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Legal Certainty of Music Royalties in Commercial Public Spaces: Constitutional Court Decision No. 28/PUU-XXIII/2025 Muhammad Dwi Sakti Rahim; Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Nurul Fazri Elfikri
Nusantara: Journal of Law and Islamic Law Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Nusantara: Journal of Law and Islamic Law
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/nusantara.v2i1.389

Abstract

Ambiguous stipulations in the Indonesian Copyright Law regarding royalty liabilities have historically disadvantaged performing artists through double claiming. This normative legal research examines Constitutional Court Decision 28/PUU-XXIII/2025 utilizing statutory, conceptual, and case approaches to evaluate its profound impact on music royalty governance. The analysis demonstrates that the ruling decisively resolves normative uncertainty by attributing strict royalty liability directly to commercial event organizers, simultaneously mandating objective statutory tariff standardization. Nevertheless, the discussion reveals persistent structural impediments concerning post-ruling implementation within the creative economy. These cPagelenges encompass low legal compliance among commercial users due to inadequate socialization, jurisdictional dualism between national and sectoral collective management organizations, and profound transparency deficits within the digital music information system. Consequently, while this landmark judicial intervention successfully restores normative legal certainty and protects creators' fundamental economic rights, realizing substantive justice necessitates comprehensive administrative harmonization, advanced digital transparency, and sustained legal education to foster optimal industry compliance.
Weaknesses of E-Commerce Regulations in Protecting Couriers from Consumer Default Risk in COD Transactions Diwan Jagad Raya Mohamad; Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Fitran Amrain
Dalihan Na Tolu: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): Dalihan Na Tolu: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEAN Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The rapid growth of e-commerce and cash-on-delivery (COD) transactions in Indonesia has exposed a critical regulatory gap: delivery couriers remain legally unprotected against consumer default, despite bearing substantial operational and financial risks. This study examines the weaknesses of Indonesian e-commerce regulations in protecting couriers from consumer default in COD transactions. Employing a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by empirical data from semi-structured interviews with couriers and documentation of dispute cases, this study reveals two fundamental regulatory failures. First, the current legal framework, particularly Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, remains trapped in an outdated bipartite paradigm that recognizes only consumers and business actors, rendering couriers legally invisible and devoid of clear legal standing. Second, existing protections are exclusively repressive, responding to harm only after disputes or violence occur, while no preventive mechanisms such as mandatory compensation schemes, buyer verification systems, or accessible dispute resolution exist to deter consumer default or mitigate couriers' economic losses. Consequently, couriers bear the entire risk of default despite having no control over product quality or consumer conduct. This study concludes that legislative reform is urgently needed to recognize couriers as distinct legal subjects and to establish preventive-protective regulations ensuring justice for essential workers in Indonesia's digital economy.
Implementation of Spousal Rights and Obligations in Kawin Turun Marriage, South Kotamobagu Gavinna Mantali; Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Fitran Amrain
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.290

Abstract

This study examines how spousal rights and obligations are implemented in the Kawin Turun marriage practice in South Kotamobagu. Kawin Turun is a socially negotiated marriage conducted after premarital pregnancy, but the husband commonly leaves the wife after the marriage ceremony. Using empirical legal research with a qualitative approach, this study draws on interviews, observation, and legal materials concerning marriage law and customary practice. The findings show that the legal bond of marriage does not automatically produce substantive domestic life. The husband’s obligations to provide maintenance, protection, and residence are weakly fulfilled because economic readiness and cohabitation are absent. The wife’s domestic role is also constrained because household management occurs without spousal support. This gap reveals limited legal protection for women and children when customary settlement dominates formal marital obligations. The study concludes that Kawin Turun requires preventive legal education, Religious Affairs Office supervision, and community-based intervention by local institutions.
Juridical Study of Forest Area Conversion into Agricultural Land in Tamit Village Handipan H. Ali; Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Fitran Amrain
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.321

Abstract

This study analyzed the juridical changes in the function of forest areas into agricultural land in the village of Tamit, Bunobogu District. The research uses empirical legal methods with a socio-legal approach through observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results showed that land use by the community obtained a legal basis after the area of Tamit village was designated as another Use Area (APL) based on SK 6624/MENLHK-PKTL/KUH/PLA.2/10/2021. Legal certainty is strengthened through land certification, especially PTSL programs, which transform factual control into juridical rights. However, Forestry supervision is still needed so that land use does not exceed APL limits. The synchronization of forest, land, and community participation laws is the key to legal protection.
Urgently Regulating Gacha Microtransactions as Digital Gambling in Indonesian Consumer Protection Theory Moh. Zidhan Madina; Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Fitran Amrain
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.322

Abstract

The urgency of microtransaction regulation through the in-game gacha system developed by miHoYo as a form of practice that potentially resembles digital gambling. The gacha system raises legal issues because players spend money to acquire virtual items at random with no certainty of outcome. This research uses normative legal method with legislation, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of the study indicate that Indonesia does not yet have specific regulations governing the gacha system, causing a legal vacuum in the protection of digital consumers. Gacha practices also potentially violate the principles of transparency, fairness, and consumers ' right to truthful, clear, and honest information. Therefore, special arrangements are needed that regulate the transparency of opportunities, age restrictions, transaction supervision, and responsibility of digital game business actors.
International Legal Regulations on Coastal Conservation of Coastal Boundary Lands Across National Borders in the Digital Era Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Zainal Abdul A. Hadju; Yassine Chami; Sri Nanang Meiske; Ramadhan Usman
Lex Scientia Law Review Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): November, 2025: Law, Policy, and Governance in Contemporary Socio-Economic Tran
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lslr.v9i2.12719

Abstract

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provides a comprehensive legal framework for protecting and preserving the marine environment, including coastal areas. This study examines the application of international legal regulations regarding coastal conservation and jurisdictional management of coastal lands between Indonesia and Malaysia in the digital era. Employing a normative and qualitative approach, the research analyzes secondary data from legal materials of both countries, using a comparative method to identify similarities, differences, and points of convergence between their legal systems. In Indonesia, digital transformation by the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency has enhanced transparency and efficiency in land management; however, policy adjustments are still needed for effective coastal ecosystem protection. Meanwhile, Malaysia, with its long and erosion-prone coastline, has implemented various laws and policies, including Coastal Zone Management (CZM), to address issues such as erosion and pollution. Although both countries face similar challenges and opportunities, their approaches differ. Indonesia needs to optimize its policies to effectively protect coastal ecosystems, while Malaysia requires adjustments in implementing its existing laws and policies. Challenges such as overlapping jurisdictional authority, funding limitations, and the need for stakeholder involvement remain significant obstacles. Therefore, successful coastal land management in both countries requires better integration of legal policies, environmental conservation efforts, and digital technology to achieve sustainable outcomes.
The effectiveness of KONI pre-arbitration in the settlement of National Sports Disputes Mohamad Alim Rifay Thalib; Fence M. Wantu; Dolot Alhasni Bakung
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.249

Abstract

This study analyzes the effectiveness of KONI pre-arbitration in resolving national sports disputes and protecting athletes’ rights. The issue is significant because sports disputes require mechanisms that are faster, more adaptive, and more compatible with sports governance than ordinary litigation. This normative legal research uses statutory and historical approaches, supported by legal interpretation of primary regulations, organizational documents, and relevant scholarly literature. The findings show that KONI pre-arbitration has three strategic functions: facilitating internal deliberation, filtering disputes before formal arbitration, and serving as a procedural gateway to the Indonesian Sports Arbitration Board. Its effectiveness depends on clear operating standards, formal documentation, administrative support, institutional compliance, and consistent protection of athletes affected by organizational or contractual disputes. Strengthening standard procedures, minutes of settlement or deadlock, referral mechanisms, and administrative enforcement is therefore necessary to ensure legal certainty, prevent prolonged conflict, and safeguard athletes’ professional interests effectively within the national sports system.
ANALISIS KONSEKUENSI HUKUM DARI STATUS KEPEMILIKAN DAN PELAKSANAAN DALAM PINJAMAN ILEGAL Adis Dwi Artamevia Udjulu; Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Fitran Amrain
Public Sphere: Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan dan Hukum Vol 5, No 2 (2026): JPS (Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan dan Hukum)
Publisher : CV Widina Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59818/jps.v5i2.3042

Abstract

Illegal lending practices in Pinolosian Subdistrict raise legal issues concerning the validity of loan agreements and their consequences for contractual performance, collateral ownership, and debt collection. This study aims to analyze the invalidity of illegal loan agreements under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code and examine their legal consequences for loan principal, collateral, and the creditor’s civil liability. The research employs an empirical legal method with a socio-legal approach using interviews, observations, document analysis, and legal materials. The findings show that illegal loan agreements fail to satisfy the objective requirement of a lawful cause and are therefore null and void. Nevertheless, the principal amount received by the debtor remains repayable as actual performance, whereas interest, penalties, and additional charges have no binding legal effect. The collateral remains the debtor’s property, while debt collection through intimidation or unilateral seizure may constitute an unlawful act that gives rise to civil liability for the creditor. ABSTRAKPraktik pinjaman ilegal yang berkembang di Kecamatan Pinolosian menimbulkan persoalan mengenai keabsahan perjanjian dan konsekuensi hukumnya terhadap pelaksanaan prestasi, status barang jaminan, serta tindakan penagihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis ketidaksahan perjanjian pinjaman ilegal berdasarkan Pasal 1320 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata serta mengkaji akibat hukumnya terhadap uang pinjaman, barang jaminan, dan tanggung jawab perdata kreditur. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis-sosiologis melalui wawancara, observasi, studi dokumen, dan analisis bahan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian pinjaman ilegal tidak memenuhi syarat objektif berupa sebab yang halal sehingga batal demi hukum. Meskipun demikian, pokok pinjaman tetap wajib dikembalikan sebagai prestasi nyata, sedangkan bunga, denda, dan biaya tambahan tidak memiliki kekuatan mengikat. Barang jaminan tetap menjadi milik debitur, sementara penagihan melalui intimidasi atau penguasaan sepihak dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum yang menimbulkan tanggung jawab perdata bagi kreditur.
Disparity in the Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel between Indonesia, the Philippines and the United Kingdom Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Thanh Nga Pham; Mohamad Hidayat Muhtar
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Contemporary Global Issues on Law Reform, Legal Certainty, and Justice
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.vol5i1.2122

Abstract

There is a legal vacuum that regulates the settlement and legal consequences of pre-contractual promises between parties in Indonesia. This research aims to examine the legal application of the Promissory Estoppel Doctrine in filling legal gaps while comparing it with a number of Common Law countries, including England, which implemented this doctrine earlier. This research uses normative legal research using a comparative approach, case approach and conceptual approach. The sources of legal materials in this research consist of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The application of the Promissory Estoppel doctrine to the Indonesian legal system can be done because there are similarities between the legal system in common law (England, the Philippines) and the legal system in Indonesia, so that courts in Indonesia can use this doctrine to fill legal gaps. Pre-contracts have been regulated in such a way both through legislation and the application of relevant legal doctrines in a number of developed countries. with the doctrine of promissory estoppel, an agreement that has not fulfilled certain conditions or objects, in this case a pre-agreement, can protect a party who has placed a trust in another party in the process of carrying out negotiations which causes him to carry out certain legal actions (rechtshandeling) and causes the birth of reliance. loss. Promissory estoppel is an important concept in English law however, the legal requirements for promissory estoppel may differ from country to country.
Legal education and land mediation as an effort to build legal certainty on border land in Dembe I Village Dolot Alhasni Bakung; Zainal Abdul Aziz Hadju; Fitran Amrain; Sofyan Piyo; Nurul Fazri Elfikri; Akbar Hidayatullah Daud; Muhamad Khairun Kurniawan Kadir
Society : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): Juli
Publisher : Edumedia Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55824/qfnr7x42

Abstract

Border Land Management in coastal areas often presents juridical and social problems, including in Dembe I Village, Gorontalo City. Communities in this region face uncertainty about the legal status of the boundary land they occupy, although some have pocketed title certificates. The lack of legal understanding, the absence of village mediation institutions, and overlapping land administration add to the complexity of the problem. The thematic real work lecture (KKN) Program Phase II of Gorontalo State University was implemented to respond to these problems through a participatory and collaborative approach. The methods taken include legal counseling with the National Land Agency and the Faculty of law, citizen dialogue forums, participatory mapping, and the preparation of operational standards for land mediation procedures. The results of the activity showed an increase in Community Legal Literacy, the birth of critical awareness about the differences in formal rights and functions of space, as well as the drafting of mediation SOP documents as a local instrument for non-litigation dispute resolution. The conclusion of this activity confirms that the law can be presented in a communicative way to bridge the interests of the state in maintaining protected areas with the rights of communities in maintaining living space. This finding also implies that the model of service based on participatory legal education can be replicated in other coastal areas facing similar problems
Co-Authors Abelita Daud Adam, Abdul Karim Adis Dwi Artamevia Udjulu Adistia R. Nur Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Aid Pramudya Husain Aid Pramudya Husain Akbar Hidayatullah Daud Akbar Hidayatullah Daud Al-Hadad, Monalisa Aldi D. Butudoka Aldin Karim Ali, Safitri Apripari, Apripari Apriyansa Pranata Ayuba Arwin Dunggio Avelia Rahmah Y Mantali Daniar Erza Miftarini Imam Debi Rahmat Huntialo Dewa Ezza Mahendra Ungko Dewa Ezza Mahendra Ungko Dian Ekawaty Ismail Diwan Jagad Raya Mohamad Djafar, Sri Mitta Aisha Dungga, Wenny Almoravid Fence M Wantu Fenty U. puluhulawa Fitran Amrain Gavinna Mantali Gita Amalia S. Aru Gunawan Rena Hadju, Zainal Abdul Aziz Handipan H. Ali Hikmawati Sabue Ilham Jafar Intra Saleh Itra Saleh Jafar, Ilham Jufryanto Puluhulawa Julisa Aprilia Kaluku Julius T Mandjo Julius T. Mandjo KASIM, NUR M. Katjong, Revie Kurnia Kaunang, Alfian Mamu, Karlin Z Mantali, Avelia Rahma Y. Mantali, Avelia Rahmah Y Miranda Posogu Moh Aditya Adjara Moh. Risky Yaisa Moh. Zidhan Madina Moha, Rivaldi Mohamad Alim Rifay Thalib Mohamad Djovan Kurniawan Mokodompit Mohamad Hidayat Muhtar Mohamad Rivaldi Moha Mohamad Taufiq Zulfikar Sarson Mohammad Rivaldi Moha Muh Nizar Zulmi Muhamad Khairun Kurniawan Kadir Muhamad Rusdiyanto Puluhuluwa Muhammad Dwi Sakti Rahim Muhammad Sabrisa Khartanta Ginting Suka Muhtar, Mohammad Hidayat Musa, Dela Kartika Muthia Cherawaty Thalib Mutia Cherawaty Thalib Ngurawan, Mohamad Eka Purwanto Nirwan Junus Nisrina M. Adam Nur M. Kasim Nur Mohamad Kasim Nur Mohammad Kasim Nur Mohammad Kasim, Nur Mohammad Nurjana Nurjana Nurlia Mamonto, Andi Anisa Nurul Fazri Elfikri Nurul Fazri Elfikri Nurul Fazri Elfikri Nusi, Andri Nuvazria Achir PUSI, TINSIAWATY R. Ramadhan Usman Ramli, Asmarani Randi Randi Renly Aprilia Pakaya Rilla Miftahuljannah Potale Risky Yanto Yunde Roman Agustian Hasan Roman Agustian Hasan Romansyah Fitra Lebie Sabrisa Khartanta Ginting Suka, Muhammad Salman Farishi Sari, Liani Sarson, Moh Taufiq Zulfikar Sinta Pomahiya Siti Hardianti Paramata Siti Nurmilawaty Tuliyabu Sjahrain, Nadya Asriyani Sofyan Piyo Sri Nanang Meiske Sri Nanang Meiske Kamba Sri Susanti Auna Suwitno Yutye Imran Swarianata, Vivi Tessa Pritama Eda Tessa Pritama Eda Thanh Nga Pham Usman Rasyid Weny A Dungga Weny Almoravid Dungga Yassine Chami Yulin Kamumu Yulin Kamumu Yusuf, Dimas Rahmat Zainal Abdul A. Hadju Zainal abdul aziz hadju Zainal Abdul Aziz Hadju Zainal Abdul Aziz Hadju Zainal Abdul Aziz Hadju Zainal Hadju Zamroni Abdusamad Zamroni Abdussamad Zuriyati T. Deni