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All Journal Reaktor Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Konversi Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering (JCPE) Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Communications in Science and Technology Jurnal Crystal : Publikasi Penelitian Kimia dan Terapannya Teknomekanik Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Journal of Bioprocess Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Journal of Community Engagement Research for Sustainability SAINSTEK Estungkara: Jurnal Pengabdian Pendidikan Sejarah Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Rekayasa: Jurnal Penerapan Teknologi dan Pembelajaran
Amun Amri
Department Of Chemical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Riau University
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF LI [NIXCOYMN1-X-Y] O2 CATHODE MATERIALS FOR LI-ION BATTERIES HENDRI, YOLA BERTILSYA; Heni Sugesti; Zuqni Meldha; Lisa Legawati; Salma Liska; Yogi Yolanda; Amun Amri
Jurnal Crystal : Publikasi Penelitian Kimia dan Terapannya Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Literasi Artikel Penelitian Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36526/jc.v7i2.6193

Abstract

Abstract Li[NixCoyMn1-x-y]O2 layered oxides Cathode Materials are among the most widely studied cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries due to their high gravimetric and volumetric energy density compared to other type cathode materials. However, the practical deployment of Ni-rich NCM materials is hindered by severe degradation mechanisms, including cation-mixing, surface reconstruction, electrolyte reactivity, transition metal dissolution, and oxygen release, which compromise cycling stability and safety. This review systematically synthesizes recent progress in advanced modification strategies designed to mitigate degradation in Li[NixCoyMn1-x-y]O2 cathodes. The discussion is structured into four major approaches: (i) surface modification, which employs protective coatings to suppress interfacial reactions and stabilize the cathode–electrolyte interphase; (ii) elemental doping, which strengthens the lattice, reduces cation mixing, and inhibits oxygen evolution; (iii) single-crystal engineering, which eliminates grain-boundary failure and improves thermal stability; and (iv) concentration-gradient architectures, which alleviate internal stress and enhance the durability of Ni-rich cathodes. Empirical evidence demonstrates that these strategies not only extend cycle life but also provide mechanistic insights into the underlying degradation pathways. By consolidating findings from recent experimental, this review highlights the necessity of integrating structural, chemical, and morphological interventions to realize the full potential of Ni-rich NCM cathodes. The insights presented offer a framework for designing safer, higher-performance, and commercially scalable lithium-ion batteries. Abstrak Li[NixCoyMn1-x-y]O2 berbasis oksida berlapis merupakan salah satu material katoda yang paling banyak dikaji dalam pengembangan baterai litium-ion. Keunggulan utamanya terletak pada kerapatan energi gravimetri dan volumetri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jenis katoda lain. Namun demikian, penerapan praktis material NCM kaya nikel masih menghadapi sejumlah kendala serius akibat berbagai mekanisme degradasi, antara lain pencampuran kation, rekonstruksi permukaan, reaktivitas dengan elektrolit, pelarutan logam transisi, serta pelepasan oksigen. Mekanisme-mekanisme tersebut secara langsung menurunkan stabilitas siklus dan tingkat keselamatan baterai.Ulasan ini menyajikan sintesis sistematis mengenai perkembangan mutakhir strategi modifikasi lanjutan yang dirancang untuk menekan degradasi pada katoda Li[NixCoyMn1-x-y]O2. Terdapat empat pendekatan utama yang dibahas, yaitu: (i) modifikasi permukaan, melalui penerapan lapisan pelindung guna menekan reaksi antarmuka dan menstabilkan lapisan katoda–elektrolit; (ii) doping unsur, yang berfungsi memperkuat struktur kisi, mengurangi pencampuran kation, serta menekan evolusi oksigen; (iii) rekayasa kristal tunggal, yang mengatasi kegagalan pada batas butir sekaligus meningkatkan stabilitas termal; dan (iv) arsitektur gradien konsentrasi, yang mampu meredam tegangan internal dan memperpanjang daya tahan katoda kaya nikel. Hasil-hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi tersebut tidak hanya memperpanjang umur pakai siklus, tetapi juga memperkaya pemahaman tentang mekanisme degradasi yang mendasari. Dengan mengintegrasikan temuan-temuan eksperimental terbaru, ulasan ini menegaskan pentingnya perpaduan intervensi struktural, kimia, dan morfologis untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja katoda NCM kaya nikel. Wawasan yang dihadirkan sekaligus menawarkan kerangka konseptual bagi pengembangan baterai litium-ion yang lebih aman, berkapasitas tinggi, dan memiliki prospek komersialisasi yang luas.
Facile and Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Low-defect Few-Layers Graphene (FLG) Using Combined Shear Exfoliation Methods Amri, Amun; Wulandari, Revika; Fabryza, Dhina; Sunarno, Sunarno; Heltina, Desi; Bahri, Syaiful; Sarma, Deki; Miran, Hussein A.; Rahman, M. Mahbubur; Altarawneh, Mohammednoor; Jiang, Zhong Tao
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 57 No. 5 (2025): Vol. 57 No. 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.5.4

Abstract

This study presents an environmentally friendly and scalable method for synthesizing high-quality few-layer graphene (FLG) through a combination of turbulence-assisted shear exfoliation (TASE) and high shear exfoliation (HSE) techniques. By systematically varying the high-shear mixer (HSM) speed (3000–5000 rpm) and processing time (1–3 hours), we precisely controlled key material attributes, including the number of graphene layers, crystallinity, lateral size, and defect density. Optimal conditions (5000 rpm, 3 hours) resulted in FLG with ~2–3 layers, confirmed by a symmetric 2D peak with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of ~35 cm⁻¹ and a high I2D/IG ratio (~0.6), indicating excellent structural integrity. The ID/IG ratio (~0.1) further verified the presence of minimal defects, predominantly edge vacancies rather than oxidative disruptions. Raman imaging revealed a dominance of zigzag edge chirality, while TEM and PSA analyses demonstrated control over lateral size (~396.5 nm) and particle uniformity. The application of household dishwashing liquid as a green surfactant innovatively enabled selective and pure exfoliation. This work highlights how precise modulation of shear parameters can directly influence graphene quality, paving the way for sustainable large-scale production of low-defect FLG.
Performance Test of Methylene Blue Degradation Using TiO₂–Graphene Oxide Composite Synthesised from Coconut Shells Heltina, Desi; Fesya Putri, Andini; Fauziyah, Hidayatul; Peratenta Sembiring, Maria; Amri, Amun; Tao Jiang, Zhong
Rekayasa Vol. 23 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rekayasa.v23i1.32529

Abstract

Industry produces textile liquid waste which contains dangerous compounds such as methylene blue which can damage the environment. One effective method to overcome this problem is to use a TiO2 nanocomposite-based photocatalyst modified with Graphene Oxide (GO). GO is obtained from the synthesis of coconut shells, which is a biomass waste. This research aims to synthesize and display the performance of a TiO2/Graphene Oxide composite photocatalyst from coconut shells in degrading methylene blue. The TiO2/Graphene oxide nanocomposite synthesis method begins by carbonizing coconut shells to form graphite. Carbonization removes volatile compounds and produces a rich carbon structure, which is the initial requirement for the formation of GO. Synthesis of GO from graphite using the Hummer method. Synthesis of TiO2/Graphene oxide composite using a solvothermal process with various GO mass ratios. The performance of the photocatalyst was tested for degradation using methylene blue. Analysis of the TiO2/Graphene Oxide Composite using XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET characterisation and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results show that at GO of 15%, the composite showed the highest surface area and optimal anatase crystallinity, resulting in the best degradation efficiency (70%). Graphene Oxide is synthesized from coconut shell biomass waste. This research shows that the TiO₂–Graphene Oxide composite has high efficiency in degrading dangerous synthetic dyes from textile industry wastewater through an efficient photocatalytic mechanism. This composite application is an application of technology that contributes directly to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 6 (Clean Water and Adequate Sanitation), through the development of sustainable, efficient and environmentally friendly waste processing technology.
Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts NaOH/CaO/C From Eggshells for Biodiesel Production Using Off-Grade Palm Oil Hawa, Karfika Ainil; Helwani, Zuchra; Amri, Amun
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i1.14610

Abstract

A heterogeneous catalyst, such as Calcium Oxide (CaO), is widely used in biodiesel production due to its various advantages over homogeneous ones. The optimum condition for synthesizing this catalyst is determined by calcination temperature and mass ratio. As a result, a modification is required to increase its performance in improving the biodiesel yield. In this study, eggshell waste was modified by calcination, hydration, and dehydration methods integrated with activated carbon and NaOH. It is used as a heterogeneous base catalyst for off-grade palm oil transesterification reactions. The results shows the catalyst with the highest activity is obtained at calcination temperature of 800c and mass ratio of 7 to 3. This is achieved with transesterification reaction conditions, which include a mole ratio of methanol/oil 6 to 1, catalyst concentration of 6%-b oil, and temperature 70c for 3 hours, yielding 79.08% of the biodiesel. Additionally, CaO, Na2CO3, and Ca (OH) 2 materials were found in the catalyst with a catalyst alkalinity value of H greater than 9.3 through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Several methyl esters, such as palmitate and oleate were also found in biodiesel through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.
Difusi Produk Intermediate Baru Very Few Layers Graphene (VFLG) dan Produk Turunannya oleh Inkubator Bisnis Graphene Guard Amri, Amun; Yenti, Silvia Reni; Heltina, Desi; Herman, Syamsu; Aziz, Azridjal; Nadhifah, Evi; Ekwarso, Hendro
Journal of Community Engagement Research for Sustainability Vol. 2 No. 5 (2022): September
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/cers.2.5.217-226

Abstract

Product diffusion of very few layers of graphene (VFLG) and its derivative (car/motorcycle polish) has been carried out by the Graphene Guard business incubator. The steps and strategies began with discussions in a discussion group forum (FGD) inviting experts in order to find the best marketing patterns. In this case the Canvas method was chosen as a marketing strategy. As a follow-up to the results of the FGD, several activities were carried out. Improvements to the system and production capacity were carried out by adding production equipment, innovating production systems and creating production automation systems. The next step was to design brand and logo activities as well as product labels. The design and manufacture of online and offline sales systems were carried out to follow up on increasing production capacity. To increase the effectiveness of marketing, promotional activities were carried out in the form of advertising, creating brochures, production videos and participating in exhibitions. The results obtained indicated that the marketing of the new intermediate product, very few layer graphene (VFLG) and its derivative products in the form of car polishes, was still experiencing diffusion problems, as evidenced by the low sales capacity. This was realized because this product was a new product and was not yet known to the public. Especially for VFLG products, the additional obstacle was that this product was an intermediate product, thus only certain groups of people need it. Evaluation steps are needed for continuous improvement in order to continue to strengthen the diffusion of this product in society.
Pembuatan Hand sanitizer Alami Dengan Memanfaatkan Tumbuhan Daun Sirih (Piper betle Linn) dan Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia s.) pada Ibu-ibu PKK di Desa Tanjung Berulak Sunarno; Yenti, Silvia Reni; Fadli, Ahmad; Wisrayetti, Wisrayetti; Amri, Amun
Journal of Community Engagement Research for Sustainability Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Maret
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/cers.3.2.87-94

Abstract

Excessive use of hand sanitizers can cause negative side effects on the skin such as irritation. This is because hand sanitizers on the market are made from alcohol. Therefore, the effort that can be done is by making innovative hand sanitizer products that utilize natural ingredients. Community service activities carried out in Tanjung Berulak Village located in Kampar District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province aimed to provide knowledge about training in making natural hand sanitizers from betel leaves and lime. This activity aims to educate the people of Tanjung Berulak Village, especially PKK women so that they can make their own hand sanitizers at home by utilizing materials available in the surrounding environment such as betel leaves and lime with mixing method. The stages of activities carried out in this service program include the socialization stage, the demonstration stage for making hand sanitizers, and the discussion stage. The implementation of the activity of making natural hand sanitizers was demonstrated directly to PKK women in Tanjung Berulak Village. The number of participants who took part in the socialization was 20 PKK women from Tanjung Berulak Village. The results of the service show that the people of Tanjung Berulak Village are very enthusiastic about participating in the socialization of making hand sanitizers from betel leaf and lime and can practice it in their respective homes.
The Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Padat dari Limbah Pertanian dan Peternakan di Desa Batu Belah Kabuputen Kampar Sunarno, Sunarno; Yenti, Silvia Reni; Fadli, Ahmad; Wisrayetti, Wisrayetti; Amri, Amun; Zultiniar, Zultiniar; Alfarizi, Cory Dian; Azis, Yelmida
Journal of Community Engagement Research for Sustainability Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Januari
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/cers.3.1.63-69

Abstract

Batu Belah Village is one of the villages located in the Air Tiris sub-district, Kampar Regency, with residents who mostly have a livelihood in agriculture. To increase the fertility of agricultural soil, fertilizer is needed. So far, the fertilizer commonly used is chemical fertilizer, but the price is relatively expensive, especially during the growing season, so it is necessary to find a solution to replace this chemical fertilizer. Organic solid fertilizer is a fertilizer that is friendly to the environment. This fertilizer can be made from agricultural and livestock waste, so it is very suitable to be developed in Batu Belah Village. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge and skills of the community in the technology of making organic solid fertilizer from agricultural and livestock waste. This service activity consists of two stages, namely a presentation on fertilizer manufacturing technology and the practice of making solid organic fertilizer with the farming community of Batu Belah village. The benefit of this activity is that the farming community can make their own organic solid fertilizer from agricultural and livestock waste, so that the cost of fertilizing on agricultural land can be reduced. Thus the income of the farming community can increase.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Abdul Rasyid Amrin Abid, Hussein Rasool Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Adrianto Ahmad Affandi Affandi Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Aisyah Dewi Ranti, Aisyah Dewi Akbar, Irfan Sarhadi Alfarizi, Cory Dian Ali Novia Altarawneh, Mohammednoor Aman aman Aman Aman Aman, Azka Aminati, Ikha Setya Amir Awaluddin Amri, Evelyn Andrizal Andrizal Ani Suryani Anjani, Putri Annisa Rahmat Apriadi Rio Ari Sandhyavitri Arisman Adnan Assylzhan, Mazhibayev Azhar, Muhammad Rizwan Azhari Harahap Azridjal Aziz Bahri, Ahmad Syaiful Bahruddin Bahruddin Bahruddin Bahruddin Bahruddin Benny Ahmadi Bona Tua Chairul Chairul Chairul Damayanti, Elok Deden Saprudin Dedeng Hermoyo Derry Hanriansyah Pratama Desi Heltina Dhini Octavianty Dimas Nofriyan Dwi Setyo Pambudi, Yoyok Ekawati, Lestari Elmira, Kambarova Erliza Hambali Esty Octiana Sari Esty Octiana Sari Eva Rantika Evelyn Evelyn Evelyn Evelyn Evelyn Evi Nadhifah Fabryza, Dhina Fajar Restuhadi Fajrina Qaishum Fakhri, Fakhri Fauziyah, Hidayatul Febri Riandi Febrizal Ujang Febryza, Dhina Feby Pratama Nugraha Fesya Putri, Andini Firman syah Fitri, Lara Ismano Fitria, Anisa Fri Murdiya, Fri Gilang Fathurrahman Gilda Miranda Gussyafri Hasnul Bustaman Hawa, Karfika Ainil Hawa, Karfika Ainil Hendri, Yola Bertilsya Hendro Ekwarso Heni Sugesti Heri Rahmana Indra Yasri Irwan Irwan Is Sulistyati Isna Rahma Dini Iwantono Iwan Barnawi Jhon Armedi Pinem Jiang, Zhong Tao Jumbri, Khairulazhar Karfika Ainil Hawa Khairat Khairat Khairat Khusnul Ain Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Lisa Legawati Lucy Rahmawati M. Fauzan Akbar M. Iwan Fermi Malindo, Muhammad Eri MAYANG SARI Mayangsari Mayangsari Meliagustin, Adilla Michael Hutapea Miran, Hussein A. Mochamad Reizal Ath Thariq Monita Olivia Muhamamad Rizky Zuriadi Muhammad Shalahuddin Muhammad Shalahuddin Muhammad Sugandi Muhammad Zaqi Muhdarina Nisa Mulya Novan, Andre Novia Azzahra Nurhayati Nurwijayanti Nurwulandari Saputri Ohi, Hiroshi Oktariandi, Vito Paul Destin Purba Peratenta Sembiring, Maria Perdana, Rendy Putra Peter Peter Prawiranegara, Barata Aditya Puji Rahmawati Dwi Sukma Putra, Rahmat Ade Putri Arini Putri Husni Hidayah, Putri Husni Putri, Diana Eka Rahayu, Ricky Puji Rahmadahana, Suci Rahman, M. Mahbubur Rahmansyah Rahmansyah Rahmat Kurniawan Nasution Rahmi, Sri Wahdini Ramadhan Ramadhan Rani Handayani Reni Yenti, Silvia Reski, M. Rifati Hanifa Rino Rinaldi Rizka Aulia Hardi, Rizka Aulia Rizky, Muhammad Dian Rozanna Sri Irianty Russita Martani Russita Martani Rusydy ' Salma Liska Saputra, Adika Saputra, Fakhri Sari Rahma Yanti Sari, Esty Octiana Sarma, Deki Septian, Handika Setia Utama, Panca Setiani Br Manurung Silvia Reni Yenti Silvia Reni Yenti Suci Afrianti Sukoco Sukoco Sukoco Sukoco SUNARNO Sunarno Sunarno Sunarno SYAIFUL BAHRI Syamsu Herman Syelvia Putri Utami Syukri Hamdani Tafrikhatul Walidah Tao Jiang, Zhong Utama, Panca Setia Voadi, Salsabilla Diva Wilda Zakiah Windy Odelia Putri Wira Irawan Rossani Wisrayetti Wisrayetti Wisrayetti Wisrayetti Wisrayetti, Wisrayetti Wulandari, Revika Yang, Chun-Chen Yelmida Azis Yolanda, Yogi Yopalim Zanstra Yosi Alwinda Yosi Alwinda, Yosi Yusnimar Sahan Z Zulfansyah Zikri, Ahmed Zuchra Helwani, Zuchra Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar, Zultiniar Zuqni Meldha