka Kurniawan Yuniarto Kurniawan, Dede Yudo Laily, Noer Lala Nurmala Machfud Machfud Mala Nurilmala Manalu, Lamhot Maranatha, Besty Marimin , Matasik, Delfania Maya Melati Mohamad Syamsul Ma’arif Mulyorini Rahayuningsih MUTIA, FERY NAOMI, APRILIA Nastiti Siswi Indrasti Nida El Husna Niken Financia Gusmawati NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK Nisfatin Shofiana Nur Richana Nuri Andarwulan Odi Andanu Ono Suparno Paramuji, Muji Pasaribu, Fatimah J Petrus Adam Pramana, Yanuar Sigit Purwanto, Yanuar Jarwadi Purwoko Purwoko RAMADHAN, ZULFA AULIA Ratna Ekawati Ratna Ekawati Ridwansyah Ridwansyah Rijanti Rahaju Maulani Rijanti Rahaju Maulani Rijanti Rahaju Maulani Rini Purnawati Rismawati . Roh santoso Ronny Soputan Rosyidah, Elly Ruka Yulia SAFITRI NURLAELA Salfauqi Nurman, Salfauqi Sanbein, Primus Sapta Raharja Setyo Purwanto Singgih Wibowo Sitti Rahbiah Akram SOFIYANTO, M. EDY Stanislaus Aditya Agung Sugiyanta Sugiyanta Sugiyanta Sukard Sumarni Nompo Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suryanegara, Lisman Suyono, Meisy Nawang Taufik Hidayat Tjahja Muhandri Tryanisa Ridla Amalia Utomo, Prasetyo Hadi Vestika Iskawati Wahidul Hijah Wahyu Widosari Wahyudin, Cecep Ijang Wawan Hermawan Widiatmaka Widiatmaka Widosari, Wahyu WULAN, RAHAYU Yandra Arkeman Yaya Rukayadi Yuana Susmiati Yulia, Ruka YULIANA, META YULIN LESTARI Yunus Triyonggo, Yunus Yusmiati Yusmiati Zahrani, Siti Mutia