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Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin dan Ureum terhadap Tingkat Kematian Pasien Leptospirosis Zelindrah, Virgil; Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati
Jurnal Keperawatan Vol 15 No 4 (2023): Jurnal Keperawatan: Supp Desember 2023
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Kendal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32583/keperawatan.v15i4.2085

Abstract

Leptospirosis berasal dari bakteri genus leptospira yang dapat ditularkan dari hewan ke manusia. Setiap tahunnya, sekitar 1,03 juta kasus terjadi di seluruh dunia dengan 58.900 kematian. Di Indonesia, dilaporkan 920 kasus leptospirosis yang menyebabkan 112 kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin dan ureum dalam darah dengan tingkat kematian pada pasien leptospirosis. Menggunakan 80 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dari rekam medis 45 bulan terakhir, penelitian ini menggunakan metode uji chi-square. Hasilnya menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik (p < 0,05) antara kadar hemoglobin dan ureum dengan tingkat kematian pada pasien leptospirosis. Terdapat faktor-faktor tertentu yang dapat menjadi penyebab dari temuan ini.
STUDI KOMPARATIF INVITRO AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL, FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAN ISOLAT AKTIF KULIT DELIMA (PUNICA GRANATUM L.): In Vitro Comparative Study Antioxidant of Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate Fraction And Active Isolate of Pomegranate Peel (Punica Granatum L.) Sri Wahyuni; Iin Novita Nurhidayati Mahmuda; Maryati; Aditya Putra Perdana; Maharotullaili Nur Azizah
Biomedika Vol 15, No 1 (2023): Biomedika Februari 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i1.1751

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) is widely used for health. Pomegranate peel is part of the pomegranate fruit which is often discarded and has not been widely used. Pomegranate peel is thought to contain antioxidants. One of the examinations for antioxidants is the 1,1 dipheyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, by calculating the IC50 value, where the smaller the IC50 value means that the stronger of antioxidant potential. The purpose of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and the active isolate from pomegranate peel. The antioxidant potency was tested using the DPPH, using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer, at 515 nm wavelength. Isolation of isolates was carried out by column chromatography shepadex and TLC with toluene as mobile phase; ethyl acetate : formic acid : methanol, with a ratio of 3:3:0.8:0.2. The purity of the isolate was detected by HPLC, with water-methanol as the mobile phase. The research results showed that 96% ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and active isolate from pomegranate peel have potential as antioxidants with IC50 4.52 ± 0.00, 2.71 ± 0.01, and 0.979 x 10-5 ± 0.00 µg/mL, respectively, the positive control was vitamin C, had an IC50 3.66 ± 0.02 µg/mL. The conclusion of this study is that pomegranate peel isolate has the strongest antioxidant potential, compared to 96% ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of pomegranate peel, and even vitamin C. ABSTRAK Delima (Punica granatum L) banyak dimanfaatkan untuk kesehatan. Kulit delima merupakan bagian dari delima yang sering kali dibuang dan belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Kulit delima diduga memiliki kandungan antioksidan. Salah satu pemeriksaan antioksidan adalah dengan metode 1,1 dipheyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), dengan menghitung nilai IC50, dimana semakin kecil nilai IC50 dapat diartikan bahwa semakin kuat potensi antioksidannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan aktivitas antioksidan dari ektrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat, dan isolat aktif kulit delima. Potensi antioksidan diuji dengan metode DPPH, dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, pada panjang gelombang 515 nm. Isolasi isolat dilakukan dengan kromatografi kolom shepadex dan KLT dengan fase gerak toluene: etil asetat: asam format: metanol, dengan perbandingan 3:3:0.8:0.2. Kemurnian isolat di deteksi dengan HPLC, dengan fase gerak air-metanol. Hasil peneiltian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96%, fraksi etil asetat dan isolat aktif dari kulit delima memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan, dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing sebesar 4,52 ± 0,00; 2,71 ± 0,01; dan 0,979 x 10-5 ± 0,00 µg/ mL, sebagai kontrol positif vitamin C memiliki nilai IC50 3,66 ± 0,02 µg/ mL. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa isolat kulit delima memiliki potensi antioksidan terkuat, dibandingkan ekstrak etanol 96% dan fraksi etil asetat kulit delima, bahkan juga vitamin C.
High Mortality Among Clinically Pneumocytis Pneumonia Infection in Low CD4 HIV Patients: Case Series Nurhidayati Mahmuda, Iin Novita; Harioputro , Dhani Redhono; Susilo , R. Satriyo Budhi; Sumandjar , Tatar; Arifin , Arifin
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.3823

Abstract

Objective: The number of HIV cases in Indonesia reached a peak in 2019 with 50,282 cases dispersed over 407 of 507 districts and cities (or 80%) of the country's provinces. Central Java is the province after DKI Jakarta and East Java which has a mortality of 12.41 and an HIV/AIDS prevalence of 22% of all cases. High mortality in HIV patients influenced by very low CD4 count ≤ 50 cells/mm3. Identification of clinical characteristics, risk factors and causes of death is very important to carry out optimal management of HIV/AIDS for delaying the progression of infection and saving lives. Design and method: We identified three patients with newly diagnosed HIV between January to April, 2023. We provide demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory examination, chest x-ray imaging and final outcome. Results: We presented 3 newly diagnosed HIV patients. They are still young < 40 years old, the majority have BMI < 18.5. Major opportunistic infections are oral candidiasis (100%), Pruritic Popular Eruption (PPE), pulmonary infection due to Tuberculosis, Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and bacterial pneumonia. Hematological alteration dominated by anemia. Increased of transaminase enzyme and hyponatremia are also common. All patients had CD4 count < 20 cells/mm3, only one patient survived. Causes of death were pulmonary infection mainly due to clinical PCP. Conclusion: PCP is one of the fatal opportunistic infections in HIV. It is necessary to be diagnosed as early as possible so that patients can start Anti-Retro Viral (ARV) at an early stage to improve prognosis.
Correlations between Age and Hypertension on Diabetic Foot Ulcer Marsya, Vitania; Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati; Lestari, Nining; Jatmiko, Safari Wahyu
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2023.8.2.622

Abstract

Background:  Diabetic foot ulcer is a wound located on the foot of a diabetic patient, which is related to peripheral neuropathy or arterial disease. Hypertension can be related to diabetic foot ulcer by its mechanism that caused peripheral artery disease. Age also can be the one of risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers, because aging occurs a reduction of insulin secretion, even insulin resistance. Insulin resistance occurs in macroangiopathy. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between age and hypertension with diabetic foot ulcers.Subjects and Method:  This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Arafah Islamic Hospital Rembang, Central Java. The dependent variable is diabetic ulcers. The independent variables were age and hypertension. A sample of diabetic patients using medical records from January 2022-June 2022. Data were collected using purposive sampling and analyzed using the Chi-Square test, and regression logistic test.Results:  Significant correlation was found between age (OR= 3.80; 95% CI= 1.38 to 10.57; p<0.001) and hypertension (OR= 8.12; 95% CI= 2.70 to 24.40; p<0.001) with a diabetic foot ulcer.Conclusion:  There is a significant correlation between age and hypertension with diabetic foot ulcers.Keywords:  age, hypertension, diabetes, diabetic foot ulcers.Correspondence:  Nining Lestari. Bachelor of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Jl. A. Yani, Mendungan, Pabelan, Kartasura, Sukoharjo 57162, Central Jawa, Indonesia. Email: nl209@ums.ac.id. Mobile: +62852-2939-0353Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(02): 179-185https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.02.07 
Perempuan Usia Muda Penderita DM Tipe 2 dengan Multikomplikasi: Laporan Kasus Lian Adhalia; Iin Novita Nurhidayati Mahmuda
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 51 No 12 (2024): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v51i12.1090

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive chronic metabolic disease characterized by an increase in blood sugar due to insulin resistance. Uncontrolled diabetes will cause various acute and chronic complications. The case is a young DM patient with complications of hyperosmolar hyperglycemia status, cerebral ischemia, and pressure ulcers.
Early Diagnosis and Successful Treatment of Falciparum Malaria Yaasiin, Putri Isa Maharani; Mahmudah, Iin Novita Nurhidayati
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2024: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/iseth.5533

Abstract

Purpose: Malaria remains a major global health challenge, especially in tropical and subtropical regions such as Indonesia. Plasmodium falciparum, the most dangerous species, is associated with severe complications. This report highlights the importance of early detection, appropriate treatment, and increased public awareness in reducing malaria's impact. Methodology: This case involves a 34-year-old male patient who presented with high fever, weakness, muscle pain, and nausea for two months. The patient had a history of residing in Papua, a malaria-endemic area, and had been treated previously only with fever medication. Laboratory tests confirmed Plasmodium falciparum infection. The patient received antimalarial therapy and supportive care at PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta Hospital. Results: Following treatment, the patient's condition improved within 24 days. The laboratory findings confirmed the presence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, and the administration of the appropriate therapy led to recovery. Applications/Originality/Value: This case emphasizes the critical need for early detection and timely intervention in malaria treatment, particularly in endemic regions. It also highlights the significance of public health measures aimed at preventing the spread of malaria and increasing awareness of its symptoms and available treatments. Prompt and effective treatment can significantly reduce the severity and prevent complications of malaria, making early intervention key to managing this disease effectively.
Concurrent Dengue and Malaria Infection : A Case Series Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati; Harioputro , Dhani Redhono; Susilo, R. Satriyo Budhi; Arifin , Arifin; Sumandjar , Tatar
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.7898

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria and dengue are endemic in Indonesia, and therefore, may result in the possibility of co-infection. Urban demographic expansion, deforestation, and agricultural settlements in peri-urban areas are known causes of the increase in the probability of concurrent infection of these two diseases. It is reasonable to envisage that the occurrence of concurrent infections would not be rare, mainly during outbreaks of dengue in the rainy season. However, due to non-systematic investigation of both diseases, only a few cases of malaria and dengue co-infection have been reported. These three patients demonstrated co-infection manifestations with good outcomes and prognoses. Case Illustrations: Two cases of co-infection of malaria vivax and dengue fever in male patients aged 35 and 43 years. The difference between these two cases is that one patient had experienced a previous episode of malaria with a fever lasting less than 5 days. Meanwhile, one patient who had never suffered from malaria experienced a relatively longer fever episode, up to 14 days. Thrombocytopenia in these two patients was still above 50,000/µL and rose quickly after anti-malarial administration. The third case was a 47-year-old woman with co-infection of malaria falciparum and dengue. This woman lived in Papua and had been infected with malaria before. This third case showed platelet numbers reaching levels as low as 38,000/µL and hypotension without signs of shock in the critical phase of dengue. The three patients did not show complications from other organs due to malaria or dengue and responded well to antimalarials with good outcomes. These patients were treated with a combination of DHP and primaquine, along with supportive care for fever and fluid management. Conclusion: Whenever co-infection is confirmed, we recommend careful monitoring for bleeding and hepatic complications, which may result in a higher chance of severity. Careful and intense monitoring of fluid requirements is necessary to avoid complications of fluid overload.
Correlation between Probable or Non-Probable Leptospirosis with Laboratory Findings: Based on Leptospirosis Case Definition and Faine Criteria Citra Saputra, Rada; Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati; Utami, Musrifah Budi; Pinakesty, Angiesta; Mubaraq, Syahrun El; Srirojanakul, Sirada
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v13i2.56564

Abstract

The incidence of leptospirosis is increasing globally, and developing countries are no exception. Leptospirosis cases are called the tip of the iceberg phenomenon, even though misdiagnosis, underdiagnosis, and underreporting still occur in health services. Thus, it leads to delays in leptospirosis treatment and may result in increased mortality rate from severe leptospirosis infection (Weil's disease). This study was to establish an accurate diagnosis by optimizing the Faine criteria. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach to examine faine criteria and laboratory examinations. We collected data from medical records from the Karanganyar General Hospital and the PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta Hospital. We processed the data using SPSS version 25. The total number of samples was 42. They were divided into women (19%) and men (81%). Based on the definition category of leptospirosis cases, there were 2.4% probable group (score criteria faine part A 20-25) and 97.6% not-probable group (score criteria faine part A <20). Bivariate analysis (Chi-Square test) showed that there was no significant correlation between Faine Part A criteria and serological tests in both groups (p=0.874) as well as Hb (p=0.522), thrombocytopenia (p=0.265), leukocytosis (p=0.197), and neutrophilia (p=0.710). Loss of sodium and potassium didn’t show significant data (hyponatremia p=0.174; hypokalemia p=0.311; hypocalcemia p=0.131) not as in tropical diseases. The approach to diagnosis of leptospirosis cannot be performed using only Part A criteria, Faine, even though the patient was included in the probable definition category, even though the Faine Part A criteria score is 20-25 or ≥26.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI JUMLAH CD4 PASIEN HIV AIDS YANG DITERAPI ANTIRETROVIRAL: STUDI LITERATUR Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati; Herdiana, Nandya; Pinakesty, Angiesta; Ruswandi, Poetrie Wulandari; Juwita, Triana Rahma
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 13th University Research Colloquium 2021: Kesehatan dan MIPA
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Salah satu cara untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan, angka kematian, membatasi penularan serta penyebaran penyakit, dan mengurangi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan HIV/AIDS adalah dengan terapi antiretroviral, yang salah satu keberhasilannya dinilai dari perbaikan imunologis dan diketahui bahwa cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) sebagai penanda status kesehatan sistem imun, maka pemeriksaan CD4 dapat digunakan untuk menentukan pasien yang memerlukan pengobatan profilaksis infeksi oportunistik (IO) dan terapi antiretroviral. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi jumlah CD4 pada pasien HIV/AIDS yang diterapi antiretroviral. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian literature review atau kajian literatur. Sumber penelitian diambil dari beberapa database dengan kata kunci “("increase CD4" AND "decrease CD4" AND "hiv" OR "human immunodeficiency virus" AND "acquired immunodeficiency syndrome" AND "antiretroviral")”. Dari 612 artikel, terdapat 8 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria retriksi. Dari beberapa artikel tersebut didapatkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi angka CD4 adalah jenis kelamin, usia, stadium klinis, jumlah CD4 awal, kepatuhan dalam terapi antiretroviral (yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, seperti dukungan sosial, tingkat pendidikan, penggunaan ponsel, jenis kelamin, waktu kunjungan ke tempat pelayanan kesehatan, faktor ekonomi), jumlah viral load, ada tidaknya koinfeksi tuberkulosis (TB), dan infeksi hepatitis C (HCV). Faktor yang mempengaruhi jumlah CD4 pada pasien HIV/AIDS yang diterapi antiretroviral adalah jenis kelamin,, usia, stadium klinis, kepatuhan pasien dalam terapi antiretroviral, jumlah CD4 awal, jumlah viral load, dan ada tidaknya infeksi oportunistik (TB, HCV).
Obesitas Sebagai Faktor Risiko Keparahan Pada COVID-19 Aqmarina, Nadia Wdihi; Risanti, Erika Diana; Mahmudah, Iin Novita Nurhidayati; Jatmiko, Safari Wahyu
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 13th University Research Colloquium 2021: Kesehatan dan MIPA
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Obesitas diketahui sebagai peradangan kronis derajat rendah. Hal ini menjadi faktor yang dapat menyebabkan keparahan pada gejala COVID-19. Gejala COVID-19 dinyatakan dalam asimptomatis hingga kritis dan obesitas dicurigai memiliki peran dalam tingkat keparahan COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara obesitas dengan tingkat keparahan COVID-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 13 Desember 2020 pada mesin pencarian Pubmed, Science Direct dan Google Scholar dengan memasukkan kata kunci (obesity OR overweight) AND risk factor AND (severe OR severity) AND fatality rate AND (COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR Novel coronavirus). Selanjutnya dilakukan skrining sesuai dengan kriteria restriksi yang telah ditetapkan dan mengelompokkan artikel penelitian dalam tabel lalu diurutkan sesuai alphabet nama peneliti. Data yang sudah terkumpul selanjutnya dilakukan penarikan kesimpulan, sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak 11 artikel berasal dari Negara Italia, China, New York, USA dan Prancis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya hubungan antara BMI dan nilai risiko yang menyebabkan keparahan pada COVID-19. Semakin tinggi kenaikan angka BMI akan memberikan nilai risiko yang lebih tinggi pula. Keparahan penyakit ditandai dengan penggunaan alat bantu pernafasan (IMV, NIV, oksigenasi dan ECMO), penggunaan ruang ICU, penurunan PaO2 dan SaO2 serta hipoksemia.
Co-Authors Adhalia, Lian Aditya Putra Perdana Affifah, Fathiyya Noor Afifah, Fathiyya Noor Akbar Wardhana Angiesta Pinakesty Aqmarina, Nadia Wdihi Arifin , Arifin Astuti, Prihatin Puji Azahra Khansa Muza Azarine Marwah Bahrodin, Bahrodin Busyra Cahyo, Febrian Dwi Citra Saputra, Rada Dessy, Dessy Devi Usdiana Rosyidah Doni Priambodo Dwi, Raafika Studiviani Em Sutrisna Erika Diana Risanti Fairuz Ulfah Faizah, Ishmah Nur Fauziah, Nida Faradisa Febrian, Rizky Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa Fuad Gandhi Torizal Harioputro , Dhani Redhono Herdiana, Nandya Ilhami, Afiq Zakie Indriyati Oktoviano R Iwan Setiawan Izzati, Sofi Filda Jati, Izzah Tsaqoofah Juwita, Triana Rahma Kadarsih, Wulan Kamila, Aulida Azkia Kania, Yulia Intan Khairunnisa, Reza Khotik, Laisa Kurnia Retnowati Kurnia Retnowati, Kurnia Lian Adhalia Listiana Masyita Dewi Maharotullaili Nur Azizah Marhamah, Nisrinah Marsya, Vitania Maryati Maslahah, Syah Fillia Nurul Maulana, Yudrik Maya Monica Manurung Metana Puspitasari Mubaraq, Syahrun El Nadia Wdihi Aqmarina Nanda Dhea Ayu Sawitri Nanda Dhea Ayu Sawitri Nandya Herdiana Naruma, Anteng Nining Lestari Nisa, Faridita Khoirun Nofaldi, Fakhri Nugrahaeni, Sarwasri Fajra Nugraheni, Frida Asfarina Nurkusumasari, Nanda Oktafiani, Niken Sari Oktoviano R, Indriyati Pinakesty, Angiesta Poetrie Wulandari Ruswandi Prasetyo, Andri Sugeng Priscillah, Wildan Putra, Catur Permana Putriyantiwi, Idoviari Raafika Studiviani Dwi Binuko Rajendra, Hafish Harfian Raniah, Siti Fairuz Ratnasari Bondan Wijayanti Rezki, Yuniana Nur Riandini Aisyah Ripdianti, Arum Dyah Rochmadina Suci Bestari Ruswandi, Poetrie Wulandari Safari Wahyu Jatmiko Sahilah Ermawati Santi, Tika Melandya Sifak, Sheila Faadhila Siti Soekiswati Sri Wahyu Basuki Sri Wahyuni Srirojanakul, Sirada Subekti, Tyas Hanurita Sulistyani Sulistyani , Sulistyani Sulistyani Sulistyani Sumandjar , Tatar Susilo , R. Satriyo Budhi Susilo, R. Satriyo Budhi Sutanto, Bambang Syafitri, Ferika Dian Syah, Devan Adil Taroeno, Suryo Aribowo Tri Agustina, Tri Triana Rahma Juwita Tyas Hanurita Subekti Utami, Musrifah Budi Wibowo, Muhammad Irfan Sulystyo Wildan Priscillah Yaasiin, Putri Isa Maharani Yamsun, Rahmat Dani Yudrik Maulana Yuniana Nur Rezki Zelindrah, Virgil